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Worksheets

1st RC5

Total questions: 176

Worksheet time: 2hrs 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following sets of nitrogen containing compounds can be absorbed through the roots of plants?

a)

Ammonium and Nitrates

b)

Nitrogen gas and Nitrites

c)

Ammonium and Nitrogen gas

d)

Only Ammonium

2.
In a parasitic relationship, one organism is ___________ and one organism is benefiting. 
a)
helped
b)
harmed
c)
not effected
d)
happy
3.
In a mutual relationship, both organisms are ________________. 
a)
hurt
b)
not effected
c)
harmed
d)
benefiting 
4.
Commensalism is where one organism is benefiting and the other organism is _____________________. 
a)
not effected
b)
helped
c)
harmed
d)
hurt
5.
Red-billed oxpeckers are birds that feed on parasites found on an impala. The impala gets rid of parasites and the red-billed oxpeckers get a yummy dinner. This is an example of _______.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
neutralism
d)
competition
6.
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs  in the flowers where  the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds. Both species benefit.  
a)
Mutualism 
b)
Parasitism 
c)
Commensalism 
7.
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce tree to the tree's detriment (harm). 
a)
Mutualsim 
b)
Parasitism 
c)
Commensalism 
8.
Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for in the food web?
a)
Hawk
b)
Spider
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Shrew
9.
Which of the following is a herbivore?
a)
cricket
b)
frog
c)
hawk
d)
shrew
10.
Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?
a)
There would be a decrease in the small bird population.
b)
There would be a decrease in the grass/flowers population.
c)
There would be a decrease in the mice population.
d)
There would be an increase in the grass/flowers population.
11.
Example of a decomposer
a)
fungus
b)
mouse
c)
plants
d)
frogs
12.

Approximately what percentage of energy is passed on to the next higher level in an energy pyramid?

a)

10%

b)

50%

c)

90%

d)

100%

13.

The diagram shows an energy pyramid.

Which level will contain plants?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

14.

Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?

a)

Owl (tertiary consumer)

b)

Grasshopper (primary consumer)

c)

Lilypad (autotroph)

d)

Lizard (secondary consumer)

15.

Which statement best describes the role of decomposers?

a)

They convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose.

b)

They break down organic compounds into products used by other organisms.

c)

They release oxygen to the atmosphere.

d)

They provide energy for the synthesis of proteins.

16.

What do the arrows in the diagram represent?

a)

an increase in population

b)

the evolution of organisms

c)

ecological succession

d)

the flow of energy

17.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
18.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
ecological succession
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
19.
What is the goal of the pioneer species in Primary Succession?
a)
To kill the dead materials after a disaster
b)
To rebuild soil
c)
To feed Johnny
d)
To put fresh oxygen into the air
20.
What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
volunteer species
c)
founder species
d)
conqueror species
21.
Which of the following is true in a climax community?
a)
the community will constantly evolve and change
b)
if one species dies, a new species will fulfill the same role
c)
They are stable for a long time, with the same species maintaining their population
d)
it goes through a major change called "climax" every few hundred years
22.
What is Ecological Succession?
a)
Competition between plants in a society
b)
A natural disaster such as a flood or fire
c)
The cycle of a tomato plant
d)
The change an ecosystem experiences over time
23.
As succession progresses, animal species diversity increases due to the fact that
a)
less soil is being created
b)
food choices increase
c)
precipitation rates stabilize
d)
temperatures moderate
24.
How many predators does the squid have?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
25.
Name the producers in this food web.
a)
seagull and fish
b)
penguin and crab
c)
phytoplankton and seaweed
d)
seaweed and zooplankton
26.
Which of the following best describes the small bird in the food web above?
a)
primary and secondary consumer
b)
secondary and tertiary consumer
c)
primary consumer only
d)
secondary consumer only
27.
A feeder fish usually follows behind sharks to pick up food scraps that they leave behind. The fish gets food and the shark is unaffected. This is an example of:
a)
Mutualism
b)
Commensalism
c)
Parasitism
d)
Decomposition
28.
Which symbols best describe mutualism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
29.
Which symbols best describe parasitism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
30.
Which symbols best describe commensalism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
0,0
31.
A tick and a dog have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
neutralism
d)
parasitism
32.
Cattle egrets are birds that forage in fields among cattle. The egrets get easy access to food and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
33.
Red-billed oxpeckers are birds that feed on parasites found on an impala. The impala gets rid of parasites and the red-billed oxpeckers get a yummy dinner. This is an example of _______.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
neutralism
d)
competition
34.

A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Parasitsm

d)

Commensalism

35.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This neither harms nor benefits the whales.
a)
Mutualsim 
b)
Parasitism 
c)
Commensalism 
36.
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce tree to the tree's detriment (harm). 
a)
Mutualsim 
b)
Parasitism 
c)
Commensalism 
37.

Two organisms that are so similar they can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring.

a)

biotic factor

b)

herbivore

c)

ecosystem

d)

species

38.

Silverfish live and hunt with army ants. They share the prey. They neither help nor harm the ants.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

39.
a relationship that occurs when two or more organims of the same species need the same resource at the same time
a)
competition
b)
symbiosis
c)
predation
40.

A cuckoo and a warbler are both birds. A cuckoo will find the nest of warbler instead of building her own, and she harms the warbler by knocking a warbler egg out of nest and laying her own. When the warbler mother returns, she isn’t aware of the switch. The warbler will then raise the baby cuckoo bird instead of her own baby. Which term best describes this relationship?

a)

Predation

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

41.

Barnacles are sea creatures that create a home by attaching themselves to whales. The whales are unaffected by the barnacles. Which term best describes this symbiotic relationship?

a)

Commensalism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Predation

d)

Mutualism

42.

Ostriches and gazelles are two animals that live in Africa. They graze for food near each other because they help each other spot predators. The gazelle has excellent eyesight, but poor hearing, and the ostrich has excellent hearing, but poor eyesight. These two animals will alert one another when danger is near. Which term best describes this relationship?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Mutualism

d)

Parasitism

43.

Students construct an obstacle course and watch a hamster successfully navigate through it. This is an example of-

a)

an inherited trait

b)

a learned behavior

c)

a structure

d)

a function

44.

which is an inherited trait?

a)

speaking spanish

b)

bird saying hello

c)

cat using a litter box

d)

spines on a cactus

45.

Which is not an example of an otter's inherited traits?

a)

insulated fur for warmth

b)

webbed paws to help swim

c)

sharp claws for capturing pray

d)

rolling on the ground to dry fur

46.

which is the learned behavior?

a)

shape of beak

b)

monkey riding bicycle

c)

horse eating hay

d)

Sweating on a hot day

47.

What is the difference between learned behavior and inherited trait?

a)

Learned behaviors are taught, and inherited traits are passed down from parent to child.

b)

Learned behaviors take years to acquire, and inherited traits take only a short time.

c)

Learned behavior are difficult to accomplish, and inherited traits are easy to accomplish.

d)

Learned behaviors are passed down from parent to child, and inherited traits are taught to children.

48.

Which of the following is an inherited trait?

a)

swimming

b)

eye color

c)

skateboarding

d)

callused fingers

49.

What trait does a parent cactus pass down to its offspring?

a)

weather conditions

b)

needle shape

c)

location

d)

age

50.

The shape of a bird's beak is a body structure that the bird has at birth. This body structure is a/an-

a)

learned trait

b)

special trait

c)

inherited trait

d)

developed trait

51.

which is not and inherited trait?

a)

number of limbs on a prairie chicken

b)

number of limbs on a dogwood tree

c)

number of limbs on a jersey cow

d)

number of limbs on a tree frog

52.

Desert plants have special structures that help them collect and store water. These structures are most beneficial in-

a)

wet climates

b)

dry climates

c)

windy climates

d)

humid climates

53.

Tundra animals have structures such as thick coats that allow them survive in the vast tundra. Why does the musk ox have a thick coat of fur?

a)

to insulate(cover) from the cold tundra wind and water

b)

to blend in with the snow and water

c)

for protection against predators

d)

to attract a mate during the winter season

54.

All of the following are reasons why it is important to care for the environment EXCEPT-

a)

to support life

b)

to neglect wildlife

c)

to prevent extinction

d)

to protect animals

55.

Tundra is a flat treeless Arctic region with a frozen subsoil. Tundra plants are often dark in color because dark colors absorb more heat from the sun. This helps them survive in the tundra's-

a)

blazing atmosphere

b)

dramatic climate changes

c)

frigid temperatures

d)

changing land surface

56.

All of the following animals are supported by the marsh EXPECT-

a)

frogs

b)

whales

c)

salamanders

d)

fish

57.

Which inhabitant of he forest is most dependent on the decaying (decomposer) plant and animal life of the forest?

a)

reptiles

b)

fungi

c)

mammals

d)

fish

58.

How do adaptations help animals?

a)

To escape animals

b)

to hunt for food

c)

to survive in their habitats

d)

All of these are correct

59.

Why do animals use camouflage?

a)

To look pretty

b)

To stay safe

c)

To play Hide and Go Seek

d)

To eat food

60.

Traveling done by an animal to find food and water.

Adaption: birds flying south for the winter

a)

Camouflage

b)

Migration

c)

Hibernation

d)

Locomotion

61.

The raccoon has hands and feet. Why would the raccoon need this adaptation?

a)

to fight

b)

to help them find and pick up food

c)

to hang from trees

d)

to dig a tunnel

62.

An example of a structual adaptation is...

a)

a turtle hiding inside its shell

b)

The spikes on a porcupine fish

c)

a rabbit burrowing underground

d)

a viper biting when threatened

63.
Penguins huddle close together to keep warm.
a)
Structural
b)
Behavioral
64.

Plants grow towards sunlight to help them acquire as much sunlight as possible.

a)

behavioral

b)

structural

65.

_______ is to go into a deep sleep-like state during winter.

a)

hibernate

b)

migrate

c)

camouflage

d)

adaptation

66.

Bees dance to tell each other where to find food.

a)

Structural/Physical Adaptation

b)

Behavioral Adaptation

67.

A kangaroo has a pouch to protect its young.

a)

Structural/Physical Adaptation

b)

Behavioral Adaptation

68.

A snake's fangs

a)

structural

b)

physiological

c)

behavioral

69.

Gills on a fish

a)

structural

b)

physiological

c)

behavioral

70.

When threatened, some animals make warning sounds to help other animals escape a predator.

a)

Behavioral Adaptation

b)

Structural Adaptation

71.

The polar bear's white fur allows it to hide in the cold arctic. This adaptation is called________________.

a)

White on white

b)

Camouflage

c)

Color matching

d)

behavioral adaptation

72.

A resting state through the winter.

Adaptation: Bear sleeping in a cave during the winter months

a)

Locomotion

b)

Hibernation

c)

Migration

d)

Defense

73.

Why do birds need the adaptation of hollow bones?

a)

to fly

b)

to live

c)

to reproduce

d)

to run

74.
What does every food chain start with? (Even if it's not drawn or written there!)
a)
producers
b)
sun
c)
consumer
d)
decomposers
75.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
76.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
77.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
78.
relationship in which two species live closely together
a)
resource
b)
mutualism
c)
succession
d)
symbiosis
79.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
80.

In this Food Web Pyramid Which type of consumer gets only 10% of the energy stored in plants?

a)

Primary Consumer

b)

Carnivore

c)

Omnivore

d)

Secondary Consumer

81.
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological community?
a)
energy path
b)
food web
c)
trophic level
d)
food pyramid
82.
The image provided is an example of a(n):
a)
Carnivore
b)
Herbivore
c)
Producer
d)
Autotroph
83.
The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next...
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
50%
84.
An illustration that uses arrows to show the MANY possible directions in which matter and energy can pass through the organisms in an ecosystem.
a)
Food chain
b)
Food web
c)
Energy Pyramid
d)
Succession Map
85.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
86.
A graphic illustration that shows each trophic level and the amount of useable energy contained within.
a)
Food chain
b)
Food web
c)
Energy Pyramid
d)
All of these
87.
A collection of organisms that make up a community as well as all of the nonliving aspects of the environment.
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Habitat
d)
Ecosystem
88.
As you move upward, from level to level, in an energy pyramid, energy _____.
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
d)
increases exponentially
89.

plants that convert energy from the sun

a)

decomposer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

Autotroph

90.
What are the Abiotic factors in this image? 
a)
water, sunlight, dirt, air
b)
birds and plants
c)
birds, water, dirt
d)
plants, water
91.

Which of the following represents a mutualistic relationship?

a)

Dog/Flea

b)

Grass/Cow

c)

Hawk/Mouse

d)

Bee/Flower

92.

Which organism represents the trophic level containing approximately 0.1% of the initial amount of chemical energy produced by the plants?

a)

Aphids

b)

Spiders

c)

Sparrows

d)

Cat

93.

If 10,000 kcal of energy are present in the grass population, approximately how much energy would be expected in the population of lions?

a)

1,000 kcal

b)

100 kcal

c)

10 kcal

d)

1 kcal

94.
an organism that makes its own food
a)
producer
b)
consumer
c)
herbivore
d)
scavenger
95.
an animal that eats both plants and animals
a)
carnivore
b)
herbivore
c)
omnivore
d)
consumer
96.
In an energy pyramid, energy_______ as you move up the pyramid.
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
Stays the same
d)
Changes up and down
97.
An organism that eats another organism.
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Plant
d)
Producer
98.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
99.
A food pyramid represent the relative amount of energy in trophic levels. Which of the following correctly shows a food pyramid?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
100.
The deer, grasshopper, and bird are all examples of which type of consumers on this food pyramid?
a)
decomposers
b)
omnivores
c)
carnivore
d)
herbivore
101.
A third-level consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
102.
A secondary consumer 
a)
eats primary consumers
b)
eats producers
c)
eats plants
103.
All the organisms on earth get their energy directly or indirectly from?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Water 
c)
Nitrogen
d)
The Sun
104.
an organism that makes its own food
a)
producer
b)
consumer
c)
herbivore
d)
scavenger
105.
an animal that eats both plants and animals
a)
carnivore
b)
herbivore
c)
omnivore
d)
consumer
106.
In an energy pyramid, energy_______ as you move up the pyramid.
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
Stays the same
d)
Changes up and down
107.
An organism that eats another organism.
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Plant
d)
Producer
108.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
109.
A food pyramid represent the relative amount of energy in trophic levels. Which of the following correctly shows a food pyramid?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
110.
The deer, grasshopper, and bird are all examples of which type of consumers on this food pyramid?
a)
decomposers
b)
omnivores
c)
carnivore
d)
herbivore
111.
A third-level consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
112.
A secondary consumer 
a)
eats primary consumers
b)
eats producers
c)
eats plants
113.
All the organisms on earth get their energy directly or indirectly from?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Water 
c)
Nitrogen
d)
The Sun
114.

Approximately what percentage of original chemical energy produced by the plants would be present in the bird population?

a)

10%

b)

1%

c)

.1%

d)

.01%

115.

If 50 kcal of energy are present in the tomato

plants, approximately how much energy

would be expected in the spider population?

a)

50 kcal

b)

5 kcal

c)

.5 kcal

d)

.05 kcal

116.

Approximately what percentage of original chemical energy produced by the tomato plants would be present in the aphid population?

a)

10%

b)

1%

c)

.1%

d)

.01%

117.

Which of the following groups of organisms is not represented in this food web?

a)

producers

b)

decomposers

c)

herbivores

d)

apex predators

118.

Which organism represents the trophic level containing approximately

1% of the initial amount of chemical energy produced in this ecosystem?

a)

Algae

b)

Copepods

c)

Minnows

d)

Bass

119.

If 25,000 kcal of energy are available in the algae population,

approximately how much energy would be in the bass population?

a)

2,500. kcal

b)

250 kcal

c)

25 kcal

d)

2.5 kcal

120.

Approximately what percentage of original chemical energy produced by the plant population would be present in the population of lizards?

a)

100%

b)

10%

c)

1%

d)

.1%

121.

What do the squiggly arrows represent in this food chain?

a)

the production of oxygen gas by each population of organisms

b)

the absorption of solar energy from the environment

c)

the flow of organic compounds within the ecosystem

d)

the energy released into the environment in the form of heat

122.

Approximately what percentage of energy in the producer population

would be available to the secondary consumers?

a)

10%

b)

1%

c)

.1%

d)

.01%

123.

If 15,000 kcal of energy are available in the producers, about

how much energy would be available to the tertiary consumers?

a)

1,500 kcal

b)

150 kcal

c)

15 kcal

d)

1.5 kcal

124.

What is an organism that gets its food by eating other living organisms?

a)

Consumer

b)

Producer

c)

Autotroph

d)

Decomposer

125.

Symbiosis is a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species. Which is NOT a type of symbiotic relationship?

a)

mutualism

b)

predation

c)

commensalism

d)

parasitism

126.

When two species within a community rely on the same limited resource for survival it is called --

a)

symbiosis

b)

competition

c)

predation

d)

niche

127.

These organisms eat only producers in an ecosystem.

a)

carnivores

b)

omnivores

c)

herbivores

d)

decomposers

128.

Skunk Cabbage plants attract flies in cool weather by making heat and provide food to the flies that come. The flies move from one Skunk Cabbage plant to the next feeding and transferring pollen as they go. This is an example of –

a)

commensalism

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

predation

129.

The Cattle Egret forages in pastures and fields among livestock such as cattle and horses feeding on the insects stirred up by the movement of the grazing animals. The cows and horses are not bothered by the cattle egrets. This is an example of –

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

130.

The human intestine provides food for bacteria that live inside the digestive system. The beneficial bacteria living in the intestine of humans help digest cellulose from plants which humans don’t have the enzymes to break down. This is an example of --

a)

commensalism

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

predation

131.

Which of the following is NOT considered to be a symbiotic relationship?

a)

A hawk feeding on a field mouse

b)

Worms living in a cow's intestine

c)

A deer tick feeding on a host animal

d)

A bee pollinating a flower

132.

A plover is an animal that picks and eats scraps of meat from the crocodile’s teeth. The crocodile gets a free teeth-cleaning! This is an example of --

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

133.

What is mutualism?

a)

one organism feeds on the other

b)

both organisms benefit from their relationship

c)

one organism benefits while the other is harmed

d)

one organism benefits and the other neither benefits or is harmed

134.

What is commensalism?

a)

One organism feeds on another

b)

Both organisms benefit from their relationship

c)

One organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

d)

One organism benefits while the other is harmed

135.

What is a predator?

a)

An organism that is hunted and eaten by another animal

b)

An organism that hunts and feeds on other animals

c)

both of the above

d)

none of the above

136.

Using the food web above, what would happen if the Caterpillar was removed from this food web?

a)

the number of grasshoppers would increase

b)

the snake population would decrease due to caterpillars being the snakes only food source

c)

nothing would happen

d)

the snake population would increase

137.

The Hawk in this food web would be considered a --

a)

Producer

b)

Primary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Tertiary consumer

138.

The blue jay and the grasshopper in this food web represent what type of ecological relationship?

a)

mutualistic

b)

parasitic

c)

commensalistic

d)

predator-prey

139.

Which of the following food chains correctly shows the flow of energy in this food web?

a)

Eagle-->lizard-->caterpillar--> plant

b)

Eagle --> rabbit --> snail --> plant

c)

Lizard-->caterpillar-->plant

d)

Plant-->Snail-->Bluebird-->Eagle

140.

Which of the following is a primary consumer in this food web?

a)

Owl

b)

Blue jay

c)

Grasshopper

d)

Snake

141.
Which organism has the most energy and which organism has the least amount of energy? Choose the best answer. 
a)
mosquito and grass
b)
mouse and grass
c)
grass and owl
d)
grass and small bird
142.

Which organism is a primary consumer?

a)

raccoon

b)

small fish

c)

duck

d)

human

143.

Which organisms are secondary consumers? Select all that apply.

a)

raccoon

b)

small fish

c)

duck

d)

human

144.

Which of the following sets of nitrogen containing compounds can be absorbed through the roots of plants?

a)

Ammonium and Nitrates

b)

Nitrogen gas and Nitrites

c)

Ammonium and Nitrogen gas

d)

Only Ammonium

145.

The diagram above represents the nitrogen cycle in a student’s aquarium. Which of the following would occur if more plants were added to this aquarium?

a)

The amount of ammonia produced by fish would increase.

b)

The amount of nitrates found in the water would decline.

c)

The Nitrobacter would begin to compete with the plants for food.

d)

The water would experience an increase in carbon dioxide levels.

146.

The diagram above shows the nitrogen cycle taking place in a person’s yard. Which of the following changes would be expected if all of the dead plant material was raked up and removed from this ecosystem?

a)

The ability of living plants to absorb nitrates would increase.

b)

The rate of nitrogen-fixation performed by lightening would decrease.

c)

The amount of nitrogen available in the soil would decrease.

d)

The rate of denitrification performed by bacteria would increase.

147.

The diagram to the right depicts the nitrogen cycle in a classroom aquarium. Which of the following would occur if more fish were added to this ecosystem?

a)

The amount of nitrates in the water would increase.

b)

The amount of ammonia in the water would decrease.

c)

The bacteria community would decrease in response to the added fish.

d)

The plants would reproduce more quickly to meet the growing needs of the fish.

148.

Many farmers grow a form legumes, like soybean plants, as one of their crops. How do legumes benefit the soil?

a)

Legumes do not require nitrogen in order to remain healthy.

b)

Legumes help to replenish the nitrogen removed by other crops.

c)

Legumes do not compete with decomposers like other plants.

d)

Legumes will not be eaten by herbivorous animals.

149.

Which organism in the food web shown to the right would

contain the highest concentration of chemical pollutants?

a)

Producers

b)

Primary Consumers

c)

Secondary Consumers

d)

Tertiary Consumners

150.

Which organism in the food web shown would

contain the lowest concentration of chemical pollutants?

a)

Producers

b)

Primary Consumers

c)

Secondary Consumers

d)

Tertiary Consumners

151.

What might cause the spiders population in

this ecosystem to decline?

a)

planting more tomatoes in the garden

b)

an increase in aphid reproduction rates

c)

adding fertilizer to the garden soil

d)

removing lacewings with insecticide

152.

What would likely happen next if the caterpillar

population was reduced by a new parasite invasion?

a)

the corn population would be reduced

b)

there would be an increase in the ant population

c)

the bird population would decline

d)

the fly larvae population would increase

153.

Lava from a volcano cools and becomes new, barren land. If this land is completely barren, then it would contain

a)

only abiotic factors

b)

only biotic factors

c)

both abiotic and biotic factors

d)

neither abiotic or biotic factors

154.

Each drawing above represents different stages in community succession. Which of the following represents the correct order that the stages would occur during ecological succession?

a)

Q – S – R – T

b)

R – T – Q – S

c)

T – R – Q – S

d)

S – Q – T – R

155.

What do we breath out that plants need?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

CO2

c)

Oxygen

d)

H2O

156.

What relationship is this?

a)

predator and prey

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

parasitism

157.

What relationship is this?

a)

predator and prey

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

parasitism

158.
Which symbols best describe mutualism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
159.
Which symbols best describe parasitism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
160.
A tick and a dog have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
neutralism
d)
parasitism
161.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This neither harms nor benefits the whales.
a)
Mutualsim 
b)
Parasitism 
c)
Commensalism 
162.
a relationship that occurs when two or more organims of the same species need the same resource at the same time
a)
competition
b)
symbiosis
c)
predation
163.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
164.
Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming from them in a food web?
a)
More than one organism may eat them. 
b)
They may eat more than one other organism. 
c)
This organism gets its energy from multiple sources. 
d)
They have no resources available to them.
165.

Which group is not represented in the food web?

a)

producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

decomposers

166.

In this energy pyramid, which organism would most likely be in level 2?

a)

bird

b)

fox

c)

caterpillar

d)

tree

167.

Suppose that a new predator of the rabbit migrated to this ecosystem. What is the most likely initial effect on the other organisms?

a)

More competition among the mice for food

b)

More competition among the hawks for food

c)

Less competition among snakes for food

d)

Less grass available for food

168.

The diagram shows why the ocean is a large carbon sink.


An increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can cause atmospheric temperatures to increase. Which statement best explains how this could affect the ocean as a carbon sink?

a)

Less atmospheric carbon dioxide would be available to phytoplankton

b)

Dissolved carbon dioxide gas in the ocean would increase because surface winds would cause a deeper circulation pattern, making more room for the gas

c)

Less carbon dioxide gas would be contained in the ocean because increasing precipitation would dilute the carbon entering the ocean

d)

Less carbon dioxide would be dissolved in the ocean because increasing atmospheric temperatures would cause the ocean temperature to increase

169.

The carbon cycle includes processes that release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and places that act as carbon reservoirs. The diagram in the image shows both major processes that release carbon and major carbon reservoirs.


Which of these disruptions would cause an excess output in the carbon cycle?

a)

The destruction of terrestrial biota

b)

Increases in marine biota

c)

A reduction in the use of fossil fuels

d)

A thickening of ocean sediments

170.

As a part of the nitrogen cycle, animals acquire some amino acids by doing which of the following?

a)

Breathing air

b)

Eating plants

c)

Drinking water

d)

Producing waste

171.

The diagram in the image represents the nitrogen cycle in a student's aquarium. Ammonia, nitrites, and, to a lesser degree, nitrates can be harmful to fish. The student wants to keep the nitrogen in this aquarium cycling normally without having to continually change the water.


Which of the following should the student add more of to help remove the nitrates and improve the natural cycling of nitrogen in this aquarium?

a)

Fish

b)

Plants

c)

Nitrobacter

d)

Water

172.

Enchanted Rock State Natural Area is located in central Texas. Enchanted Rock is a dome of granite. The area consists of four easily identifiable communities. The table describes the characteristics of each type of community in the area.


A student studying primary succession should focus on which of these communities?

a)

Open oak woodland

b)

Mesquite grassland

c)

Floodplain

d)

Granite rock

173.

The graph shows the basic changes in a forest community following a disturbance.


The information shown in the graph suggests that the changes in the forest community were caused by-

a)

tree-leaf replacement after a storm

b)

succession after a fire

c)

repeated habitat destruction

d)

decreased species diversity

174.

During secondary succession, which of these best describes why decomposing pioneer plants give way to larger, more complex plant species, such as hardwood trees?

a)

Increased amounts of sunlight are able to reach the ground while the pioneer species are decomposing

b)

Increased soil temperatures from decomposing pioneer species help tree seeds germinate more quickly

c)

Increased amounts of decomposing pioneer species remove nutrients that tree seedlings need to grow and mature

d)

Increased amounts of soil from decomposing pioneer species allow plants with more extensive root systems to become established

175.

Roads are often built through forests for industrial purposes or as land developed for residential or commercial needs. How would road construction through a forest most likely affect the ecosystem?

a)

Non-native species would replace native species

b)

The number of primary consumers would increase

c)

The natural succession of vegetation would change

d)

All producers will be eliminated from the community

176.

Dead zones are low-oxygen areas that develop on the sea floor. Scientists hypothesize that phytoplankton blooms cause the dead zones. Phytoplankton blooms occur when excess nutrients are introduced by pollution from fertilizers, sewage plants, and the burning of fossil fuels. Which of the following would most likely cause an increase in these contributors to dead zones?

a)

Rainfall patterns that increase freshwater runoff from terrestrial areas

b)

Replacing coal-fired power plants with windmills

c)

Farming practices that reduce nitrate and phosphate applications

d)

Constructing efficient water-recovery and treatment plants

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