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Psych 1 Review #1

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 1hrs 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the memory process that locates stored information and returns it to consciousness?

a)

Retrieval

b)

Storage

c)

Encoding

d)

Interference

2.

The average person can hold in short-term memory a list of

a)

20 items

b)

7 items

c)

10 items

d)

5 items

3.

This question is an example of what kind of retrieval process

a)

Recall

b)

Recognition

c)

Relearning

d)

Reiteration

4.

Elvis Guitar Broke Down Friday helps me remember the order of musical notes. This is an example of

a)

The method of loci

b)

Spark Notes

c)

Cornell Notes

d)

Mnemonic Device

5.

Method used to increase the amount of information one can hold in their short-term memory

a)

Chunking

b)

Gapping

c)

Method of Groups

d)

The undertaker method

6.

Chunking, mnemonics, and rehearsal are all ways of _______ information

a)

Relearning

b)

Priming

c)

Encoding

d)

Retrieving

7.

What part of the brain controls your ability to make new memories?

a)

Hippocampus

b)

Thalamus

c)

Cerebral Cortex

d)

Amygdala

8.

I can remember my wedding day vividly because of the strong emotional connection. This is an example of a

a)

Semantic Memory

b)

Generic Memory

c)

Flashbulb memory

d)

Procedural Memory

9.

When I studied for the test I was in a great mode. Right before the test I got in a fight with my bestie. I struggled to remember the information because of

a)

State-Dependent Memory

b)

Context-Dependent Memory

c)

Echoic Memory

d)

Sensory Memory

10.

When I studied for the test I was in a dimly lit room with music blaring. On the day of the test, I couldn't remember anything because the test was given in a bright and quiet lecture hall. This is most likely because of

a)

State-Dependent Memory

b)

Context-Dependent Memory

c)

Echoic Memory

d)

Sensory Memory

11.

The ability to remember the last items on a list is because of

a)

Sensory Memory

b)

Primary Effect

c)

Visual Effect

d)

Recency Effect

12.

The ability to remember the first items on a list is because of

a)

Sensory Memory

b)

Primary Effect

c)

Visual Effect

d)

Recency Effect

13.

I keep repeating my locker combo until I get there so I don't forget it after I leave the office. This is to prevent

a)

Decay

b)

Construction

c)

Deductive Interference

d)

Proactive Interference

14.

Information in your short term memory last for

a)

Several Hours

b)

Several Minutes

c)

Several Seconds

d)

Several Days

15.

Yesterday I rode my bike to my grandma's house because it was her birthday. When I got there we had cake. What part of this story is the Procedural Memory?

a)

Riding my Bike

b)

Knowing it was my grandma's birthday

c)

Remembering we had cake

16.

If I want to know something for a long time I need to

a)

Store it as echoes

b)

Store it as icons

c)

Transferred from short term memory to long term memory

d)

Moved from short term memory to sensory memory

17.

The process by which information is maintained over time is called:

a)

rehearsal

b)

encoding

c)

storage

d)

retrieval

18.

All of the following are stages of memory EXCEPT:

a)

mnemonic memory

b)

sensory memory

c)

working memory

d)

long-term memory

19.

During first block psychology, you study for your third block government quiz. During second block biology, you learn a bunch of new stuff about cells. When you get to government you seem to have forgotten everything you reviewed in psychology class. This is likely due to:

a)

repression

b)

decay

c)

interference

d)

amnesia

20.
Information goes into our long term memory through:
a)
Attention
b)
Rehearsal
c)
Retrieval
d)
Semantic
21.

Memory that is automatic, like walking.

a)

Explicit Memory

b)

Sensation Memory

c)

Working Memory

d)

Implicit Memory

22.

Activated memory that holds a few items briefly (such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing) before the information is stored or forgotten

a)

Sensory Memory

b)

Long-term Memory

c)

Short-term Memory

d)

Active Forgetting

23.

Literally "without memory"- a loss of memory, often due to brain trauma, injury, or disease

a)

Propecia

b)

Amnesia

c)

Rhodesia

d)

Synthesia

24.

Type of explicit long-term memory of specific experiences or events, linked to time and place. Episodes of your life.

a)

Semantic

b)

Episodic

c)

Procedural

25.

Type of explicit long-term memory of general factual knowledge, social customs, and language; everyone has access to this information

a)

Semantic

b)

Episodic

c)

Procedural

26.
Iconic memory refers to
a)
visually encoded images in long-term memory
b)
the encoded meanings of words and events in short-term memory
c)
photographic, or picture-image, memory that lasts for only a few tenths of a secon
27.

Memory that has been processed with attention and can be consciously recalled. Consciously remembered behaviors.

a)

Explicit memory

b)

implicit memory

28.

A memory that was not deliberately learned or which you have no conscious awareness. Memories that are remembered without any conscious effort to be remembered.

a)

Explicit memory

b)

implicit memory

29.
The human capacity for storing long-term memories is
a)
roughly equal to seven units of information
b)
enhanced through hypnosis
c)
essentially unlimited
d)
typically much greater in young children than in adults
30.
The three types of long term memory are:
a)
Episodic, visual, procedural
b)
Visual, semantic, procedural
c)
Recognition, acoustic, episodic
d)
Episodic, semantic, procedural
31.
The three stages of the memory process (in the correct order) are:
a)
Encoding, retrieval, storage
b)
Visual encoding, acoustic encoding, retrieval
c)
Encoding, storage, retrieval
d)
Encoding, recognition, retrieval
32.

Behavior is driven by unconscious forces we do not understand and are not aware of.

a)

Psychodynamic

b)

Cognitive

c)

Humanistic

d)

Evolutionary

33.

Personality development is determined by unconscious experiences in very early childhood, so early that we often don’t remember.

a)

Psychodynamic

b)

Social Cultural

c)

Neuroscience

d)

Humansitic

34.

Sigmund Freud developed this psychological perspective.

a)

Psychodynamic

b)

Social Cultural

c)

Evolutionary

d)

Cognitive

35.

This perspective compares the mind to a computer.

a)

Cognitive

b)

Behavioral

c)

Psychodynamic

d)

Neuroscience

36.

This type of psychologist would focus on how information is learned and remembered.

a)

Cognitive

b)

Behavioral

c)

Humanistic

d)

Neuroscience

37.

This perspective focuses on problem-solving, memory, and language development.

a)

Cognitive

b)

Behavioral

c)

Humanistic

d)

Neuroscience

38.

Humans are innately good and strive to reach their full potential.

a)

Cognitive

b)

Behavioral

c)

Humanistic

d)

Neuroscience

39.

Maslow’s pyramid states we must feel safe before we can feel love.

a)

Psychodynamic

b)

Behavioral

c)

Humanistic

d)

Evolutionary

40.

Individuals need empathy, unconditional positive regard, and acceptance in order to grow into their best selves.

a)

Humanistic

b)

Neuroscience

c)

Psychodynamic

d)

Behavioral

41.

This approach focuses on how the environment shapes us.

a)

Social Cultural

b)

Neuroscience

c)

Psychodynamic

d)

Behavioral

42.

Your family, friends, and the environment you grew up in play a major role in who you are today.

a)

Social Cultural

b)

Evolutionary

c)

Psychodynamic

d)

Behavioral

43.

People living in different countries often have different customs. Studying these behaviors would fall under which perspective?

a)

Social Cultural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Humanistic

d)

Psychodynamic

44.

Psychology should be the scientific study of behavior which is observable and measurable.

a)

Social Cultural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Humanistic

d)

Psychodynamic

45.

Behavior is influenced by the effects of reinforcements and punishments.

a)

Social Cultural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Neuroscience

d)

Psychodynamic

46.

A child learns to fear white rats. This would fall under which perspective?

a)

Behavioral

b)

Evolutionary

c)

Neuroscience

d)

Humanistic

47.

Human behavior is a result of survival of the fittest.

a)

Behavioral

b)

Evolutionary

c)

Neuroscience

d)

Humanistic

48.

Traits that helped your ancestors survive centuries ago have been been passed on to you.

a)

Behavioral

b)

Evolutionary

c)

Humanistic

d)

Psychodynamic

49.

Charles Darwin is most associated with which perspective?

a)

Neuroscience

b)

Evolutionary

c)

Cognitive

d)

Psychodynamic

50.

Variance in levels of pain tolerance is most directly influenced by endorphins and neurochemicals.

a)

Neuroscience

b)

Evolutionary

c)

Cognitive

d)

Psychodynamic

51.

Your brain, body, and genes make you who you are.

a)

Evolutionary

b)

Neuroscience

c)

Humanistic

d)

Psychodynamic

52.

This perspective is also known as the biological perspective.

a)

Neuroscience

b)

Evolutionary

c)

Behavioral

d)

Humanistic

53.

Psychology is defined as the ​ ​ (a)   study of ​ (b)   and ​ (c)   processes.

Choose from the below words
scientific
behavior
mental
54.

Who established the first psychology lab at the University of Leipzig, Germany?

a)

G. Stanley Hall

b)

William Wundt

c)

Francis Bacon

d)

Sigmund Freund

55.

Who influenced functionalism through their work on natural selection?

a)

Margaret Washburn

b)

Mary Calkins

c)

Edward Titchener

d)

Charles Darwin

56.

The goals of Psychology are

a)

to study mental processing and behavior.

b)

Describe, explain, predict and modify behavior

c)

similar to the goals of sociology and other humanities courses.

d)

best described in chapter two of our textbook.

57.

Who is the founder of psychoanalysis?

a)

Sigmund Freud

b)

Abraham Maslow

c)

Ivan Pavlov

d)

B.F. Skinner

58.

Psychiatrists differ from psychologists in that they

a)

Help people cope with challenges and crisis

b)

conduct research

c)

are medical doctors licensed to prescribe medicine

d)

explore how we view and affect one another

59.

Who is considered the father of American Psychology? (He wrote the 1st Psych textbook & gave the first psych lecture at Harvard University.)

a)

Abraham Maslow

b)

Sigmund Freud

c)

Wilhelm Wundt

d)

William James

60.

The " Nurture" aspect of behavior focuses on

a)

Genetic traits that shape behavior

b)

How our environment after birth influences behavior

c)

How parenting styles affect behavior

d)

None of the above

61.

Which theory of behavior believes that we think and perceive in whole units rather than the parts?

a)

Introspection

b)

Gestalt

c)

Structuralism

d)

Functionalism

62.

The debate on the relative contributions of biology and experience to human development is most often referred to as:

a)

a. behaviorism

b)

natural selection

c)

nature vs. nurture debate

d)

stability vs. change

63.

Which of Freud's concept of personality does this best describe? Works on the pleasure principle, avoids pain and receives instant gratification.

a)

Id

b)

Ego

c)

Superego

64.

Our ego protects us from threatening thoughts in our unconscious is by using

(a)  

65.

What does 'self-actualization' mean?

a)

to find love

b)

to have security

c)

to reach one's full potential

d)

to meet the basic need (optional)

66.

Tests like the Rorschach Inkblot test and the TAT are examples of what

a)

Free association

b)

Personality inventories

c)

Projective tests

d)

Dream therapy

67.

The patterns of feelings, motives, and behavior that set people apart from one another.

a)

Trait

b)

Ego

c)

Personality

d)

Id

68.

Id is the pleasure principle

a)

True

b)

False

69.

Who developed the psychoanalytic theory which involved the id, ego and superego?

a)

BF Skinner

b)

Erik Erikson

c)

Lev Vygotsky

d)

Sigmund Freud

70.

A hungry baby crying until he was fed is an example of what?

a)

Id

b)

Ego

c)

Superego

d)

Superid

71.

Which plays the reality principle?

a)

Id

b)

Ego

c)

Superego

d)

Superid

72.

Which personality plays the morality principle?

a)

Id

b)

Ego

c)

Superego

d)

Superid

73.

The "Id" is described as which part of your human personality?

a)

Based on morals and judgments about  right and wrong

b)

Needing to look good

c)

Dealing with reality

d)

Instant gratification

74.

This is the part of the mind that holds what you are aware of.

a)

conscious

b)

preconscious

c)

unconscious

d)

anconscious

75.

According to Freud, this part of the mind was not directly accessible to awareness and was considered as the dump box.

a)

conscious

b)

preconscious

c)

unconscious

d)

anconscious

76.

Refusal to accept reality is what?

a)

Projection

b)

Compensation

c)

Denial

d)

Regression

77.
Read the following description and select the defense mechanism it describes:

When you use this defense mechanism, you may kick your dog because you are angry at your parents. 
a)
Projection
b)
Repression
c)
Displacement
d)
Rationalization
78.

A person shifts the blame and/or responsibility for his/her actions or thoughts to another person?

a)

Projection

b)

Compensation

c)

Regression

d)

Repression

79.

An attempt to justify one’s actions with an excuse rather than by admitting one’s failure or mistake?

a)

Denial

b)

Repression

c)

Regression

d)

Rationalization

80.

Retreating to an earlier time that seems less threatening and requires less responsibility?

a)

Regression

b)

Rationalization

c)

Repression

d)

Compensation

81.
Lucas really hates his girlfriend's ex-boyfriend, but when he sees him at the basketball court he pretends they are bros. 
a)
reaction formation
b)
denial
c)
displacement
d)
projection
82.
Reverting back to immature behavior from an earlier stage of development
a)
Repression
b)
Regression
c)
Sublimation
d)
Displacement
83.
The expression of an emotion that is the opposite of what you truly feel.
a)
Reaction formation
b)
Regression
c)
Sublimation
d)
Displacement
84.
Mrs. Scott can’t understand why her husband has been so grumpy and irritable for the past week. It certainly isn’t her fault that he didn’t get to play in last weeks basketball game. 
a)
denial
b)
displacement 
c)
sublimatin
d)
reaction formation
85.

What does the acronym OCEAN stand for in personality science?

a)

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

b)

Organization, Confidence, Energy, Assertiveness, Nurturing

c)

Optimism, Curiosity, Empathy, Assertiveness, Nurturing

d)

Observation, Creativity, Empathy, Adaptability, Nonconformity

86.

During a basketball game, the coach is recognized for proposing innovative strategies and sometimes unconventional plays. Which personality trait is associated with being audacious and occasionally odd?

a)

Conscientiousness

b)

Openness to experience

c)

Agreeableness

d)

Extroversion

87.

Which personality trait is most associated with a preference for routine and resistance to change?

a)

Neuroticism

b)

Openness to experience

c)

Conscientiousness

d)

Agreeableness

88.
any pattern of behavior that causes distress, them to harm others, or harms ability to function in daily life
a)
psychological disorder
b)
comorbidity
c)
medical model
d)
psychopathology
89.
anything that does not allow a person to function within or adapt to the stresses and everyday demands of life
a)
psychological disorder
b)
maladaptive
c)
comorbidity
d)
medical model
90.
distressing, persistent anxiety that interferes with daily activities
a)
maladaptive
b)
anxiety
c)
psychological disorder
d)
comorbidity
91.
individual becoming split off from their core sense of self
a)
neurodevelopmental
b)
somatic sypmtom
c)
dissociative
d)
DSM
92.
irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and a loss of contact with reality
a)
psychotic
b)
dissociative
c)
neurodevelopmental
d)
somatic symptom
93.
legal term used to argue that a mentally ill person should not be held responsible for a crime
a)
personality
b)
insanity
c)
anxiety
d)
maladaptive
94.
manual of psychological disorders and their symptoms
a)
obsessive-compulsive
b)
stigma
c)
DSM
d)
insanity
95.
persistent, rigid, and maladaptive patterns of behavior that interfere with normal social interactions
a)
personality
b)
anxiety
c)
maladaptive
d)
psychological disorder
96.
unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both
a)
obsessive-compulsive
b)
stigma
c)
insanity
d)
personality
97.
In classical conditioning, the UR:
a)
happens after the CR
b)
is the response to the CS.
c)
is the response to the US
d)
triggers the US to occur.
98.
The conditioned stimulus (CS):
a)
is the response to the US.
b)
is originally the neutral stimulus that gains the power to cause the CR.
c)
triggers an unconditioned response reflexively or automatically when the CR happens.
d)
is what triggers the US to occur.
99.
Who taught dogs to salivate when they heard a bell?
a)
John B. Watson
b)
B.F. Skinner
c)
Ivan Pavlov
d)
Edward L. Thorndike
100.
Having to earn 3 gold stars in order to get an item from the class treasure chest is an example of a _______________ schedule of reinforcement.
a)
fixed ratio
b)
variable ratio
c)
fixed interval
d)
variable interval
101.
Having to remain quiet for 10 minutes before you are allowed to go back out and play is a 
a)
fixed ratio
b)
variable ratio
c)
fixed interval
d)
variable interval
102.
Slot machines are an example of ____ schedule of reinforcement. (You don't know how many attempts it will take)
a)
fixed ratio
b)
variable ratio
c)
fixed interval
d)
variable interval
103.
A student does every homework assignment even though the teacher does not always collect the assignments.  This is an example of 
a)
fixed ratio
b)
variable ratio
c)
fixed interval
d)
variable interval
104.
Your parents will lift your being grounded as soon as you have finished all your chores.  This is an example of 
a)
positive reinforcement
b)
negative reinforcement
c)
aversive control
105.
Your allowance for doing your chores at home is an example of
a)
positive reinforcement
b)
negative reinforcement
c)
aversive control
106.

A stimulus that has absolutely no meaning to an individual initially is called a

a)

conditioned stimulus

b)

neutral stimulus

c)

unconditioned stimulus

d)

no answer is correct

107.
Which of the following would be a secondary reinforcer for a rat?
a)
 The opportunity to escape a shock by pressing a lever
b)
Food
c)
Water
d)

Shelter

108.
A rat getting food for pressing a lever
a)
Positive Reinforcement
b)
Negative Reinforcement
c)
Positive Punishment
d)
Negative Punishment
109.
Using an umbrella when it's raining
a)
Positive Reinforcement
b)
Negative Reinforcement
c)
Positive Punishment
d)
Negative Punishment
110.
Receiving praise after a musical performance
a)
Positive Reinforcement
b)
Negative Reinforcement
c)
Positive Punishment
d)
Negative Punishment