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APES Unit 7

Total questions: 91

Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What three components have to be present to create photochemical smog?
a)
VOCS, PANS, Carbon Dioxide
b)
VOCS, Ozone, Nitrogen Monoxide
c)
Nitrogen Dioxide, Sunlight, and VOCS
d)
Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Ozone
2.
Uranium 238 decays to make this carcinogenic gas found in the bedrock
a)
Asbestos
b)
Radon
c)
Lead
d)
Thalidomide
3.
Mitigates UV radiation from getting to the troposphere
a)
stratospheric ozone
b)
tropospheric ozone
c)
Calcium Carbonate
d)
CFC
4.
Can be used to raise the pH of water, soil, and used in scrubbers
a)
H2SO4
b)
HNO3
c)
CaCO3
d)
CFC's
5.
Brownish-reddish gas that is a component of photochemical smog and also can lead to acid deposition
a)
NO2
b)
N2O
c)
SO2
d)
PANS
6.
One of the six types of air pollution monitored by the EPA.  Is formed from incomplete combustion.
a)
CO2
b)
CO
c)
SO2
d)
O3
7.
Banned by the Montreal Protocol
a)
Ozone
b)
CFC
c)
Carbon Dioxide
d)
Nitrous Oxide
8.
Which of the following is NOT a carcinogen?
a)
Arsenic
b)
Radon
c)
Asbestos
d)
Carbon Monoxide
9.
Which of the following is a primary air pollutant caused by burning coal
a)
CFC
b)
Ozone
c)
CO
d)
Sulfuric Acid
10.
The stratosphere
a)
Contains the most ozone
b)
Is closest to the sun
c)
Has the most oxygen
d)
Is where all weather takes place
11.
Found in old plumbing pipes and ceramic glazes
a)
Asbestos
b)
Radon
c)
Lead
d)
Formaldehyde
12.
Composed of fibers known to cause lung disease
a)
Asbestos
b)
Radon
c)
Lead
d)
Formaldehyde
13.
Emitted from most manufactured building materials and furniture
a)
Asbestos
b)
Radon
c)
Lead
d)
Formaldehyde
14.
The 3 main anthropogenic sources of gaseous air pollutants in the US are
a)
soil erosion, volcanoes, and forest fires
b)
soil erosion, volcanoes, and energy production
c)
industry, transportation, and energy production
d)
industry, transportation and agriculture
15.
Smoke from forest fires is most likely to affect air quality over larger areas for many days when
a)
smog is produced due to chemical reactions in the atmosphere
b)
a persistent atmospheric inversion exists in the region
c)
primary pollutants
d)
secondary pollutants
16.

Older buildings with old plumbing are at high risk for exposure to what?

a)

lead

b)

radon

c)

mercury

d)

arsenic

e)

methane

17.

Which six (6) pollutants does the Clean Air Act regulate? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Lead & Sulfur Dioxide

b)

Sulfate & Carbon Dioxide

c)

Nitrogen Dioxide & Carbon Monoxide

d)

Particulate matter & tropospheric ozone

e)

Mercury & stratospheric ozone

18.

Nitrogen oxides...

a)

contribute to stratospheric ozone

b)

are primarily produced by naturally occurring events

c)

contribute to photochemical smog

19.

Photochemical smog is produced in part by...

a)

tropospheric Ozone

b)

stratospheric Ozone

c)

SO2

d)

CO2

20.

What is the mechanism by which Carbon Monoxide (CO) harms the body?

a)

it binds to the hemoglobin in the blood

b)

it shuts down lung activity so you can't breath

c)

it impairs the brains ability to send signals

d)

it blocks the functions of the liver

21.

Where does most of the atmospheric lead come from now that it has been removed from gasoline?

a)

production of lithium batteries

b)

coal burning power plants

c)

production of plastics

d)

production of fertilizers

22.

Rainfall has a pH, on average, of

a)

5.6 - 7

b)

pH > 7

c)

7 - 8.6

d)

3.8 - 5.6

23.

Catalytic converters remove which pollutants from car emissions? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Nitrogen oxides

b)

Sulfate

c)

Carbon monoxide

d)

Ozone

24.

A colorless, odorless gas -internal combustion- cars- can kill.

a)

Nitrogen oxides

b)

Ground-level ozone

c)

Carbon monoxide

d)

Sulfur dioxide

25.

A metallic element that was once in gasoline, pipes and paint and can cause brain damage.

a)

Lead

b)

Particulate matter

c)

Ground-level ozone

d)

Nitrogen oxides

26.
Combines with other pollutants to form acid rain
a)
Nitrogen oxides & sulfur dioxide
b)
Particulate matter & lead
c)
Nitrogen oxides & ground-level ozone
d)
Sulfur dioxide & ground-level ozone
27.

Pollution hanging over urban areas that causes reduced visibility is called (smoke and fog)

a)

Air pollution

b)

Temperature inversion

c)

Light pollution

d)

Smog

28.
What is the major cause for air pollution? 
a)
factories and cars
b)
cigarretes 
c)
deforestation
d)
oil spills
29.
—The Clean Air Act- regulates vehicle emissions.
a)
true
b)
false
30.
Used on factory stacks to remove gases and particulate.
a)
Filters
b)
Emission reducers
c)
Scrubbers
d)
Filter Strips
31.
Air quality has improved over the past 30 years.
a)
True
b)
False
32.

A type of pollution found both indoors and outdoors, which includes pollen, dander, soot, carbon, and dust.

a)

Water droplets

b)

Allergens

c)

Particulate matter

d)

Combustibles

33.
Source of carbon monoxide
a)
Incomplete combustion of fuel
b)
Combustion of fossil fuel
c)
Decomposition of plant and animal matters
34.
An air pollution prevention mechanism found in vehicles. 
a)
combustion chamber
b)
electrostatic precipitator
c)
scrubber
d)
catalytic converter
35.

When the air above is warmer than the colder air below, it is called a

a)

Thermal shift

b)

Thermal change

c)

Thermal inversion

d)

Thermal reversal

36.
What is a primary pollutant? 
a)
pollutant that is put directly into air by human activities
b)
pollutants that react with other primary pollutants
37.
When a building has bad air quality, it has something called
a)
Sick building syndrome
b)
Radon
c)
Carbon monoxide
d)
Smog
38.
Radon gas is most harmful to which part of the body?
a)
Eyes
b)
Lungs
c)
Heart
d)
Kidneys
39.
The air pollution prevention device used for removal of small toxic particles, but creates a water disposal problem is a(n)
a)
electrostatic precipitator
b)
wet scrubber
c)
cyclone separator
d)
baghouse filter
40.

Which of the following is an example of a secondary air pollutant?

a)

nitrogen dioxide

b)

sulfur dioxide

c)

tropospheric ozone

d)

carbon monoxide

41.

Which of the following is a neurotoxin that bioaccumulates in the food chain?

a)

carbon monoxide

b)

Mercury

c)

nitrogen dioxide

d)

particulate matter

42.

Which of the following government agencies is responsible for the Clean Air Act?

a)

the USGS

b)

the USDA

c)

the EPA

d)

the USDOJ

43.
Air pollution can cause...
a)
asthma
b)
lung cancer
c)
emphysema
d)
ALL OF THE ABOVE
44.

The lowest layer in the atmosphere - where trees grow and weather takes place.

a)

troposphere

b)

stratosphere

c)

mesopshere

d)

treeosphere

45.

Smog from Industry - burning coal- London England

a)

Grey

b)

Brown

c)

Purple

d)

Black

46.

Smog associated with -CARS- Los Angeles

a)

yellow/brown

b)

grey

c)

green

d)

black

47.

Tropospheric - bad ozone is -

a)

primary pollutant

b)

secondary pollutant

48.

Responsible for PHOTOCHEMICAL - yellow-brown smog- select 3

a)

VOC's

b)

NOx

c)

Sunlight

d)

radon

49.

Which of the following are examples of VOC's ? select 4

a)

Paint and paint thinners

b)

gasoline

c)

Nail polish and acetone

d)

Formaldehyde

e)

Water

50.
____________________ are pollutants released into the air.
a)
Emissions
b)
Ozone molecules
c)
Hazardous wastes
d)
Acid rains
51.

The chemical formula for ozone?

a)

0

b)

02

c)

03

d)

ON

52.
Acid rain can damage
a)
Drinking water sources
b)
Aquatic life
c)
Architecture/buildings
d)
All options are correct
53.
The ozone layer is damaged by
a)
CFCs
b)
Increase in greenhouse gases
c)
Increased global temperatures
d)
Sulfuric and nitric acids
54.
Sound that affects the quality and/or health of human life
a)
Light pollution
b)
Air pollution
c)
Noise pollution
d)
Acid shock
55.
What can humans do to reduce the effects of acid rain?
a)
Develop Alternate Energy Sources (Solar Power, Wind Energy)
b)
Use Less Energy
c)
Stop Burning Fossil Fuels
d)
All of the Answers are Correct
56.

Smog or ground ozone forms in the troposphere. Which pollutants are most responsible for smog or ground ozone?

a)

sulfur and particulate matter

b)

volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides

c)

carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide

d)

none of these answers are correct

57.

Where is the Ozone Layer found in our atmosphere?

a)

Troposphere (lower portion)

b)

Stratosphere (upper portion)

58.

When the Ozone Layer loses Ozone what happens to organisms on the earth's surface?

a)

They are exposed to Smog

b)

Nothing happens

c)

They are exposed to Acid Rain

d)

They are exposed to Ultraviolet B Radiation

59.
Humans cause long and short term harm to their environment.
a)
true
b)
false
60.
These are two ways people can reduce air pollution.
a)
Drive vehicles that get low gas mileage / Burn trash at home
b)
Burn less fossil fuels / walk and ride bikes
c)
Create major forest fires / Use CFC's
d)
Burn styrofoam at landfills / Use more chlorine
61.
Select the natural form of air pollution.
a)
CFC's
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Forest Fires
d)
Paints and Solvents
62.

All of the following methods are designed to prevent indoor air pollution EXCEPT

a)

Preventing pesticide residues and lead particles from accumulating indoors by taking off shoes upon entering a house

b)

Banning smoking indoors

c)

heating a house with wood stoves instead of conventional gas or electric heaters

d)

using a radon-222 monitor in the home

e)

avoiding the use of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) such as moth balls or air fresheners.

63.

Indoor air pollution is considered one of the most serious problems in developed countries because

a)

indoor air pollutants are much more toxic than outdoor pollutants

b)

indoor air pollution contributes to photochemical smog

c)

indoor air pollution standards do not exist in developed countries

d)

the majority of most individuals' lives are spent indoors and in vehicles

e)

indoor air pollutants are very diificult to filter from the air

64.

Which of the following is true of radon-222

a)

It's a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that can cause lung cancer

b)

It is a yellowish-green gas that can cause asphyxiation

c)

It is a primary pollutant that is released by the burning of coal

d)

It is a secondary pollutant formed when photochemical smog forms

e)

It is a by-product of the incineration process for municipal waste

65.

What do all photochemical reactions have in common?

a)

The release photons of light, called fluorescence, as by-products

b)

They absorb light and release heat as a by-product

c)

The are all activated by light

d)

They utilize red light to boost electrons to higher orbitals

e)

They couple visible light with heat to drive chemical reactions

66.

Some cities are especially prone to increased levels of air pollution because they are surrounded by mountains, which often leads to

a)

temperature inversions that trap pollutants

b)

temperature inversions that increase the greenhouse gas effect

c)

the heat island effect

d)

the chimney effect

e)

an increase in albedo, which raises the temperature

67.

Of the following devices, which are used to remove particulates or sulfur oxides from coal buring power plants

I. Catalytic converter

II. Electrostatic precipitator

III. Wet scubber

a)

I. only

b)

II. only

c)

III. only

d)

II and III only

e)

I and II only

68.

Which of these was banned from gasoline in the 1970s?

a)

radon

b)

mercury

c)

lead

d)

iron

e)

copper

69.

Primary source is burning coal. Effects include acid deposition, respiratory irritation, & industrial smog

a)

sulfur oxides

b)

nitrogen oxides

c)

radon

d)

carbon monodxide

70.
Carbon monoxide
a)
increases lung cancer rates
b)
leads to the formation of photochemical smog
c)
is most problematic in rural areas
d)
is produced by incomplete combustion
71.
What part of the United States gets the most acid rain?
a)
Northeast
b)
West Coast
c)
Georgia
d)
Miami
72.
In lakes  that are exposed to acid rain, fish populations are declining.
  This is primarily due to changes in which lake condition?
a)
size
b)
pH
c)
temperature
d)
location
73.

The two secondary pollutants associated with photochemical smog that cause both eye irritation and potential lung damage are:

a)

CO and CO2

b)

Nitrous oxide and radon

c)

PANs and methane

d)

Ozone and PAN's

74.
Mitigated by electrostatic precipitators
a)
Sulfur Dioxide
b)
Nitrogen Dioxide
c)
Acid Deposition
d)
PM2.5
75.

Over the past 200 years, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has

a)

decreased slightly

b)

increased until recently, and then decreased

c)

increased steadily

d)

stayed about the same

76.

What does the term "anthropogenic" mean?

a)

something that is NOT caused by human activity

b)

a naturally occurring cause

c)

originating from human activity

d)

something that everyone should care about

77.
Acid measures this on the pH scale.
a)
exactly 7
b)
anything below 7
c)
anything above 7
d)
anything from 1 to 14
78.

The following ailments are long-term effects of air pollution EXCEPT

a)

emphysema. (hardening of lungs)

b)

lung cancer.

c)

headaches.

d)

heart disease.

79.

Acid precipitation/rain can be traced back to

a)

the burning of fossil fuels.

b)

the use of electrostatic precipitators.

c)

thermal inversions.

d)

the release of particulate matter into the atmosphere.

80.

Which of the following pH measurements of rainwater would indicate acid precipitation/rain?

a)

pH 6.0

b)

pH 4.1

c)

pH 7.3

d)

pH 9.6

81.

Which range indicates a base/alkaline?

a)

1-6

b)

8-14

82.

Which of the following are examples of VOC's ? (Select 3)

a)

paint and paint thinners

b)

gasoline

c)

water vapor

d)

formaldehyde

e)

smog

83.

What chemical is used in the desulfurization process?

a)

CaCO3

b)

CO2

c)

SO2

d)

NO2

84.
Which of these is considered pollution?
a)
Yelling loudly to the person next to you
b)
Using your indoor voice when you talk 
c)
Walking to school
85.

Which of these is NOT a potential effect of Noise pollution on Animals?

a)

Inability to Communicate and Hunt

b)

Stress

c)

Increases in other senses to compensate

d)

Changing Migratory Routes

86.

Which group of animals is most affected by noise pollution?

a)

Marine Mammals

b)

Deer / Ungulates

c)

Small Mammals

d)

Reptiles

87.

What can be done to reduce the impact of noise pollution on whale populations?

a)

Protected "quiet zones"

b)

Decrease Whaling Ships

c)

Remove plastic from the ocean

d)

Reduce fishing of prey species

88.

Which of these are corona viruses?

a)

SARS

b)

MERS

c)

Common Cold

d)

Corona virus (Covid-19)

89.

Which of these are spread by mosquitoes?

a)

Malaria

b)

SARS

c)

West Nile Virus

d)

Zika

90.

Which of these are viral diseases?

a)

Malaria

b)

Tuberculosis

c)

West Nile

d)

MERS

91.

Which of these diseases is tied to exposure to human waste/ sewage in drinking water?

a)

Dysentery

b)

Cholera

c)

Plague

d)

Tuberculosis

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