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Unit4- DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What makes up the SIDES of a DNA ladder?

a)

nitrogen bases

b)

sugars & phosphates

c)

genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

2.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

3.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
4.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
5.
What is the significance of the sequence (order) of the Nitrogen Bases in DNA?
a)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the number of chromosomes present in an organism.
b)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the traits that an organism will possess (have).
c)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the gender of an organism.
d)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines whether an organism is abiotic biotic.
6.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
7.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
8.
During which part of the cell cycle does the cell divide?
a)
Interphase
b)
Mitosis
c)
S phase
9.
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
a)
To create new daughter cells
b)
To prevent cancer from developing
c)
To help the body fight viruses and bacteria
10.

Uncontrolled cell division which usually leads to tumors and disease is called:

a)

Metaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Cancer

d)

Diabetes

11.
What does DNA Replication mean?
a)
DNA is made.
b)
DNA makes new cells. 
c)
DNA copies itself.
d)
DNA starts the cell cycle.
12.

In which stage of the cell cycle is protein and organelle synthesis?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

S

d)

Cytokinesis

13.

Label the parts of the Cell Cycle

a)

G1

b)

S phase

c)

G2

d)

Mitosis

1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
14.

Match each phase with its correct description

a)

Cell grows rapidly while carrying out normal functions.

1.

G1 Phase

b)

Cells must replicate their DNA before cell division to ensure that identical genetic information is passed to  the next generation.

2.

S Phase

c)

  • FINISHES GROWING

  • Errors in DNA replication are checked- if something is wrong, cell needs to fix its errors before it divides!

3.

G2 Phase

15.

Match each phase with its correct description

a)

Cell grows rapidly while carrying out normal functions.

1.

G1 Phase

b)

DNA replication occurs

2.

S Phase

c)

  • Grows and prepares for cell division

3.

G2 Phase

d)

Splitting of cytoplasm and organelles into daughter cells

4.

Cytokinesis

e)

No growth or preparation for division.

5.

G0

16.
What is the cell cycle?
a)
The gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form.
b)
The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
c)
The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
d)
The series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA to produce two daughter cells.
17.

What type of asexual reproduction is it?

a)

budding

b)

regeneration

c)

sporulation

d)

binary fission

18.

What is cancer?

a)

Regulated meiosis or normal growth

b)

Uncontrolled meiosis or abnormal growth

c)

Regulated Mitosis or normal growth

d)

Uncontrolled Mitosis or abnormal growth

19.

Spot the difference between DNA and RNA according to the image provided.

a)

DNA is made of nucleotides, while RNA is not

b)

DNA is made of a sequence while RNA is not

c)

DNA is double-stranded while RNA is single stranded

d)

There is no difference between them

20.

A nucleotide from DNA and RNA are shown in the image, what is the difference between them regarding the sugars involved?

a)

DNA and RNA have the same sugar

b)

DNA has a ribose sugar while RNA has a deoxyribose sugar

c)

DNA and RNA have no sugar

d)

DNA has a deoxyribose sugar while RNA has a ribose sugar

21.

A nucleotide from DNA and RNA are shown in the image, what is the difference between them regarding the bases?

a)

DNA and RNA have the same bases

b)

DNA has ATCG while RNA has AUCG

c)

DNA and RNA have no bases

d)

DNA has AUCG while RNA has ATCG

22.

According to the image provided, "Transcription" takes place in the _______ of a cell.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleus

23.

According to the image provided, "Translation" takes place in the _______ of a cell.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleus

24.

According to the image provided, during "Transcription", DNA is made into _____

a)

tRNA

b)

DNA

c)

RNA

d)

mRNA

25.

According to the image provided, what is the end result?

a)

An amino acid (a.a) chain

b)

mRNA

c)

DNA

d)

Protein

26.

Match the DNA to the correct mRNA base

DNA Adenine pairs with ​​ (a)  

DNA Thymine pairs with ​ (b)  

DNA Cytosine pairs with ​ (c)  

DNA Guanine pairs with ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
Uracil
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
27.

OG DNA = AAGTGCTACC

What is the complementary DNA?

(a)  

28.

OG DNA = TACGTTACT

Use the OG DNA to make a the RNA

(a)  

29.
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
a)
GCUAUA
b)
CGATAT
c)
CGAUAU
d)
GCUTUT
30.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

31.
If one strand of DNA has the sequence TTACCG, the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be
a)
AATGGC
b)
TTACCG
c)
AACGGC
d)
AATGGG
32.

What is the process that makes a complementary mRNA strand from a DNA strand?

a)

protein synthesis

b)

transcription

c)

translation

d)

DNA Polymerase

33.

Using this DNA sequence ATA CGA GGA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

a)

UAU GCU CCU AAA

b)

UAU GCU CCU TTT

c)

TAT GCT CCT AAA

d)

TAT GCT CCT TTT

34.

What is translation?

a)

the process in which DNA is copied to make another molecule of DNA

b)

the process in which DNA is coded into mRNA

c)

the process in which mRNA is decoded into a protein

d)

the process in which enzymes break down mRNA

35.

Which amino acid matches with the following codon:

GAU

a)

GLU

b)

SER

c)

ASP

d)

ILE

36.

Which amino acid matches with the following codon:

CAC

a)

STOP

b)

HIS

c)

LYS

d)

ARG

37.

Use the mRNA below to select the correct amino acid sequence:

AUG-UCA-AAA-UAG

a)

MET-SER-LYS-STOP

b)

MET-THR-LYS-TYR

c)

LEU-SER-CYS-STOP

d)

ILE-LYS-SER-STOP

38.

Use the CODON CHART to answer the following question.


What amino acid is coded for by the codon CAG?

a)

histidine

b)

tyrosine

c)

valine

d)

glutamine

39.

What type of substitution mutation has no effect

on amino acids sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

40.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

41.

Original: ATC CAT

Mutation: ATC GCAT

What mutation occurred?

a)

deletion

b)

insertion

c)

silent

d)

transverse

42.

DNA molecule segment is : TTA-CGC-AAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTC-GCA-AG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

43.

Mutations are...

a)

Changes in the sequence of DNA

b)

Broken chromosomes

c)

Bad genes

44.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
45.
Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
46.

This is the practice of producing a genetically identical cell or organism

a)

Cloning

b)

Gel Electrophoresis

c)

Genetic Engineering

d)

DNA Fingerprinting

47.

Why is Dolly the sheep considered a clone?

a)

the source of Dolly's DNA is a single cell taken from an adult donor

b)

the DNA molecules in each of Dolly's cells are different

c)

Dolly has a mix of genes from her foster mother and the sheep that donated a nucleus of one of its cells

d)

Dolly is genetically identical to her offspring

48.
True or False: Gel electrophoresis allow scientist to compare DNA of different individuals.
a)
True
b)
False
49.

Which suspect left the blood stain?

a)

Bob

b)

Sue

c)

John

d)

Lisa

50.

Which is a genetic engineering advancement directly related to a career in biotechnology?

a)

improving solar energy collection

b)

transporting textiles at higher rates

c)

creating crop foods that resist insect pests

d)

repairing historical sites with quality materials

51.

Which would be reduced as a result of the development of pest-resistant crops?

a)

use of organic fertilizers

b)

use of chemical insecticides

c)

practice of crop rotation techniques

d)

practice of hydroponic farming techniques

52.

Bacteria cells can be used to produce insulin for the treatment of diabetes in humans. Which best explains how the bacteria cells are able to produce insulin for humans?

a)

The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing insulin.

b)

The bacteria have been genetically engineered to contain the DNA needed to produce insulin.

c)

The bacteria have been exposed to radioactivity to create mutant strains capable of producing insulin.

d)

The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing sugar; the bacteria produce insulin in response to the sugar.

53.

Which best describes a controversial issue associated with the use of genetically modified crops?

a)

the use of genetically modified crops to increase potential yield

b)

the short term use of genetically modified crops in famine stricken countries

c)

the development of genetically modified crops which are resistant to herbicides

d)

the long term effects which may arise from the use of genetically modified crops

54.

What type of job could a person who studies biotechnology in college have? (check all that apply)

a)

Create new medicines and vaccines

b)

Create disease/pest resistant crop varieties

c)

Work in a forensic lab testing crime scene evidence

d)

Create environmentally friendly ways to clean up pollution

55.
Which two bat species are most closely related?
a)
 Bat 1 and Bat 2
b)
Bat 1 and Bat 3
c)
Bat 2 and Bat 3
d)
There’s no way to tell

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