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Biology Fall Semester Exam Review

Total questions: 180

Worksheet time: 10hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Has membrane bound organelles
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
2.
One example of a prokaryote is a...
a)
fungus
b)
bacteria
c)
animal
d)
plant
3.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
4.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
5.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
6.
Where is the DNA found in a prokaryotic cell? 
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm 
b)
in the nucleus 
c)
in the ribosomes
d)
attached to the cell membrane
7.
Where is the DNA found in a eukaryotic cell? 
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm 
b)
in the nucleus 
8.
Which has a chloroplast?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Plant Cell
c)
Animal Cell
9.
DNA is a single strand and circular in shape
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
10.
Typically are multicellular
a)
Eukaryote
b)
Prokaryote
11.
Include kingdoms: Protist, Animal, Fungi, and Plant
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
12.
Only contain structures like ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell wall, flagella, and DNA
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
13.
Made up of one cell
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
14.
DNA is double stranded (in a double-helix shape)
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
15.
Which organelle belongs in plant cells only?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
16.
Which organelle belongs in plant cells only?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Nucleus
17.
Which organelle belongs in plant cells only?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Large Central Vacuole
d)
Cell Membrane
18.
Which organelle belongs in both plant and animal cells?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Large Central Vacuole
d)
Cell Wall
19.
Which organelle belongs in both plant and animal cells?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Large Central Vacuole
d)
Cell Wall
20.
Which organelle belongs in both plant and animal cells?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Cell Wall
c)
Large Central Vacuole
d)
Cell Membrane
21.
A rigid layer that lies outside the cell's  membrane is...
a)
Cytoskeleton
b)
Cilia
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Flagella
22.

What part of a virus is the protein capsule (coat) that houses the genetic material (DNA/RNA)?

a)

tail

b)

nucleus

c)

capsid

d)

glycoprotein

23.
Is a virus considered living or non-living?
a)
Living
b)
Non-Living
c)
Neither
24.
What do viruses have in common with living cells? They both...
a)
store genetic information
b)
have chloroplasts
c)
use glucose for cellular respiration
d)
have endoplasmic reticulum
25.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need  bacteria
d)
They need insulin
26.
Can a virus change the normal activity of a cell?
a)
No
b)
Maybe
c)
Yes
27.
Why do scientists classify viruses as non-living?
a)
They DO respond to a stimulus
b)
They need a host's energy because they do not have their own energy 
c)
They produce wastes
d)
They are really small 
28.
Which is bigger, a bacteria or a virus?
a)
Bacteria
b)
Virus
29.

Where do viruses reproduce?

a)

Outside of a host cell

b)

Inside of a host cell

c)

They do not reproduce

30.
When a virus invades a living cell, its _______
takes over the cell's functions.
a)
outer coat
b)
genetic material
c)
core
d)
cytoplasm
31.

What conclusion can be made about the HIV infection of a host cell is best supported by the image?

a)

It takes place outside of living cells.

b)

It relies on the host cell to replicate.

c)

It involves the process of meiosis.

d)

It requires carbon dioxide.

32.

An illness caused by a certain virus includes fever, rash, joint pain, red eyes, and headache. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and the symptoms quickly occur within three to twelve days after contracting the virus. What is the reproductive cycle of the virus considered.

a)

Lytic

b)

Lysogenic

33.

Using your knowledge on viruses, which structure below IS NOT part of a viruses structure?

a)

Genetic Material (DNA/RNA)

b)

Capsid (Protective Protein Coat)

c)

Cytoplasm (gel like fluid)

d)

Projections (Protein Spikes used for attachment)

34.

What type of genetic material do viruses have?

a)

Only DNA

b)

Only RNA

c)

It could be DNA or RNA

d)

None of these are true.

35.

WHICH SAMPLE MOST LIKELY CONTAINS VIRUSES?

a)

SAMPLE 1

b)

SAMPLE 2

c)

SAMPLE 3

d)

SAMPLE 4

36.
What is the first step of the virus reproduction cycle?
a)

The viruses genetic material (DNA) starts to take over the functions of the cell

b)

The host cell bursts open, releasing the new viruses

c)

The virus injects its genetic material into the cell

d)

A virus attaches to the surface of a host cell

37.
What is the last step in the viral reproduction cycle?
a)

A virus attaches to the surface of a host cell

b)

The proteins and genetic material start to assemble in the cell

c)

The host cell bursts open, releasing the new viruses

d)

The virus injects its genetic material into the cell

38.
Antibiotics kill viruses
a)

True

b)

False

39.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an illness caused by a coronavirus. Symptoms include a high fever, headaches, and body aches typically occur two to seven days after infection by the virus. SARS is more serious in elderly patients. This information suggests that the reproductive cycle of the SARS virus is-

a)

lysogenic, because the virus is a coronavirus

b)

lytic, because the virus causes respiratory illness

c)

lysogenic, because the virus primarily affects older people

d)

lytic, because of the quick onset of symptoms after infection

40.

The smallest unit that makes up the known elements.

a)

Molecule

b)

Organelle

c)

Cell

d)

Atom

41.

The smallest unit

of a compound consisting of two or more atoms

bonded together.

a)

Organelle

b)

Cell

c)

Molecule

d)

Atom

42.

Structures in a cell that have specialized jobs.

Similar concept to organs for the human body.

a)

Tissue

b)

Molecule

c)

Atom

d)

Organelles

43.

The basic building block of living things, made up of organelles.

a)

Tissue

b)

Organelle

c)

Cell

d)

Atom

44.

Groups of cells with similar functions.

a)

Organs

b)

Molecules

c)

Tissues

d)

Organelles

45.

Group of tissues with similar functions.

a)

Organelles

b)

Cells

c)

Tissues

d)

Organs

46.

Group of organs with similar functions.

a)

Organism

b)

Cell

c)

Organ

d)

System

47.

Any single living individual, and can refer to a single human, animal, plant,

Protista, bacteria, or fungi.

a)

Community

b)

Cell

c)

Population

d)

Organism

48.

Organisms who are members of the same species in an ecosystem.

a)

Organism

b)

Population

c)

Organ

d)

Community

49.

Group of populations in an area.

a)

Organism

b)

Ecosystem

c)

Community

d)

Biosphere

50.

A biological community that includes various species and their physical environment (Biotic and Abiotic Factors).

a)

Organism

b)

Community

c)

Biosphere

d)

Ecosystem

51.

Where life is found on earth.

a)

Community

b)

Habitat

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Biosphere

52.

The simplest type of passive transport is diffusion.

a)

True

b)

False

53.

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called _______________________.

a)

Cytolysis

b)

Osmosis

c)

Diffusion

d)

Plasmolysis

54.

The difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance is called __________________________________.

a)

Concentration gradient.

b)

Facilitated diffusion.

c)

Concentration change

d)

Equilibrium gradient.

55.

Molecules tend to move from areas where they are more concentrated to areas where they are less concentrated, or "down" their concentration gradient.

a)

True

b)

False

56.

Complete the following sentence: Molecules are in constant motion because they have ___________________ energy. Molecules move randomly, traveling in a _____________ line until they hit an object, such as another molecule. In the absence of other influences, diffusion will eventually cause the molecules to be in _______________

a)

potencial, curve, equilibrium

b)

kinetic, curve, osmosis

c)

kinetic, straight, equilibrium

d)

potencial, straight, osmosis

57.

When the concentration of molecules is the same throughout the space the molecules occupy, the molecules are in __________________________.

a)

osmosis

b)

total balance

c)

equilibrium

d)

total pressure

58.

If a molecule can pass through a cell membrane,

a)

It will diffuse from an area of higher concentration one one side of the membrane to an area of lower concentration on the other side.

b)

It will diffuse from an area of lower concentration one one side of the membrane to an area of higher concentration on the other side.

c)

It will diffuse from an area of higher concentration one one side of the membrane to an area of higher concentration on the other side.

d)

It will diffuse from an area of lower concentration one one side of the membrane to an area of lower concentration on the other side.

59.

Diffusion across a membrane is also called __________________

a)

Osmosis

b)

simple diffusion

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

direct osmosis

60.

The simple diffusion of a molecule across a cell membrane depends on __________________________________________.

a)

The size of the membrane and the chemical nature of the molecule.

b)

The chemical nature of the membrane.

c)

The size and type of molecules.

d)

The type and size of the molecules and on the chemical nature of the membrane.

61.

Which of the following molecules can dissolve in lipids because of their non polar nature?

a)

carbon dioxide and oxygen.

b)

glucose and water

c)

carbon dioxide and glucose

d)

glucose and oxygen

62.

Molecules that are very small but not soluble in lipids may diffuse across the membrane by moving through the pores in the membrane.

a)

True

b)

False

63.

The process by which water molecules diffuse across cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called

a)

facilitated diffusion

b)

isotonic diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

hypertonic diffusion

64.

Osmosis does not require cell to expend energy,_________________________

a)

because water is moving from from higher to lower concentration.

b)

because lipids are moving from from higher to lower concentration.

c)

because lipids are moving from from lower to higher concentration.

d)

because water is moving from from lower to higher concentration.

65.

The net direction of osmosis depends on the relative concentration of solutes on the two sides of the membrane.

a)

true

b)

false

66.

When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cells lower than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is _____________________to the cytosol. In this situation, water diffuses ________ the cell until equilibrium is established.

a)

hypotonic, into

b)

hypertonic, into

c)

isotonic, out of

d)

hypotonic, out of

e)

isotonic, into

67.

When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is ____________________ to the cytosol. In this situation, water diffuses ___________ the cell until equilibrium is established.

a)

hypotonic, into

b)

hypertonic, into

c)

hypertonic, out of

d)

isotonic, into

e)

isotonic, out of

68.

When the concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal, The outside solution is said to be ________________________ to the cytosol. Under these conditions, water diffuses ____________________ the cell at equal rates.

a)

hypotonic, into

b)

hypotonic, out of

c)

hypertonic, into and out of

d)

isotonic, out of

e)

isotonic, into and out of

69.

When the external solution is isotonic to cytosol,

a)

there is no net movement of water.

b)

there is a net movement of water from inside to out side.

c)

there is a net movement of water from outside to inside.

70.

Water tends to diffuse from

a)

hypertonic solutions to isotonic solutions.

b)

hypotonic solutions to hypertonic solutions.

c)

isotonic solutions to hypotonic solutions.

d)

hypertonic solutions to hypotonic solutions.

71.

In a hypertonic environment , water leaves the cells through osmosis, The cell thrink away from the cell wall, and tutor pressure is lost. This condition is called ________________________

a)

carrier proteins

b)

plasmolysis

c)

cytolysis

d)

active transport.

72.

______________________________________ is used for molecules that cannot readily diffuse through cell membranes, even when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane.

a)

tutor pressure

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

endocytosis

d)

exocytosis

73.

In facilitated diffusion, the movement of large molecules or molecules not soluble in lipids across the cell membrane is assisted by specific proteins in the membrane. these proteins are known as __________________________________

a)

carrier proteins

b)

lipid proteins

c)

ion channels

74.

When cell move materials from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration or up their concentration gradient, such movement of material is known as ________________________________.

a)

pasive transport

b)

active transport

c)

endocytosis

d)

diffusion

75.

The process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles, including other cells is called __________________________________

a)

endocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

phagocytosis

d)

exocytosis

76.

In the process of endocytosis the external material are enclosed by a portion of the cell's membrane, which folds into itself and forms a pouch. The pouch then pinches off from the cell membrane and becomes a membrane-bound organelle called a _________________

a)

ion channel

b)

vacuole

c)

vesicle

d)

phagocyte

77.

Two main types of endocytosis are based on the kind of material that is taken into the cell: _____________________________ involves the transport of solutes or fluids, and ________________________ is the movement of large particles or large cells.

a)

exociytosis, phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis, phagocytosis

c)

pinocytosis, exocytosis

78.

The process by which the a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance out of the cell is called _________________.

a)

pinocytosis

b)

exocytosis

c)

endocytosis

d)

phagocytosis

79.
Which biomolecule is made of the monomer amino acids?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Lipid
80.
Which biomolecule is your main source of energy?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Protein
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
81.
Which biomolecule contains fats, oils, and waxes?
a)
Proteins
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipids
d)
Carbohydrate
82.
What do monomers do?
a)
Bond to make a polymer
b)
Create essential proteins
c)
Stores energy
d)
Splits to make more cells
83.
The monomer of a protein is called...
a)
an amino acid
b)
a monosaccharide
c)
a fatty acid
d)
a nucleotide
84.

Which organic molecule would a long-distance runner most likely choose to eat two hours before a race?

a)

A protein, because it builds muscle mass.

b)

A lipid because it provides long term energy storage.

c)

A carbohydrate because it releases energy quickly.

d)

A protein, because it transports oxygen into the blood stream.

85.

How are the functions of a carbohydrate and a lipid similar?

a)

Both are a source of energy.

b)

Both are replicated during meiosis.

c)

Both lower the activation energy of reactions.

d)

Both dissolve nutrients in the digestive system.

86.

What are the monomers of a lipid?

a)

fat cubes and glycogen

b)

glycerol and amino acids

c)

fatty acids and glycerol

d)

amino acids

87.

Nucleotides are a monomer of which biomolecule?

a)

Nucleic acids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

88.
What elements are common to all 4 biomolecules?
a)
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
b)
Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
c)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
d)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorus
89.
Which biomolecule contains pastas and breads?
a)
Lipid
b)
Protein
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Carbohydrate
90.
Which biomolecule helps form muscles?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Lipids
91.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
Stores energy
b)
Stores genetic information
c)
Movement
d)
Physical structure
92.
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen are elements in what biomolecule?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic acid
93.

What are monosaccharides?

a)

double sugar

b)

single sugar

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

94.

Which biomolecules can be DNA and RNA?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

95.
Which biomolecule is also known as enzymes?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Protein
96.

Which organic molecules is paired with its function?

a)

nucleic acid- to store energy

b)

lipids – to regulate metabolic.

c)

protein- to provide insulation.

d)

carbohydrates – to provide quick-release energy.

97.

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

Glucose + Oxygen ---> Carbon Dioxide + Water

b)

Water+Oxygen ---> Carbon Dioxide + Glucose

c)

Glucose + Water ---> Carbon Dioxide + Oxygen

d)

Water + Carbon Dioxide ---> Oxygen + Glucose

98.

What is the main purpose of PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

To make ATP

b)

To make Glucose

c)

To make Water

d)

To make Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

99.

Besides glucose, what else is made in PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Water

d)

Sunlight

100.

Where does photosynthesis occur?

a)

In the mitochondria

b)

In a vacuole

c)

In the chloroplast

101.

Where does CELLULAR RESPIRATION occur?

a)

In the mitochondria

b)

In a vacuole

c)

In the chloroplast

102.

Which of the following is the correct (right) chemical equation for CELLULAR RESPIRATION?

a)

Oxygen + Water ---> Carbon Dioxide + Glucose

b)

Glucose + Oxygen ---> Carbon Dioxide + Water

c)

Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide ---> Water + Glucose

d)

Glucose + Carbon Dioxide ---> Water + Oxygen

103.

What is the main purpose of CELLULAR RESPIRATION?

a)

To make glucose

b)

To make ATP by breaking down Glucose

c)

To make Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

d)

To make oxygen

104.

What is the purpose of Fermentation?

a)

To make ATP

b)

To make glucose

c)

To keep Glycolysis going

d)

To make Oxygen

105.

What happens after Glycolysis if there is NO oxygen?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Fermentation

c)

Cellular Respiration

106.

What is the pigment that captures light in plants for photosynthesis? (Hint it makes plants green)

a)

Chlorophyll

b)

Actin

c)

Microtubule

d)

Mitochondria

107.
Enzymes are considered to be 
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
108.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
109.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
110.
What is structure A?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
111.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
112.
What is the name for the mechanism of enzyme activity?
a)
Lock and key
b)
jigsaw puzzle
c)
hammer and nail
d)
two hands pattern
113.
At 40 degrees Celsius, your biological enzymes will...
a)
Functional optimally
b)
Denature
c)
Wait until the temp. increases
d)
Wait until the temp. decreases
114.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
115.
What makes an enzyme substrate specific?
a)
Size
b)
Shape
c)
Name
d)
Location it is found in
116.
The part of the enzyme that the substrate bonds to is called the _____.
a)
active site
b)
activation energy
c)
bond site
d)
peptide bond
117.

The end result of mitosis is

a)

4 Identical Cells are produced

b)

4 genetically different cells are produced

c)

2 identical cells are produced

d)

2 genetically different cells are produced

118.

The end result of meiosis is...

a)

4 identical cells

b)

4 genetically different cells

c)

2 identical cells

d)

2 genetically different cells

119.

How many chromosomes do the daughter cells have in mitosis?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

2

d)

4

120.

How many chromosomes do the daughter cells have in meiosis?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

2

d)

4

121.

If an organism reproduces asexually, its offspring will most likely be...

a)

genetically identical to the parent

b)

genetically different from each other

c)

produced from specialized cells known as gametes

d)

A mutant

122.

What is the correct order for the phases of mitosis?

a)

Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase, Metaphase

b)

Anaphase, Telophase, Prophase, Metaphase

c)

Telophase, Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase

d)

Prophase,

Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

123.

Which phase does the cell grow and develop?

a)

Prophase

b)

Interphase

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Metaphase

124.

How many divisions are in meiosis?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

4

125.

Which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Prophase

126.

What is the correct definition of a haploid cell?

a)

A cell that only has a single set of chromosomes. (23 = n)

b)

A cell that has 2 sets of chromosomes (46 = 2n)

127.
What scientific process is being shown?
a)
Mixing
b)
Crossing under
c)
Crossing over
d)
square dancing
128.
Name the phase:
a)
Anaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Prophase
129.
The structure labeled B in the figure below is called the _____.
a)
Centromere
b)
Centrioles
c)
Sister Chromatids
d)
Spindles
130.

How is DNA organized inside the Nucleus?

a)

Chromosomes

b)

Base pairs

c)

Segments

d)

Plasmids

131.

What is the next phase of mitosis?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

132.

What process results in the division of 1 cell into 2 identical daughter cells?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

G1

d)

Cross-Over

133.

What is the name for the event that results in the division of the cell body (cytoplasm) into 2 daughter bodies.

a)

Telophase

b)

Citokinesis

c)

Mitosis

d)

Cross Over

134.
When a cell is not actively dividing, it is in what phase?
a)
interphase
b)
anaphase
c)
prophase
d)
telophase
135.
What are chromosomes?
a)
different versions of genes
b)
condensed DNA 
c)
uncoiled DNA
136.
products of meiosis are genetically
a)
different
b)
identical
137.
A human usually has xx amount of chromosomes.
a)
6
b)
22
c)
4
d)
46
138.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
139.

The ___________________ determines an organism's traits.

a)

sugar-phosphate backbone

b)

sequence of nitrogen bases

140.

What is represented in the picture?

a)

amino acid

b)

fatty acid

c)

nucleotide

d)

protein

141.

What bond holds the two DNA strands together?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Nitrogen

142.

Where would you find DNA/chromosomes within a cell?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

nucleus

c)

vacuole

d)

golgi body

143.

Give the complimentary strand:

ACT GGC TAC AAT CAG

a)

ACT GGC TAC AAT CAG

b)

TAA CCG ATG TTA GTC

c)

TGA CCG ATT TTA GTC

d)

TGA CCG ATG TTA GTC

144.

What does semi-conservative mean?

a)

both strands are old

b)

one strand is old and one strand is new

c)

both strands are new

d)

both strands are half made

145.

Which answer choice is not matched up correctly?

a)

Helicase-unzips DNA

b)

DNA polymerase-builds new DNA strands

c)

Primase-lays a primer to initiate the start of replication

d)

DNA-carbohydrate

146.

What percentage of Thymine would the rat have?

a)

21.4%

b)

28.4%

c)

30%

d)

20.3%

147.

What is the correct order of replication?

a)

3, 2, 1, 4

b)

2, 1, 4, 3

c)

2, 3, 1, 4

d)

3, 4, 1, 2

148.

The end result of replication is ________________________.

a)

one new molecule of DNA

b)

two identical molecules of DNA

c)

two different molecules of DNA

149.

The assembling of new molecules, especially polymers.

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Meisosis

c)

Mitosis

d)

Synthesis

150.

Assembling proteins via instructions from DNA.

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Protein synthesis

d)

Homeostasis

151.

A single strand of nucleotides made by DNA that is used to communicate genetic code outside the nucleus.

a)

RNA

b)

DNA

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Amino acid chain

152.

DNA makes RNA → RNA makes proteins →

Proteins make life.

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Mendelian Genetics

c)

Central Dogma

d)

Myocardial Infarction

153.

Double stranded DNA is unzipped, and one strand is used as a template to form Messenger RNA.

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Mitosis

154.

Messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes

and is used as a template to assemble a protein.

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Homeostasis

155.

A single strand of nucleotides coded by DNA

which travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm to give instructionsfor building proteins.

a)

tRNA

b)

DNA

c)

mRNA

d)

rRNA

156.

A small section of RNA that transports amino acids

to the ribosome for synthesis into proteins.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

DNA

157.

A nucleotide base that takes the place of Thymine in RNA.

a)

Uracil

b)

Thymine

c)

Adenine

d)

uRNA

158.

The enzyme that codes mRNA from DNA instructions.

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

RNA Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

Lipase

159.

A ←→ U

C ←→ G

T → A

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Mitosis

c)

Base Pairing Rules for Replication

d)

Base Pairing Rules for Transcription

160.

The order of the nucleotide bases in DNA or RNA.

a)

Numerical sequence

b)

Amino acid sequence

c)

Base Sequence

d)

Anti codon

161.

Units of 3 nucleotide bases in mRNA which code for a single

amino acid.

a)

Mitosis

b)

Base Pairing

c)

Anti codon

d)

Codon

162.

The reverse codon found on the tRNA.

a)

Codon

b)

Anticodon

c)

Mitosis

d)

Meiosis

163.

A chart that shows the relationship between

codons and the amino acids they code for.

a)

Homeostasis chart

b)

Anticodon

c)

Codon Chart

d)

EKG Chart

164.

Three nucleotide bases that code for the beginning

of a strand of protein.

a)

Uracil

b)

Stop Codon

c)

Anticodon

d)

Start Codon

165.

Three nucleotide bases that code for the end

of a strand of protein.

a)

Anticodon

b)

Start Codon

c)

Stop Codon

d)

tRNA

166.

Most of a ribosome is made of rRNA.

a)

Anticodon

b)

mRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

167.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
168.
If you are missing or have an extra base  at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?
a)
Substitution
b)
Frameshift
c)
Duplication 
d)
Insertion
169.
Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?
a)
deletion
b)
insertion
c)
silent
d)
transverse
170.
A frameshift mutation can occur with either _________ or __________ mutations.
a)
Addition, division
b)
Deletion, substitution
c)
Addition, substitution
d)
Addition, deletion
171.
What type of chromosomal mutation is this?
a)
Inversion
b)
Translocation
c)
Deletion
d)
Duplication
172.
What is the definition of DNA mutation? 
a)
The original DNA strand
b)
The strand with four pairs 
c)
A change in the DNA strand
d)
The strand in a double helix 
173.
Identify the SUBSTITUTION mutation from the following DNA sequence: 
ATG CCA AAT
a)
ATG TCA AAT
b)
ATG CCT AAA T
c)
ATC CA  AT
d)
ATG CCA AAT
174.

Original DNA: CAT GAT CCA

New DNA: CAT TGA TCC A

What mutation occurred? (one has been added)

a)

deletion

b)

substitution

c)

tranverse

d)

insertion

175.
What type of chromosomal mutation is this?
a)
Translocation
b)
Inversion
c)
Deletion
d)
Duplication
176.
If you are missing or have an extra base  at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?
a)
Substitution
b)
Frameshift
c)
Duplication 
d)
Insertion
177.
This type of substitution codes for a stop codon
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
178.
A type of substitution in which one amino acid changes is called 
a)
Nonsense
b)
Missense
c)
Silent
d)
all of the above
179.
A type of substitution in which no  amino acids change is called 
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
180.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion

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