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SB2 abc Mega Review

Total questions: 87

Worksheet time: 1hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
3.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
4.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
5.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
6.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
7.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
8.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
9.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
10.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
11.
What is responsible for holding the two strands of the DNA double helix together?
a)
hydrogen bonds
b)
alleles
c)
London dispersion forces
d)
deoxyribose sugars
12.

What is the name of the place where the double helix is unwound?

a)

Replication Fork

b)

The Y zone

c)

Open Sesame

d)

Replication Spoon

13.

The two strands of DNA are

a)

Parallel

b)

Antiparallel

c)

Perpendicular

d)

At Right Angles

14.
DNA codes for...
a)
cholesterol
b)
proteins
c)
fatty acids
d)
a sandwich
15.

Which enzyme is responsible for building nucleotides?

a)

Helicase

b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
16.
This image shows that DNA Replication is _______.
a)
Conservative
b)
Semiconservative
c)
Dispersive
d)
Spontaneous
17.

Name this structure

a)

double helix

b)

nucleotide

c)

amino acid

d)

protein

18.

The nucleus contains DNA. Which statement BEST describes how DNA controls the working of the cell?

a)

It codes for proteins.

b)

It inhibits division of cells.

c)

It helps in energy transformation.

d)

It regulates traffic in and out of the cell.

19.

DNA molecules contain the genetic information that determines the characteristics of a living organism. How do DNA molecules express the genetic information they contain?

a)

by breaking down proteins within the cell

b)

by directing the process of protein synthesis

c)

by regulating the storage of cellular proteins

d)

by controlling the movement of protein molecules

20.

Rungs/steps of DNA ladder

a)

phosphate and sugar

b)

phosphate and nitrogen base

c)

nitrogen base pair

d)

sugar and nitrogen base

21.

Backbone/sides of DNA

a)

phospate and sugar

b)

phosphate and nitrogen base

c)

nitrogen base pair

d)

sugar and nitrogen base

22.

DNA making a copy of itself

a)

transcription

b)

replication

c)

translation

d)

protein synthesis

23.

Process of making mRNA

a)

replication

b)

translation

c)

extraction

d)

transcription

24.

Where does transcription take place in a cell?

a)

ribosome

b)

cytoplasm

c)

nucleus

d)

ER

25.

A triplet on mRNA is called

a)

codon

b)

anticodon

26.

Where does translation take place in the cell?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribsome

c)

nucleolus

d)

ER

27.

GCU will base pair to which of the following in DNA?

a)

AGA

b)

CGA

c)

CGT

d)

ACU

28.

Where is DNA made into RNA?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Cell Membrane

29.

Where is RNA made into protein?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Cell Membrane

30.

Is this a strand of DNA or RNA?

TACGGACTA

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Impossible to tell

31.

MET is know as the __________ codon.

a)

stop

b)

main

c)

start

d)

most common

32.

Select the RNA sequence or sequences for Glutamine.

a)

CGU

b)

CAG

c)

CUA

d)

CAA

33.

DNA is used as a guide to rewrite the genetic code into RNA. RNA can then leave the nucleus.

a)

This is Transcription.

b)

This is Translation.

34.

RNA goes to the ribosome where it is used as a guide to attach amino acids together. Amino acids in a chain is a protein

a)

This is Transcription.

b)

This is Translation.

35.

Find the amino acid that this segment of DNA codes for: GAC

a)

Leucine

b)

Serine

c)

Aspartic Acid

d)

Histine

36.

In DNA, C pairs with G , and A pairs with

a)

U

b)

A

c)

C

d)

T

37.

Select the DNA sequence or sequences for Lysine.

a)

TTC

b)

AAC

c)

TTT

d)

TAT

38.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
39.

Which of the following is an example of biotech in which researchers sequenced and mapped ALL genes in the human species?

a)

Stem Cells

b)

Human Genome Project

c)

Cloning

d)

Gene Therapy

40.

Which of the following is an example of Biotech in which genetically identical copies of an individual is produced?

a)

Stem Cells

b)

Human Genome Project

c)

Cloning

d)

Gene Therapy

41.

Which of these processes entail removing DNA from a cell and separating it from the rest of the cell parts?

a)

DNA Extraction

b)

GMO

c)

CRISPR

d)

DNA Fingerprint

42.

Which of the following is unspecialized cells that have the potential to become any other cell in the body?

a)

Stem Cells

b)

Human Genome Project

c)

Cloning

d)

Gene Therapy

43.

Which of these processes utilizes electricity to pass through a gel that contains DNA samples to create a pattern unique to each sample.

a)

DNA Extraction

b)

GMO

c)

CRISPR

d)

DNA Fingerprint

44.

Which of the following uses genes to treat or prevent illness?

a)

Stem Cells

b)

Human Genome Project

c)

Cloning

d)

Gene Therapy

45.

Which one is not an application for Gene Therapy

a)

Replace a disease-causing gene

b)

Inactivating a disease-causing gene

c)

Crime scene investigation.

d)

Introducing a new gene to help treat a disease

46.

Which of these entails inserting the gene of one organism into the genome of another organism?

a)

DNA Extraction

b)

GMO

c)

CRISPR

d)

DNA Fingerprint

47.

Which of these is used for Genome Editing - changing the SEQUENCE of bases in the DNA

a)

DNA Extraction

b)

GMO

c)

CRISPR

d)

DNA Fingerprint

48.

A map of all the genes in an organism is called:

a)

CRISPR

b)

Genome

c)

Nucleotide

d)

DNA Fingerprint

49.

Which of the following are examples of GMOs?

a)

Crops that have genes inserted to help produce better harvest

b)

Bacteria that have been used to create insulin for humans

c)

DNA polymerase attaching nucleotides

d)

Glow in the dark pets

50.

Which of the following is true about CRISPR?

a)

It stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats.

b)

Was studied between October 1, 1990 - April 23, 2003.

c)

It can be used to correct genetic defects.

d)

It can alter the sequence of bases in a genome.

51.

True or False: Comparing Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells, Adult Stem Cells are the more versatile type of stem cell.

a)

True

b)

False

52.

Which of the following is the result of cloning?

a)

a genetically different individual

b)

two similar offspring

c)

a genetically identical offspring

d)

genetically indifferent offspring

53.

The pattern for DNA fingerprinting is created because the smaller fragments will move ___________ than the larger fragments and travel ___________.

a)

Slower , nearer

b)

Faster, nearer

c)

Slower , further

d)

Faster , further

54.

How are GMOs created using bioengineering?

a)

A desirable gene is removed from one organism and inserted into another organisms genome

b)

Two different organisms with desired genes are mated

c)

Bacteria with good genes are inserted into other organisms

d)

An undesirable gene is found, removed, and replaced with the desirable form of the gene

55.
A short sequence of DNA can best be described as an _______.
a)
gene
b)
genome 
c)
chromosome 
d)
chromatin 
56.
What macromolecule do genes code for?
a)
proteins 
b)
carbohydrates 
c)
nucleic acids
d)
 lipids
57.

What phase is shown here? Hint: you are starting to see the nuclear membrane again!

a)

Metaphase II

b)

Telophase I

c)

Telophase II

d)

Metaphase I

58.

What phase is this?


Hint: membrane is disappearing

a)

Interphase II

b)

Prophase I

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Anaphase II

59.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
60.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Telophase II
61.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase II
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Interphase I
62.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
 Metaphase I
63.
What phases is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Anaphase II
d)
Interphase I
64.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Telophase II
d)
Anaphase I
65.
What process is shown here?
a)
Genetic Randomization
b)
Cross Over
c)
Allele Switching
d)
Cross Pollination
66.
When does the process shown here happen?
a)
Prophase I
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Interphase II
d)
Telophase I
67.

CROSSING OVER INCREASES

a)

LIFE SPAN

b)

GENETIC VARIATION

c)

THE NUMBER OF OFF-SPRING

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

68.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
69.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
70.
What phase is  shown in the picture?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
anaphase 2
c)
metaphase 1
d)
telophase 1
71.

What phase of Meiosis is this?

a)

Telophase I

b)

Anaphase I

c)

Anaphase II

d)

Telophase II

72.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
73.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)
segregation of sister chromatids
b)
condensation and segregation of alleles
c)
mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered
d)
crossing - over in which alleles are exchanged
74.
The correct order of the phases of mitosis and meiosis could be abbreviated as:
a)
MAPT
b)
PAMT
c)
TPAM
d)
PMAT
75.
The nuclear membrane dissolves during
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
76.

Crossing over in organisms is responsible for...?

a)

Dominance of genes

b)

Recombination of genes

c)

Linkage

d)

Segregation of alleles

77.

The image is an example of

(a)  

78.

What is genetic recombination?

a)

The combination of genes produced by crossing over and independent assortment.

b)

When genes located close to each other on the same chromosome tend to travel together during meiosis.

c)

A map that shows the sequence of genes on a chromosome.

d)

The occurrence of one or more extra sets of chromosomes.

79.

Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis. Which statement about crossing over is true?

a)

RNA translation occurs in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Crossing over takes place in backterial cells

c)

Crossing over produces genetically identical daughter cells

d)

Crossing over provides genetic diversity in eukaryotic cells

80.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

81.

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

82.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

83.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Deletion- Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

d)

All of the above

84.

Which of the following is an example of a harmful mutation?

a)

Attached vs detached earlobes

b)

Huntington's

c)

Change in eye color

d)

All of the above

85.

Which of the following is an example of a helpful mutation?

a)

Attached vs detached earlobes

b)

Malaria resistance

c)

Huntington's

d)

All of the above

86.

What are the two main goals of all species?

a)

Eat and sleep

b)

Become the top species and eliminate the weak

c)

Survive and reproduce

d)

Play Fortnite and eat pizza

87.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

a)

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

b)

Because they come from dominant alleles.

c)

Because they come from recessive alleles.

d)

Because the organism knew it needed that trait, survives, and passes it on.

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