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Unit 2, LC 2 Test Review

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Finding fossils of coral along a highway is evidence that

a)

the road was once underwater

b)

coral used to live on land

c)

in the past, the area was underwater

d)

coral was used to build the road

2.

Fossils can be used to

a)

identify past environments

b)

identify past geologic events

c)

identify past climates

d)

all of the above

3.

Homologous Structures help us to understand that

a)

Many species are no longer alive.

b)

Some species share a common ancestor

c)

All organisms share similar bones.

4.

The data in the diagram is evidence that —

a)

a new species of horse suddenly appeared

b)

horses slowly developed over time

c)

horses have similar stages of rapid embryological development

d)

horses have a common ancestry with other hooved animals

5.

These limbs provide evidence of common ancestry because they —

a)

have the same basic structure

b)

perform the same function

c)

are the same size

d)

are parts of mammals

6.

The fact that both these mammals incubate their immature offspring in a pouch provides evidence that they —

a)

belong to the same species

b)

must range great distances to eat

c)

have very similar skeletal structures

d)

are descended from a common ancestor

7.

Which statement is best supported by the observable structures of the different humerus

a)

The primates lived in similar environments.

b)

The primates shared a common ancestor.

c)

The primates interbreed with similar organisms in a population.

d)

The primates had diets that consisted of similar types of foods.

8.
The similarities among early stages of the embryos provide evidence that -
a)
these organisms evolved from a common ancestor
b)
the organisms all retained their gills and tails
c)
the organisms belong to the same species
9.
The picture shows the members of the Camelidae family. The physical features and the geographical origin of these animals provide evidence that - 
a)
they live in the same type of environment.
b)
have slowly evolved to become herbivores.
c)
have a common ancestor.
d)
exchanged DNA in the past.
10.
Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?
a)
biogeography
b)
fossil record
c)
anatomical homology
11.

What are the different types of evidence for evolution?

a)

fossils

b)

DNA similarities

c)

similarities in embryos

d)

similarities in anatomy

e)

all of the above

12.

complex life forms are in the newest rocks.

a)

true

b)

false

13.

3. What type of animal does the fossil in the picture look like?

a)
b)
c)
d)
14.

6. If a fern fossil is found in a rock layer lower than a fossil of a small fish, the fern is probably older.

a)

true

b)

false

15.

9. A fossil with fins shows that the animal most likely could _____.

a)

walk

b)

fly

c)

move through water

d)

et meat

16.

Homologous structures

a)

b)

17.

Same/Similar structures

a)

Homologous Structures

b)

Analogous Structures

c)

Molecular Structures

d)

Embryonic Homologous

18.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
19.
The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram? 
a)
The organisms share a common ancestry.
b)
The organisms belong to the same genus.
c)
The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
d)
The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.
20.

The pelvic bone of whales is not needed for movement within the water. This is an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

a)

vestigial

b)

analogous

c)

homologous

21.
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)
a)
close relative
b)
early ancestor
c)
unrelated organism
d)
embryological stage
22.

What has the fossil record shown scientists?

a)

There are many similarities between species.

b)

Modern animals have been on Earth for years.

c)

Mammals have been around for the longest amount of time.

d)

Groups of animals have always been different.

23.

How do fossils support the idea that living things evolved over time?

a)

Simple life forms are in the oldest rocks.

b)

Simple life forms are in the newest rocks.

c)

Fossils do not support the theory of evolution.

d)

Complex life forms are in the oldest rocks.

24.

In its earliest stage of development, an organism is called a(n) _______________.

a)

embryo

b)

vestige

c)

vertebrate

d)

digit

25.

Homologous structures are derived from a body part of a (a)   ancestor.

26.

______________ means serving little or no useful purpose.

a)

Homologous

b)

Vestigial

c)

Pharyngeal

d)

Analogous

27.

This image shows the early embryonic development of three organisms. The striking similarities of the three organisms shown indicate -

a)

the three organisms all contain a mutated sequence of DNA.

b)

the three organisms are all the same species.

c)

the three organisms are closely related.

d)

the three organisms most likely share a common ancestor.

28.

Though the leaves of flowers and cacti appear very different, their leaves are homologous because -

a)

the basic function is different as well.

b)

they have a similar basic structure.

c)

the leaves fall from both plants.

d)

they serve no useful purpose.

29.

What is comparative anatomy?

a)

The science dealing with the structure of animals and plants

b)

The science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena

c)

The study of the functions and activities of living organisms and their parts, including all physical and chemical processes

d)

The study of evolutionary relationships between homologous structures

30.

Embryonic development in some organisms looks very similar. Many scientists believe these similarities indicate -

a)

that the organism may share a common ancestor.

b)

that the organisms share homologous chromosomes.

c)

that the organisms have analogous structures.

d)

that no evolution has occurred.

31.

_________________ structures are structures that do not show common ancestry even though they might be superficially similar.

a)

Homologous

b)

Mutated

c)

Vestigial

d)

Analogous

32.
  If two organisms have the same structures (even if they have a different function ex: leg bones of various mammals), it is considered _________________, but if they have different structures that perform the same function (ex: wings of birds and butterflies), it is considered ____________________.
a)
Analogous; Homologous
b)
b. Helpful; Harmful
c)
c. Homologous; Analogous
d)
d. Harmful; Helpful
33.
Using the Data Table 1, which organism is least related to rabbits?
a)
Fly
b)
Bat
c)
Tree
d)
Bacterium
34.

The ___________ states that older rocks are in deeper layers and rock layers on the top are younger.

a)

Law of Conservation

b)

Law of Old Rocks

c)

Law of Superposition

d)

Law of Young Rocks

35.

Wisdom teeth is an example of ________________________.

a)

Homologous structures

b)

Vestigial structures

c)

Analogous structures

36.
The Galapagos Islands, a small group of islands off the coast of Ecuador, is home to reptiles such as the giant tortoise and the iguana. The eastern islands are much older than the islands to the west.  Which statement about the origin of these reptiles is best supported by this information?
a)
The ancestor of each species came from different continents at different times.
b)
The common ancestors of the reptiles probably came from Equador.
c)
The common ancestor of each species evolved in Peru and came to the islands at the same time.
37.

Which statement provides the best evidence that Ambulocetus natans is an ancestor of Basilosaurus isis?

a)

Homologous structures occur in each fossil.

b)

Similar nitrogenous bases are found in the DNA of each fossil.

c)

The fossils were found in different locations.

d)

The youngest fossil is larger than the older fossils.

38.
Another word for specific parts that form an organ, system, or living thing is __________.
a)
structure.
b)
vertebrae.
c)
forelimb.
d)
organism.
39.
A change in the inherited characteristics of an organism over time is ________
a)
evolution.
b)
development.
c)
growth.
d)
ancestry.
40.
In stage one (top row) of these embryos, most of the embryos________
a)
look very similar.
b)
have very different features.
c)
show different stages of development.
d)
have only a tail if they are non-human.
41.
In stage 2 (middle row) fish embryos _________
a)
are very different bird and mammal embryos.
b)
are still very similar to bird and mammal embryos.
c)
show arm and leg buds.
d)
are the only embryos with tails.
42.
In the the third embryonic stage (bottom row), mammal embryos _____
a)
have more characteristics in common with each other than with reptiles or birds.
b)
are still hard to tell from reptiles and birds.
c)
have the same features as fish, reptiles, and birds.
d)
do not have tails.
43.
Ostrich wings are examples of
a)
homologous structures
b)
vestigial structures
c)
adaptations
d)
traits
44.
Dolphins have the same arm structure as wolfs, what type of evidence for evolution does this represent?
a)
DNA
b)
vestigial structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
embryology
45.
Why do embryologist study embryos?
a)
to see if they are related
b)
to understand adaptations
c)
to determine the age
d)
to learn what parents are vestigial
46.
Change over time is
a)
evolution
b)
generation
c)
growth
d)
biogenesis
47.

What type of evidence is shown in the image above?

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial structures

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

DNA

48.

body parts in organisms that have the same functions, but have different structures

a)

analagous structures

b)

homologous structures

c)

vestigal structures

49.

What is equivalent structures in different organisms that do not come from a common ancestor, but perform the same function?

a)

Analogous Structures

b)

Homologous Structures

c)

Vestigial Structures

d)

Dichotomous Key

50.
What is a useless structure called?
a)
homologous
b)
vestigial
c)
adaptation
d)
variation
51.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
fossil record
c)
homologous structures
d)
embryology
52.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to: 
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
53.

How can evolutionary relationships among organisms be determined by comparing embryonic development?

a)

Embryos retrace their ancestral stages during embryonic development.

b)

Embryos of more closely related organisms show greater similarities in development.

c)

Embryos that develop inside eggs lack similarities to placental mammals.

d)

Both fish and humans have a two chambered heart in an early stage of development.

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