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Energy, photosynthesis and cell respiration

Total questions: 213

Worksheet time: 5hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which type of reaction releases energy?

a)

catabolic

b)

anabolic

2.

What type of reaction needs energy in order to take place?

a)

catabolic

b)

anabolic

3.

Which type of reaction occurs when monomers are put together to form a polymer?

a)

catabolic

b)

anabolic

4.

How many phosphate molecules are in one ATP molecule?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

5.

How many phosphate molecules are in one ADP molecule?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

6.

When you remove a phosphate from ATP, what type of reaction is this?

a)

catabolic

b)

anabolic

7.

When you add a phosphate to ADP, what type of reaction is this?

a)

catabolic

b)

anabolic

8.

What is the full name of the molecule ATP?

a)

Adenine Diphosphate

b)

Adenosine Diphosphate

c)

Adenine Triphosphate

d)

Adenosine Triphosphate

9.

What is ATP used for?

a)

It is recharged to be used later.

b)

As a backbone for DNA.

c)

Special cell actions that require large amounts of energy.

d)

Any cellular process requiring energy.

10.

Which bond of the ATP molecule is broken in order to release energy?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

11.

Label A in the diagram is identified as...

a)

reactants

b)

products

c)

activation energy

d)

photosynthesis

12.

Label D in the diagram is identified as...

a)

reactants

b)

products

c)

activation energy

d)

photosynthesis

13.

This energy diagram shows a _____ reaction.

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

c)

activation energy

d)

photosynthesis

14.

Metabolic reactions are controlled by _____ that bind to reactants.

a)

enzymes

b)

nucleic acids

c)

lipids

d)

carbohydrates

15.

#1 in the diagram can be identified as...

a)

active site

b)

substrate

c)

product

d)

enzyme

16.

#2 in the diagram can be identified as...

a)

active site

b)

substrate

c)

product

d)

enzyme

17.

#3 in the diagram can be identified as...

a)

active site

b)

substrate

c)

product

d)

enzyme

18.

#4 in the diagram can be identified as...

a)

active site

b)

substrate

c)

product

d)

enzyme

19.

Which of the following factors can change the rate of a chemical reaction?

a)

temperature

b)

pH

c)

substrate concentration

d)

catalysts

e)

competitive inhibitors

20.

All of the chemical reactions within each cell of an organism...

a)

metabolism

b)

reactants

c)

denaturation

d)

endothermic

21.

The breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical changes...

a)

chemical reactions

b)

endothermic

c)

exothermic

d)

denaturation

22.

The amount of energy needed to make a chemical reaction start...

a)

activation energy

b)

catabolic

c)

anabolic

d)

metabolism

23.

Substances that are changed during a chemical reaction...

a)

Reactants

b)

Products

c)

Metabolism

d)

Catalyst

24.

Substances that are made by a chemical reaction...

a)

products

b)

reactants

c)

catalysts

d)

enzymes

25.

A type of reaction that absorbs energy...

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

c)

active site

d)

denaturation

26.

A type of reaction that releases energy...

a)

exothermic

b)

endothermic

c)

metabolism

d)

denaturation

27.

Proteins that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering activation energy...

a)

enzymes

b)

metabolism

c)

active site

d)

chemical reactions

28.

Substances that speed up chemical reactions without being permanently altered...

a)

catalysts

b)

products

c)

reactants

d)

active sites

29.

A region on an enzyme that fits only one substrate...

a)

active site

b)

activation energy

c)

reactant

d)

enzyme

30.

A process in which an enzyme's active site gets deformed and loses its specific shape...

a)

Denaturation

b)

Metabolism

c)

Catalyst

d)

Catabolic

31.

A process in which an enzyme's active site gets deformed and loses its specific shape...

a)

Denaturation

b)

Metabolism

c)

Catalyst

d)

Catabolic

32.

A process in which an enzyme's active site gets deformed and loses its specific shape...

a)

Denaturation

b)

Metabolism

c)

Catalyst

d)

Catabolic

33.

A reaction that builds larger molecules from smaller ones...

a)

anabolic

b)

catabolic

c)

enzyme

d)

denaturation

34.

A reaction that breaks down larger molecules into simpler molecules

a)

catabolic

b)

anabolic

c)

denaturation

d)

enzyme

35.

Which of the following factors can increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

a)

increasing temperature

b)

higher substrate concentration

c)

catalysts

d)

competitive inhibitors

36.

How does energy change during a chemical reaction?

a)

Breaking bonds requires energy absorption while building bonds releases energy

b)

Breaking bonds releases energy while building bonds requires energy absorption

c)

It doesn't change

37.

Photosynthesis is

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

c)

Fermentation

38.

Cellular respiration occurs in

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplasts

39.

Fermentation can produce

a)

Oxygen

b)

Lactic acid

c)

Glucose

d)

Carbon

40.

In photosynthesis, sunlight energy is transferred to

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Glucose

41.

The light reaction split this molecule and grabs its electrons

a)

Glucose

b)

Oxygen

c)

Water

42.

This process occurs during the Calvin cycle

a)

Carbon fixation

b)

Splitting of water

c)

Production of oxygen gas

43.

When microbes decompose dead organisms, they produce

a)

Oxygen gas

b)

Carbon dioxide gas

c)

Glucose

44.

The conversion of ATP back to ADP is

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

c)

Disastrous

45.

Enzymes are proteins that_____ chemical reactions

a)

Slow down

b)

Speed up

c)

Disrupt

46.

Reactants of photosynthesis

a)

Oxygen and water

b)

Carbon dioxide and water

c)

Glucose and carbon dioxide

47.

Cellular respiration is the breakdown of

a)

Water

b)

Glucose

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

oxygen

48.

When oxygen is absent, cells will use this process for ATP

a)

Cellular respiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Fermentation

49.

Food is the energy source for

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Cellular respiration

c)

Both

50.

Energy carriers like ATP, NAHD, and NADPH are used in

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Cellular respiration

c)

Both

51.

When a phosphate is added to ADP it is

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

c)

Ridiculous

52.

The light reactions occur in the

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Thylakoid membranes

53.

Is the mushroom a producer, consumer or decomposer?

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

54.

Is the corn a producer, consumer or decomposer?

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

55.

Is the catfish a producer, consumer or decomposer?

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

56.

Why are decomposers important in an ecosystem?

a)

They break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients

b)

They hunt for food

c)

They make their own food

57.

Is the green algae a producer, consumer or decomposer?

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

58.
The frog is a prey to what predator in this food chain?
a)
snake
b)
grass
c)
grasshopper
d)
hawk
59.
What are organisms that use other organisms for food in order to gain energy?
a)
decomposers
b)
producers
c)
herbivores
d)
consumers
60.
What type of organism makes its own food?
a)
consumer
b)
carnivore
c)
producer
d)
animal
61.
A red wolf is a __________ and a ________.
a)
producer and hunter
b)
consumer and carnivore
c)
decomposer and carnivore
d)
decomposer and omnivore
62.
From where do producers get their energy?
a)
the ground
b)
other animals
c)
decomposers
d)
the sun
63.
The process of using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen is called _________?
a)
chlorophyll
b)
evaporation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
transportation
64.
What do the arrows represent in this diagram?
a)
who is being eaten
b)
the flow of energy
c)
the decomposition of organisms
d)
what things can change into
65.
The frog is a predator to what prey in this food chain?
a)
frog
b)
grass
c)
grasshopper
d)
hawk
66.

What is an animal that eats meat?

a)

Carnivore

b)

Herbivore

c)

Omnivore

67.

What type of animal eats plants and fruit?

a)

Carninore

b)

Herbivore

c)

Omnivore

68.

What type of animal eats both meat and plants?

a)

Carnivore

b)

Herbivore

c)

Omnivore

69.
What 3 things does a plant need to perform photosynthesis?
a)
oxygen, carbon dioxide, water
b)
oxygen, sunlight, water
c)
oxygen, carbon dioxide, sunlight
d)
sunlight, carbon dioxide, water
70.

What organelle does photosynthesis take place in?

a)

chloroplasts

b)

nucleus

c)

mitochondria

71.
Where does the water go into the plant?
a)
the roots
b)
the leaves
72.
Cellular Respiration helps organisms to get energy from
a)
sunlight
b)
oxygen
c)
water
d)
food
73.
What three things are always needed for photosynthesis
a)
water, light, fertilizer, oxygen
b)
water, light, chlorophyll, oxygen
c)
water, roots, stems, leaves
d)
water, light, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide
74.
What three things are always needed for photosynthesis
a)
water, light, fertilizer, oxygen
b)
water, light, chlorophyll, oxygen
c)
water, roots, stems, leaves
d)
water, light, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide
75.
Which of these is true about how photosynthesis and respiration are related
a)
photosynthesis stores energy, Respiration releases it
b)
respiration stores energy and photosynthesis releases energy
c)
photosynthesis and respiration are the same
d)
photosynthesis and respiration are not related
76.

In this figure, between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?

a)

A and B

b)

B and C

c)

C and D

77.

Plants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules called

a)

pigments

b)

thylakoids

c)

stroma

78.

The stroma is the space that surrounds

a)

thylakoids

b)

chloroplasts

c)

plant cells

79.

Where do light dependent reactions take place?

a)

in the stroma

b)

outside the chloroplasts

c)

in the thylakoid membranes

80.

The Calvin cycle is another name for

a)

light independent reactions

b)

light dependent reactions

c)

photosynthesis

81.

What is the product of the calvin cycle

a)

oxygen gas

b)

ATP

c)

high energy sugars

82.

Where are photosystems or light collecting units of photosynthesis found?

a)

thylakoid membranes

b)

stroma

c)

granum

83.

Photosystems I and II are found in the structure labeled ____ in this figure

a)

A

b)

B

c)

neither

84.

the oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from...

a)

splitting water

b)

splitting glucose

c)

splitting chlorophyll

d)

splitting carbon dioxide

85.

which product of light reactions is not used by the calvin cycle?

a)

NADPH

b)

oxygen, O2

c)

ATP

d)

carbon dioxide, CO2

86.

which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during all of photosynthesis?

a)

NADPH --> O2 ---> CO2

b)

H2O---> photosystem l ----> photosystem ll

c)

H20 ---> NADPH----> calvin cycle

d)

NADPH -----> electron transport chain -----> O2

87.

the final electron acceptor in the light reaction is

a)

PGA

b)

PEP

c)

FAD+

d)

NADP+

88.

chlorophyll reflects (does not absorb) which color of light

a)

blue

b)

green

c)

red

d)

purple

89.

the photosynthetic electron transport chain causes the accumulation of hydrogen ions in which part of the chloroplast?

a)

stroma

b)

matrix

c)

outermembrane

d)

thylakoid space

90.

which of the following is nt associated with he thlakoid membrane

a)

electron transport chain

b)

ATP synthase

c)

photosystmes l and ll

d)

the calvin cycle

91.

which of the following does not occur during the calvin cycle

a)

reduction

b)

carbon fixation

c)

regenartion of RuBP

d)

splitting of water

92.

when light excites chlorophyll,the chlorophyll molecule

a)

become onized

b)

changes to carotene

c)

becomes radioactive

d)

absords he energy and moves electrons to a hugher energy level

93.

which molecule must eneter the calvin cycle continually for the light independent reactions to take place?

a)

rubisco

b)

3- PGA

c)

CO2

d)

RUBP

94.

which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during all of photosynthesis?

a)

NADPH --> O2 ---> CO2

b)

H2O---> photosystem l ----> photosystem ll

c)

H20 ---> NADPH----> calvin cycle

d)

NADPH -----> electron transport chain -----> O2

95.
Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions?
a)
ATP
b)
NADPH
c)
Oxygen
d)
Glucose
96.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + glucose
b)
CO2 + glucose + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + glucose
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ glucose
97.
Chlorophyll absorbs _____ and _______ light from the light.
a)
purple and green
b)
red and blue
c)
black and orange
d)
yellow and green
98.
Which substance from the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis is a source of energy for the light-independent reactions?
a)
ADP
b)
H2O
c)
NADPH
d)
pyruvic acid
99.
What is the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth?
a)
glucose
b)
sunlight
c)
ATP
d)
H2O
100.
Which is not found in the chloroplast?
a)
Stroma
b)
Chlorophyll
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Thylakoid
101.
What absorbs energy from visible light?
a)
Chlorophyll
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Stroma
d)
Carbon Dioxide
102.
Which term is the part of photosynthesis when light energy is captured and transferred to a molecule, such as ATP?
a)
light- independent reactions
b)
cellular respiration
c)
light- dependent reactions
d)
 photosynthesis
103.
Which term is the part of photosynthesis when energy is used to make sugars like glucose?
a)
light- independent reactions
b)
cellular respiration
c)
light- dependent reactions
d)
 photosynthesis
104.
In a light-independent reaction, ATP and CO2 is needed to make  _____.
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
sugar 
c)
ATP
d)
chlorophyll
105.
6CO2 + 6H20 + light energy    -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
In this chemcial equation, the highlight red is called the ______. 
a)
product
b)
reactant
c)
yields
d)
production
106.
6CO2 + 6H20 + light energy    -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
In this chemcial equation, the highlight red is called the ______. 
a)
product
b)
reactant
c)
yields
d)
production
107.

Most of the ATP made during Cellular Respiration is made during which stage?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs

c)

Electron Transport Chain

d)

None of these

108.

Which type of organisms can perform Cellular Respiration?

a)

bacteria

b)

plants

c)

animals

d)

both plants and animals

109.

In the absence of oxygen, cells will do this process after performing Glycolysis to release energy

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Electron Transport Chain

c)

Kreb Cycle

d)

Fermentation

110.

What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration in the correct order?

a)

Krebs, Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain

b)

Glycolysis, Krebs, Electron Transport Chain

c)

Electron Transport Chain, Krebs, Glycolysis

111.

What is the correct equation of cellular respiration?

a)

oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water + ATP

b)

oxygen + water -> carbon dioxide + glucose + ATP

c)

carbon dioxide + water -> oxygen + glucose + ATP

112.

What organelle converts glucose into ATP?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Vesicles

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Mitochondria

113.
Where are the stomata found on the leaf?
a)
On the cuticle
b)
In the mesophyll layer
c)
On the underside of the leaf
d)
In the vascular tissue
114.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

a)

NADH and ATP

b)

oxygen and heat

c)

FADH2 and NADH

d)

CO2 and H2O

115.

Anaerobic means without ________?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Phosphorus

116.

Aerobic means with oxygen

a)

True

b)

False

117.

Match the Number with the part of the Mitochondria.

a)

Mitochondrial Matrix

b)

dna

c)

outer membrane

d)

inner membrane

e)

cristae

1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
118.
What is thylakoid?
a)
A sac-like structure that has pigments for capturing light
b)
The fluid around the columns of sac-like structures
c)
A column of sac-like structures that captures light
d)
The inner membrane of a mitochondria
119.
Which part of Cellular Respiration generates the most ATP?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Kreb's Cycle
d)
Calvin Cycle
120.
Where in the cell does the Krebs Cycle take place?
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Thylakoid
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Stroma
121.
Where in the cell does Glycolysis take place?
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Stroma
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Chloroplast
122.

What happens in ETC?

a)

Electrons flow through ATP Synthase, which makes ATP

b)

Pyruvate are stuck together, pulled apart, repeat

c)

Water breaks sugar

d)

Nothing

123.

What are reactants for ETC?

a)

Pyruvate, Oxygen

b)

Oxygen, NADH, FADH2

c)

Sugar, Water

d)

ATP

124.

What are reactants for Krebs Cycle?

a)

Pyruvate, Oxygen

b)

Oxygen, NADH, FADH2

c)

Sugar, Water

d)

ATP

125.

What happens in Krebs cycle (aka Citric Acid Cycle)?

a)

Electrons flow through ATP Synthase, which makes ATP

b)

Pyruvates are stuck together, pulled apart, repeat

c)

Water breaks sugar

d)

Nothing

126.

What happens in glycolysis?

a)

Electrons flow through ATP Synthase, which makes ATP

b)

Pyruvates are stuck together, pulled apart; this repeats again and again

c)

Water breaks sugar

d)

Nothing

127.

What is the first step?

a)

Stimulus

b)

ETC

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

Glycolysis

128.

Where does cellular respiration happen?

a)

Glucose

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Homeostasis

129.

What is NOT a part of the mitochondria

a)

The Matrix

b)

Inner membrane

c)

Cristae

d)

Thylakoid

130.
What does ATP synthase do?
a)
Create ATP in chemiosmosis.
b)
Break down ATP in chemiosmosis.
c)
Break down NADPH. 
d)
Create NADPH.
131.

saclike photosynthetic membranes stacked inside a chloroplast

a)

pigments

b)

thylakoids

c)

chlorophyll

d)

photosynthesis

132.

the first set of reactions in photosynthesis

a)

adenosine triphosphate

b)

light-dependent reaction

c)

photosystem

d)

respiration

133.

ATP one of the most important compounds that cells use to store and release energy

a)

photosynthesis

b)

light-dependent reaction

c)

adenosine triphosphate

d)

pigments

134.

the light-absorbing molecules plants use to gather the sun’s energy

a)

photosystems

b)

adenosine triphosphate

c)

glucose

d)

pigments

135.

organisms that make their own food

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

pigments

d)

adenosine triphosphate

136.

the fluid portion in a chloroplast that surround the thylakoid

a)

stroma

b)

chlorphyll

c)

photosystem

d)

pigment

137.

clusters of chlorophyll and proteins in the thylakoid membrane

a)

light-dependent reaction

b)

pigments

c)

photosystems

d)

chloroplasts

138.

the plants’ principal pigment

a)

thylakoid

b)

photosystem

c)

heterotroph

d)

chlorophyll

139.

A research scientist designs an experiment to measure the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis, by mass, for a representative plant over a certain time. The scientist’s predictions for the results are shown in the table.

The table that the scientist constructed does not include light. Describe the role of light in the scientist’s experiment. Then propose an explanation for why light was not included in the table.

a)

Light provides the energy for the chemical reactions that take place during photosynthesis, and the table includes only matter, not energy.

b)

Light provides the matter for the chemical reactions that take place during photosynthesis, and the table includes only energy, not matter.

c)

Light is a product of the chemical reactions that take place during photosynthesis, and the table includes only reactants, not products.

d)

Light plays no role in the scientist’s experiment and therefore was not included in the table.

140.

A research scientist designs an experiment to measure the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis, by mass, for a representative plant over a certain time. The scientist’s predictions for the results are shown in the table.

What is the main role of carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis?

a)

Carbon dioxide is a waste product that is released into the atmosphere.

b)

Carbon dioxide is used to assemble sugars, the main product of photosynthesis.

c)

Carbon dioxide is used to accept electrons and transfer them between photosystems.

d)

Carbon dioxide is used to transfer energy from the light-dependent reactions to the light-independent reactions.

141.

A research scientist designs an experiment to measure the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis, by mass, for a representative plant over a certain time. The scientist’s predictions for the results are shown in the table.

If the scientist’s predictions are shown to be accurate, then which conclusion about photosynthesis do they support? (HINT: Apply scientific principles such as the Law of Conservation of Mass.)

a)

All of the matter in water is converted into oxygen gas.

b)

All of the matter in carbon dioxide is converted into oxygen gas.

c)

All of the matter in carbon dioxide is converted into sugars.

d)

Some but not all of the matter in carbon dioxide is converted into sugars.

142.

In both photosystem I and photosystem II, light energy is used to excite electrons. The two photosystems were named in the order of their discovery, and not the order of their work in the light-dependent reactions. Photosystem II comes first in the sequence of events that moves electrons from water molecules to their destination, NADP+. Hydrogen ions travel with the electrons, and they combine with NADP+ to form NADPH. The process is summarized in this diagram.

The concentration of hydrogen ions is greater inside the thylakoid than outside. Which reaction releases hydrogen ions inside the thylakoid?

a)

the break-up of NADPH

b)

the formation of NADPH

c)

the break-up of water molecules

d)

the formation of water molecules

143.

In both photosystem I and photosystem II, light energy is used to excite electrons. The two photosystems were named in the order of their discovery, and not the order of their work in the light-dependent reactions. Photosystem II comes first in the sequence of events that moves electrons from water molecules to their destination, NADP+. Hydrogen ions travel with the electrons, and they combine with NADP+ to form NADPH. The process is summarized in this diagram.

In the diagram, an arrow leads from the splitting of water, to the two photosystems, and then to NADP+. What process is represented by this arrow?

a)

the formation of high-energy sugars

b)

the cycling of light energy within the photosystems

c)

the movement of electrons along the electron transport chain

d)

the conversion of electrons into sunlight

144.

The model includes a wavy arrow to show light striking the thylakoids. Which label for the wavy arrow would be MOST USEFUL for communicating the role of light in photosynthesis?

a)

Light is radiated from the chloroplast during the light-independent reactions.

b)

Light energy is cycled within the thylakoid.

c)

The chloroplast reflects the green wavelengths of light.

d)

Light is the energy source for converting ADP to ATP, and NADP+ to NADPH.

145.

To revise the model, Chandler wants to use color to identify the reactants of photosynthesis. Which labels should he color?

a)

H2O and O2

b)

O2 and CO2

c)

H2O and CO2

d)

H2O, O2, and CO2

146.

Jerry is developing the model shown to illustrate the process of photosynthesis. He plans to use the model to explain how photosynthesis transforms both energy and matter. In a key or legend for the model, how should Jerry describe the roles of NADPH and ATP in the light-independent reactions?

a)

providing the oxygen for sugar molecules

b)

providing the carbon for sugar molecules

c)

absorbing the energy of light and transferring it to electrons

d)

supplying the energy necessary to assemble sugar molecules

147.

Fred is developing a model of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle. How should the model show how carbon compounds enter and exit the cycle?

a)

enter as glucose, exit as carbon dioxide

b)

enter as glucose, exit as 3-carbon molecules

c)

enter as carbon dioxide, exit as 3-carbon molecules

d)

enter as elemental carbon, exit as 6-carbon molecules

148.

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, which event must occur for ATP synthase to function properly?

a)

Hydrogen ions must pass through a channel within ATP synthase.

b)

Molecular oxygen must combine with ATP synthase.

c)

A molecule of ATP must release a phosphate group to become ADP.

d)

Photosystem I and photosystem II must be deactivated.

149.

Which is the role of the electron transport chain in the process of photosynthesis?

a)

adding energy to the electrons that enter photosystem I

b)

carrying electrons from photosystem II, to photosystem I, to NADP+

c)

removing electrons from the chloroplast

d)

cycling electrons between photosystem I and photosystem II

150.

What best describes the roles of photosystem I and photosystem II in the process of photosynthesis?

a)

They transfer electrons from a series of intermediates to form NADPH.

b)

They absorb sunlight and transfer the energy to electrons.

c)

They form ATP as hydrogen ions cross the thylakoid membrane.

d)

They absorb sunlight and distribute the energy as heat.

151.

During photosynthesis, what best describes the role of the compound with the chemical formula C6H12O6?

a)

a product that is not useful because of its low-energy chemical bonds

b)

a product that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds

c)

a reactant that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds

d)

either a product or a reactant, depending on whether the cell needs to store energy or release energy

152.

By analyzing this equation, which property of photosynthesis can be identified?

a)

the chemical changes that occur during the light-independent reactions

b)

the chemical changes that occur during the light-dependent reactions

c)

the source of carbon atoms in the carbohydrate product

d)

the identities and roles of electron carriers

153.

What best describes the role of light in the overall process of photosynthesis?

a)

Light accepts the energy that is released by small molecules.

b)

Light accepts the energy that is released by sugars.

c)

Light provides the energy for breaking apart sugars into small molecules.

d)

Light provides the energy for assembling small molecules into sugars.

154.

Joy is describing the role of electron carriers, such as NADP+, in photosynthesis. Which property of NADP+ should Joy cite?

a)

the chemical bonds formed by electrons in its molecular structure

b)

its ability to accept and release high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion

c)

its reactivity with oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide

d)

its ability to emit a stream of electrons in a nuclear reaction

155.

Jane is asked to describe the structural organization of chloroplasts. She writes the following sentence: “A chloroplast contains thylakoid stacks, called stroma, that are surrounded by fluid-filled grana.” Which change to the sentence is necessary to make the sentence accurate?

a)

Replace “grana” with “chlorophyll.”

b)

Replace “stroma” with “chlorophyll.”

c)

Exchange the positions of “stroma” and “grana.”

d)

Exchange the positions of “thylakoid” and “stroma.”

156.

Carl is explaining why chlorophyll is classified as a plant pigment and how it is useful in photosynthesis. Which property of chlorophyll would be most appropriate for him to cite?

a)

chlorophyll’s ability to absorb light

b)

chlorophyll’s green color

c)

chlorophyll’s presence in chloroplasts

d)

chlorophyll’s reactivity with oxygen

157.
Where do the light reactions happen?
a)
mitochondria membrane
b)
thylakoid membrane
c)
stroma
d)
central vacuole
158.
What supplies the electrons that are lost in photosystem I (PSI)?
a)
the electrons from PS II
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
159.
ATP gets formed in the light dependent reaction by which process?
a)
Chemiosmosis
b)
Photosmosis
c)
Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
160.
What supplies the electron that is lost in PS II?
a)
oxygen
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
rubisco
161.
What are the two products of the light reactions that are needed for the calvin cycle?
a)
NAD and NADPH
b)
NADP + and Glucose
c)
NADPH and ATP
d)
Oxygen and NADPH
162.

Label the structures in light-dependent reactions.

a)

Thylakoid Space

b)

Photosystem I

c)

Photosystem II

d)

ATP Synthase

e)

Stroma

1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
163.

Label the diagram for photosynthesis.

a)

Carbon DIoxide

b)

NADPH

c)

ATP

d)

Sugars

e)

Oxygen

f)

Water

g)

NADP+

h)

ADP

i)

Thylakoid Membrane

j)

Stroma

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
164.

During which phase of photosynthesis is glucose actually made?

a)

1st phase - the light reactions

b)

2nd phase - the Calvin Cycle

c)

both the 1st and 2nd phases

165.

For chemiosmosis to work there needs to be a H+ concentration gradient. How is this gradient made? (Check all that apply.)

a)

H+ come from the ATP molecule.

b)

The Calvin Cycle regenerates the H+.

c)

H+ come from the splitting of water.

d)

The H+ get pumped against the gradient using energy from the electrons in the electron transport chain during the light reactions.

166.

Why is light needed for photosynthesis?

a)

Light causes glucose to be synthesized directly inside the chlorophyll molecules of the photosystems.

b)

Light splits water molecules and causes electrons to get excited (gain energy) and travel down the electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane.

c)

Light causes the conversion of water into carbon dioxide, oxygen, and electrons and energizes chemiosmosis.

d)

Light directly causes carbon dioxide to attach to RuBP during the carbon fixation stage of the Calvin Cycle.

167.

Where in the chloroplast does the Calvin Cycle take place?

a)

thylakoids

b)

matrix

c)

stroma

d)

nucleus

168.

Chemiosmosis makes

a)

NADPH for the Calvin Cycle.

b)

ATP for the Calvin Cycle.

c)

Both NADPH and ATP for the Calvin Cycle.

d)

ATP for the electron transport chain.

169.
What is the function of NADP+?
a)
It absorbs light
b)
It is an electron carrier
c)
It is a light-reflecting pigment
d)
It acts as long-term energy storage
170.
The energy required to pump H+ ions into the H ion reservoir comes from the _____________
a)
ATP molecules
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Light 
d)
Thylakoid Membrane
171.
What supplies the electrons that are lost in photosystem I (PSI)?
a)
the electrons from PS II
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
172.
What happens to the O2 created in the light phase?
a)
Is transferred to the Calvin Cycle
b)
Donates its electrons to the Chlorophyll molecules
c)
Provides a carbon to form the unstable 6-carbon molecule
d)
Diffuses out through the stoma
173.
What does ATP synthase do?
a)
Create ATP in chemiosmosis.
b)
Break down ATP in chemiosmosis.
c)
Break down NADPH. 
d)
Create NADPH.
174.
What supplies the electron that is lost in PS II?
a)
oxygen
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
rubisco
175.

What part of the plant cell performs photosynthesis?

a)

The Mitochondrion

b)

The Nucleus

c)

The Chloroplast

d)

The Cell Wall

176.
Where do the light reactions happen?
a)
mitochondria membrane
b)
thylakoid membrane
c)
stroma
d)
central vacuole
177.

An enzyme that has a channel through which the H+ flows back out of the thylakoids.

a)

ATP synthase

b)

ADP catalazye

c)

thylakoidase

d)

photosystems

178.
During which reaction of photosynthesis is water split to replace the electrons on chlorophyll?
a)
Light Dependent
b)
Light Independent
c)
Calvin Cycle
d)
Krebs Cycle
179.
The energy required to pump H+ ions into the H ion reservoir comes from the _____________
a)
ATP molecules
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Light 
d)
Thylakoid Membrane
180.
Adenosine Triphosphate is created after an H+ passes through ____________. 
a)
The Stroma
b)
ATP Synthase 
c)
The Calvin Cycle
d)
The electron transport chain
181.
After reaching an excited state, electrons jump from the chlorophyll molecules to the __________.
a)
Stroma
b)
Electron transport chain
c)
Photosystem 2
d)
H+ ion reservoir 
182.
In order to efficiently create 1 glucose molecule, the Calvin Cycle must occur how many times?
a)
3
b)
6
c)
1
d)
12
183.

Which of the following is NOT a reactant of the light independent reactions?

a)

NADPH

b)

ATP

c)

Oxygen

d)

Carbon dioxide

184.

What happens to the remaining (5) G3P molecules in the last step of the Calvin Cycle?

a)

They are used to make glucose.

b)

They are reshuffled to make CO2 by adding ATP.

c)

They exit the cycle.

d)

They are reshuffled to make RuBP by adding ATP.

185.

What happens to NADPH and ATP after they are used in the Calvin Cycle?

a)

they recycle back to the light reactions

b)

they are used to make G3P

c)

They become denatured

d)

They are then digested by the lysosomes

186.
How many G3P molecules make one molecule of glucose? 
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
187.

What does carbon dioxide combine with to start the Calvin Cycle?

a)

NADPH

b)

ATP

c)

RuBP

d)

G3P

188.

Which of the following would have an affect on the rate of photosynthesis?

a)

amount of water

b)

carbon dioxide concentration

c)

temperature

d)

all of these

189.

Temperatures that are too high can slow photosynthesis because

a)

stomata stay open

b)

enzymes are ruined

c)

there is not enough CO2

d)

there is too much water

190.

The following are parts of the chloroplast:

a)

stomata -- tiny pores that allow for gas exchange

b)

granum -- stacks of thylakoids

c)

stroma -- colorless fluid surrounding the thylakoid

d)

chlorophyll -- light absorbing pigment

191.

What is the first stage of the Calvin Cycle?

a)

Carbon fixation

b)

Reduction

c)

Regeneration of RUBP

d)

Primary

192.

What is the second stage of the Calvin Cycle?

a)

Carbon fixation

b)

Reduction

c)

Regeneration of RUBP

d)

Secondary

193.
Which of the following molecules is not needed for the Calvin Cycle?
a)
CO2
b)
ATP
c)
NADPH
d)
H2O
194.
The CO2 used in the Calvin Cycle originates from ___________.
a)
The light phase
b)
The breakdown of the remaining G3P's
c)
Diffusion through the stoma
d)
Lumen of the Thylakoid
195.
In order to efficiently create 1 glucose molecule, the Calvin Cycle must occur how many times?
a)
3
b)
6
c)
1
d)
12
196.

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the

a)

Thylakoid

b)

Grana

c)

Inner membrane of chloroplast

d)

Stroma

197.

Main products of the Calvin Cycle

a)

Oxygen, NADP+, ADP

b)

Glucose, CO2, ADP

c)

ADP, NADP+, Glucose

d)

ATP, NADPH, Oxygen

198.

5 carbon sugar that combines with CO2 in the Calvin Cycle

a)

3-PGA

b)

G3P

c)

RuBP

d)

Glucose

199.

CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they

a)

fix CO2 into organic acids during the night.

b)

fix CO2 into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells.

c)

fix CO2 into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells.

d)

use photosystem I and photosystem II at night.

200.

Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?

a)

They do not participate in the Calvin cycle.

b)

They use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO2.

c)

They conserve water more efficiently.

d)

They exclude oxygen from their tissues.

201.

What would be the expected effect on plants if the atmospheric CO2 concentration was doubled?

a)

All plants will experience increased rates of photosynthesis.

b)

C3 plants will have faster growth; C4 plants will be minimally affected.

c)

C4 plants will have faster growth; C3 plants will be minimally affected.

d)

C3 plants will have faster growth; C4 plants will have slower growth.

202.

The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured, as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell. Which, if any, relationship would you expect to find?

a)

The pH within the thylakoid is less than that of the stroma.

b)

The pH of the stroma is lower than that of the other two measurements.

c)

The pH of the stroma is higher than that of the thylakoid space but lower than that of the cytosol.

d)

The pH of the thylakoid space is higher than that anywhere else in the cell.

203.

A flask containing photosynthetic green algae and a control flask containing water with no algae are both placed under a bank of lights, which are set to cycle between 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark. The dissolved oxygen concentrations in both flasks are monitored. Predict what the relative dissolved oxygen concentrations will be in the flask with algae compared to the control flask.

a)

The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will be higher in the light, but the same in the dark.

b)

The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will be higher in the light, but lower in the dark.

c)

The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will always be higher.

d)

The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will always be lower.

204.

Label the 3 stages of cellular respiration occue

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Kreb Cycle

c)

Electron Transport Chain

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
205.

ATP is made in the second light reaction calledchemiosmosis by

a)

adding H+ and electrons to NADP+.

b)

adding H+ and electrons to ADP.

c)

adding a phosphate to ADP.

d)

adding a phosphate to NADP+.

206.

Chloroplasts are...

a)

Organelles in animal cells to produce ATP.

b)

Organelles where lipids are made in animals.

c)

Organelles in plants where food is made.

d)

Waste organelle in plants.

207.

Where in the chloroplast does the Calvin Cycle take place?

a)

thylakoids

b)

matrix

c)

stroma

d)

nucleus

208.

Which are the correct names for the steps of the Calvin Cycle?

a)

Step 1: carbon reduction

Step 2: carbon fixation

Step 3: regeneration of carbon

b)

Step 1: regeneration of RuBP

Step 2: carbon reduction

Step 3: carbon fixation

c)

Step 1: carbon fixation

Step 2: carbon reduction

Step 3: regeneration of RuBP

209.

Why is light needed for photosynthesis?

a)

Light causes glucose to be synthesized directly inside the chlorophyll molecules of the photosystems.

b)

Light splits water molecules and causes electrons to get excited (gain energy) and travel down the electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane.

c)

Light causes the conversion of water into carbon dioxide, oxygen, and electrons and energizes chemiosmosis.

d)

Light directly causes carbon dioxide to attach to RuBP during the carbon fixation stage of the Calvin Cycle.

210.

In the picture of the chloroplast, structure #2 is

a)

stroma - the fluid part of the chloroplast

b)

thylakoids - the saclike structures in the chloroplast

c)

outer membrane of the chloroplast

211.

In this picture of the chloroplast, the structure labeled 1 is:

a)

stroma - the fluid part of the chloroplast

b)

a thylakoid - a saclike structures in the chloroplast

c)

grana - stacks of thylakoids

212.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
6CO2 + 6H2O + light --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
b)
6CO2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O --> light + O2 
c)
6O2 + 6H2O + light --> 6CO2 + C6H12O6
d)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + light ---> 6H2O + 6CO2 
213.

The Calvin Cycle is the __________ phase of photosynthesis.

a)

light independent

b)

light dependent

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