wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Big Fun Semester Review

Total questions: 160

Worksheet time: 5hrs 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Astronauts need all of the following to survive in space EXCEPT-

a)

gravity

b)

oxygen to breathe

c)

exercise

d)

protective clothing

2.

Space stations require an oxygen system because the atmosphere in space -

a)

is airless

b)

is poisonous

c)

smells bad

d)

is humid

3.

Which of the following accommodations on the space station is used by astronauts to combat the effects of microgravity on their bones?

a)

special handles

b)

velcro straps

c)

exercise equipment

d)

oxygen system

4.

Radios are not required for astronauts to talk to each other when they are in the same room inside the space station because -

a)

A space station is filled with air that carries sound waves

b)

astronauts keep their helmets on inside the space station

c)

computers are used to communicate inside the station

d)

astronauts communicate with sign language in the space station

5.

Spacesuits have layers that have high capacity for thermal insulation in order to -

a)

regulate body temperature in the extremes of space

b)

prevent the spread of bacteria that thrive in space

c)

allow communication with the space station

d)

prevent the astronaut from sweating inside the suit

6.

What design element of an astronaut’s spacesuit protects him or her from micrometeoroids, which are tiny bits of space debris travelling at high speeds?

a)

large oxygen tank

b)

powerful jet packs

c)

small radio communicator

d)

tough outer shell

7.

Phototropism

a)

A plants growth response to gravity

b)

A plants growth response to light

c)

A plants growth response to touch

d)

A plants growth response to water

8.

Geotropism

a)

A plants growth response to gravity

b)

A plants growth response to light

c)

A plants growth response to touch

d)

A plants growth response to water

9.

Thigmotropism

a)

A plants growth response to gravity

b)

A plants growth response to light

c)

A plants growth response to touch

d)

A plants growth response to water

10.

Hydrotropism

a)

A plants growth response to gravity

b)

A plants growth response to light

c)

A plants growth response to touch

d)

A plants growth response to water

11.

Downward growth of roots are _____________ response to gravity?

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neutral

d)

There is no response

12.

upward growth of stems are _____________ response to gravity?

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neutral

d)

There is no response

13.

Tropisms

a)

Growth responses in plants; such as movement away from or toward a stimulus

b)

The bodies way of keeping in balance

c)

The which process causes a plant to wilt in response to too much or too little water

d)

The bodies way of reacting to a stimulus

14.

What tropism is being depicted

a)

Thigmotropism

b)

Phototropism

c)

Gravitropism

d)

Hydrotropism

15.

What tropism is being depicted

a)

Thigmotropism

b)

Phototropism

c)

Gravitropism

d)

Hydrotropism

16.

What tropism is being depicted

a)

Thigmotropism

b)

Phototropism

c)

Gravitropism

d)

Hydrotropism

17.

Which plant would be stiff and rigid?

a)

A

b)

B

18.

Which plant would be wilted or limp?

a)

A

b)

B

19.

The plant wilts when pressure .....

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

d)

none of the above

20.

Turgor pressure is a result of water in what plant cell organelle?

a)

Mitochondrion

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cell wall

d)

Vacuole

21.
When a plant grows toward a stimuli it is known as:
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
22.
What does this picture represent? 
a)
Thigmotropism
b)
Phototropism
c)
Hydrotropism
d)
Geotropism (Gravitropism)
23.

Which organelle is responsible making food (Glucose) using sunlight?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Nucleus

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

24.

The raw materials of a chemical reaction. Located on the left side of a chemical equation.

a)

water

b)

energy

c)

resources

d)

reactants

25.

The 'outputs' of a chemical reaction. Located on the right side of a chemical equation.

a)

products

b)

produce

c)

consumers

d)

detritis

26.

Pigment which 'fills' chloroplast. This pigment absorbs sunlight.

a)

nodules

b)

stomata

c)

chlorine

d)

chlorophyll

27.

A process plants use to turn sunlight into food: Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy (stored in glucose).

a)

toxoplasmosis

b)

photosynthesis

c)

aqua-synthesis

d)

homeosynthesis

28.

Taken in by the leaves of the plant to give the chloroplasts energy for food production.

a)

chlorophyll

b)

oxygen

c)

water

d)

sunlight

29.

Sunlight provides what type of energy?

a)

chemical energy

b)

thermal energy

c)

radiant energy

30.

The reactants to photosynthesis are...

a)

glucose and oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide and water

31.

The process of photosynthesis transforms _______ energy to _______ energy

a)

radiant : thermal

b)

thermal : chemical

c)

radiant : chemical

d)

chemical : radiant

32.

In an ecosystem, the ultimate source of energy is

a)

Sunlight

b)

Water

c)

Soil

d)

Air

33.

Animal that gets its energy and nutrition from eating plants.

a)

Parasite

b)

Herbivore

c)

Carnivore

d)

Ominvore

34.

Animal that gets its energy and nutrition from eating meat.

a)

Detritivore

b)

Ominvore

c)

Carnivore

d)

Herbivore

35.

Heterotrophs that get energy and nutrition from dead or decaying organisms or their waste products and recycle nutrients back to the ecosystem.

a)

Producer

b)

Trophic

c)

Decomposer

d)

Autotrooph

36.

Autotrophs--The bottom trophic level where all organisms produce their own food, usually by photosynthesis.

a)

Trophic Levels

b)

Producers

c)

Ominvores

d)

Herbivores

37.

How much energy is available to be passed on to the next level in a food web?

a)

100%

b)

10%

c)

50%

d)

75%

38.
The owl and weasel compete for which organism?
a)
Hawk
b)
Spider
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Shrew
39.
Which organisms have the most energy? 
a)
ladybugs
b)
plants
c)
owl
d)
mosquitoes
40.

Carnivores that eat herbivores are considered

a)

Secondary Consumers

b)

Primary Consumers

c)

Tertiary Consumers

d)

Quaternary Consumers

41.

What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

a)

To recycle nutrients

b)

To produce energy

c)

To capture sunlight

d)

To provide shelter

42.

In a food web, an organism that feeds on multiple types of organisms is called a

a)

Omnivore

b)

Carnivore

c)

Herbivore

d)

Producer

43.

Herbivores--The second trophic level where herbivores eat the primary producers.

a)

Detritivores

b)

Autotrophs

c)

Producers

d)

Primary Consumers

44.

The fourth trophic level where animals eat secondary consumers or below.

a)

Herbivore

b)

Autotroph

c)

Tertiary Consumer

d)

Tertiary Producer

45.

Which of the following is a sign that a chemical reaction (or change) has occurred?

a)

change in shape

b)

melting

c)

formation of a gas

d)

dissolving

46.

Is melting butter for popcorn a chemical or physical change?

a)

chemical

b)

physical

47.
Is burning wood a chemical or physical change?
a)
chemical
b)
physical
48.
Cutting your hair?
a)
Physical Change
b)
Chemical Change
49.
Is spoiling food a physical or chemical change?
a)
phyiscal
b)
chemical
50.

A change that does not result in a new substance.

a)

smoke

b)

physical

c)

chemical

d)

react

51.

A chemical change

a)

changes the physical properties of an object, but does not create a new substance.

b)

creates a new substance and cannot be undone.

52.
Fizzing, foaming, and burning are all examples of
a)
Chemical change
b)
Physical change
53.

Which picture is an example of abrasion?

a)
b)
c)
d)
54.

Weathering and erosion are NOT the same.

a)

True

b)

False

55.

Freezing and Thawing are a part of...

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

Weathering

56.

What is the effect of weathering on rocks and materials?

a)

Weathering breaks down material and then moves it.

b)

Weathering breaks down material but does not move it.

c)

Chicken Pot Pie.

57.

How is weathering different from erosion?

a)

Weathering usually happens after erosion.

b)

Weathering usually moves materials.

c)

Weathering breaks down (disintegrates) materials, but does not move them. Erosion moves them.

d)

Chicken Pot Pie.

58.

These falling rocks, sand and debris are an extreme example of _____________.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Both

d)

Neither

59.

Chemical weathering is caused by:

a)

Wind

b)

Temperature Change

c)

Acid Rain

d)

Rust

60.

Physical weathering is caused by:

a)

Water

b)

Temperature Change

c)

Wind

d)

Acid Rain

61.

Over long periods of time, deposition may change the Earth’s surface by _____.

a)

forming new land features.

b)

breaking down large rocks into smaller ones.

c)

washing away beaches.

d)

moving topsoil.

62.

_____ is the process by which soil and sediment (weathered rock) are transported (moved) from one place to another by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

Weathering

d)

Running Water

63.
What is the small broken down pieces of rock called?
a)
dirt
b)
grime
c)
sediment
d)
popcorn
64.

______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

65.

"Break, Take, Drop" =

a)

Erosion, Weathering, Deposition

b)

Deposition, Erosion, Weathering

c)

Weathering, Erosion, Deposition

d)

Weathering, Deposition, Erosion

66.

Which would most likely result in primary succession?

a)

old forest growing

b)

undisturbed prairie

c)

pollution kills mountain lake species

d)

a Newly formed volcanic island

67.

Both primary and secondary succession start with...

a)

modifying an area to allow more complex organisms to appear

b)

lichens and moss

c)

never reach climax community

d)

start from a volcano always

68.

What best describes the term succession?

a)

rapid changes that create an ecosystem overnight

b)

gradual changes over time to fully create or restore and ecosystem

c)

forest with the tallest trees

d)

the rate species produce offspring

69.

Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?

a)

loosen the dirt for new trees to take roots?

b)

provide food for animals returning to the area

c)

require plenty of sunlight to make their own food

d)

can grow even in areas with shallow soil

70.
What are examples of pioneer species in a primary succession?
a)
Bushes and Shrubs
b)
Oak trees
c)
Mossess and Lichens 
d)
A rose Bush
71.
A pioneer species is...
a)
a large organism
b)
the first organisms to adapt to a new environment 
c)
The best organism 
d)
Abiotic organisms 
72.
What is the most important function of pioneer species?
a)
To create rocks
b)
To create soil and add nutrients to the environment 
c)
To look nice
d)
Food for animals 
73.
A climax community is ….
a)
the beginning of a new ecological succession.
b)
the rocks in a new environment.
c)
the fire that will cause destruction.
d)
an area that reaches its greatest growing potential.
74.
What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
a)
Primary succession already has soil.
b)
Primary has soil and secondary does not
c)
soil is present in both
d)
primary has no soil and secondary has soil
75.
Why does primary succession take longer to reach climax community?
a)
Because trees do not perform photosyntheses.
b)
Because climax community is in a forrest.
c)
Because primary succession already has soil
d)
Because primary succession does not have soil
76.
The picture shows what type of succession?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quadanary
77.
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
a)
Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees
b)
Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses
c)
Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees
d)
Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees
78.

Previously occupied area is re-colonized following a disturbance that kills much or all of its community.     

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

Lichen

d)

Political Succession

79.

The end result of succession is...

a)

Climax Community

b)

Lichen

c)

Volcano

d)

Glacier Receding

80.
What catastrophic event does this picture depict? 
a)
Tsunami
b)
Tornado
c)
Hurricane
d)
Earthquake
81.

What catastrophic event could cause contaminated water?

a)

Tornado

b)

Flood

c)

Forest Fire

d)

Volcanic Eruption

82.
A large wave created by an underwater earthquake is called a...
a)
Earthquake 
b)
Hurricane
c)
Tsunami 
d)
Flood
83.

A diagram of the areas surrounding the Gulf of Mexico is provided.


A hurricane that comes in from the Gulf of Mexico will most likely have which of the following effects on a Texas habitat?

a)

Plants on Goose Island are killed by a flash flood.

b)

Trees in and around Austin are uprooted by heavy winds.

c)

Birds that eat fish on Galveston Island become extinct.

d)

Rains create new marshland habitats in Brazos Bend.

84.

A forest fire can have which of the following positive effects?

a)

Provides heat mammals need in colder seasons.

b)

Increases annual rainfall by forming more clouds.

c)

Clears underbrush to allow new plants to grow.

d)

Drives away predators that eat smaller animals.

85.
Lava or ash spewing from a mountain vent.
a)
Earthquake
b)
Flood
c)
Drought
d)
Volcano
86.
Caused by an unusually large amount of water for an area
a)
Earthquake
b)
Flood
c)
Drought
d)
Volcano
87.
A sudden shift in the earth's crust
a)
Earthquake
b)
Flood
c)
Drought
d)
Volcano
88.
A long period with no rain
a)
Earthquake
b)
Flood
c)
Drought
d)
Volcano
89.
A spinning funnel cloud which causes much destruction
a)
Tornado
b)
Hurricane
c)
Tsunami
d)
Meteor
90.
A large storm associated with low pressure, forms over water
a)
Tornado
b)
Hurricane
c)
Tsunami
d)
Meteor
91.

An species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem.

a)

invasive species

b)

keystone species

c)

producers

d)

gemstone species

92.

Low genetic diversity is a risk for organisms to become extinct. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

93.

The ability of an ecosystems to maintain biodiversity and production at a certain rate.

a)

sustainability

b)

ecosystems services

c)

conservation

94.
Does this picture show biodiversity?
a)
Yes
b)
No
95.
What does biodiversity mean?
a)
Only one species in an area.
b)
The different amount of species in an area
c)
All abiotic life
d)
Nitrogen fixation
96.
What is sustainability?
a)
the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
b)
a bunch of animals
c)
a loss
d)
a win
97.
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?
a)
Biotic are non-living things
b)
Abiotic are living organisms
c)
Biotic is life,
Abiotic is non-living
d)
Biotic is non-living, Abiotic is living
98.

How do biodiversity and stability work together?

a)

The lower the biodiversity the greater the stability of an ecosystem.

b)

The higher the biodiversity, the less stable the ecosystem

c)

The higher the biodiversity, the greater the stability of the ecosystem.

d)

Biodiversity has nothing to do with ecosystem stability.

99.
Which habitat exhibits the greatest biodiversity?
a)
A habitat with 15 different species with about 300 individuals each
b)
A habitat with 10 different species with about 75 individuals each
c)
A habitat with 4 different species with about 150 individuals each
d)
A habitat with only one species with about 2000 individual
100.

What is the best definition of animal adaptation?

a)

Changes to an animal's diet.

b)

Characteristics that help animals survive.

c)

Characteristics of an animal's habitat.

d)

Skills learned in order to hunt.

101.

Animals who travel to warmer habitats in the winter to escape the cold are using which behavioral adaptation?

a)

Mimicry

b)

Camouflage

c)

Hibernation

d)

Migration

102.

When animals go into a deep sleep during the winter, they are using which behavioral adaptation?

a)

Hibernation

b)

Mimicry

c)

Migration

d)

Camouflage

103.

Fill in the blank: A ______________ adaptation is the way an animal looks in order to help them survive.

a)

simple

b)

behavioral

c)

physical

d)

extreme

104.

I am a polar bear who lives in the arctic. My fur is a beautiful white, just like the snow I live in. What adaptation is this adaptation called?

a)

camouflage

b)

mimicry

c)

migration

d)

hibernation

105.

Which part of the plant above is a variance that stores food for the plant?

a)

Bulb

b)

Leaves

c)

Stem

d)

Flower

106.

a structure, behavior or trait in an organims that helps it survive (e.g. long neck)

a)

adaptation

b)

primary succession

c)

secondary succession

d)

mimicry

107.
clown fish live near sea anemones for protection
a)
behavioral adaptations
b)
structural adaptations
108.
Eagles have sharp talons
a)
behavioral adaptations
b)
structural adaptations
109.
Chipmunks gather and store acorns during the summer so they will have them in the winter.
a)
behavioral
b)
structural
110.
Plants grow towards sunlight to help them acquire as much sunlight as possible.
a)
behavioral
b)
structural
111.

Some animals pretend to be dead to protect themselves from predators

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

112.

What is a random change in a gene?

a)

mutation

b)

trait

c)

chromosome

d)

nucleus

113.
things organisms do to survive
a)
behavioral adaptations
b)
structural adaptations
114.

How do you "win" at natural selection?

a)

survive

b)

go extinct

c)

survive & reproduce

115.
Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Albert Einstein
c)
Steven Hawking
d)
Isaac Newton
116.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
117.
Why is the mouse population changing over time?
a)
The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
b)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
c)
The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
d)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
118.
Which organisms are most likely to survive?
a)
the best adapted
b)
the fastest
c)
the strongest
d)
the most domesticated (tamed)
119.

An example of selective breeding is

a)

a dog breeder mating 2 dogs to make more dogs

b)

a farmer grows bees to pollinate the plants on his farm

c)

a person pollinates 2 white rose plants to only create white roses

120.

One problem with selective breeding is

a)

creating a new species

b)

gene variety is lost

c)

extinction of a species

121.
Which is another term for selective breeding?
a)
Artificial selection
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Intelligent selection
122.

Problems with selective breeding include

a)

Better animals

b)

Increased meat production

c)

Animals can have bad health problems

d)

more diversity

123.

The purpose of selective breeding is to

a)

get bigger animals

b)

get smaller animals

c)

create animals with desirable traits

d)

create animals with bad traits

124.

Selective breeding

a)

organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

b)

process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics

125.

A student's model of an area near a city depicts many activities that affect the quality of the water in the area.

How does the agricultural activity most likely affect the surface water of the area?

a)

F. Excess crop fertilizer is carried by runoff into the river, causing excess growth of water plants.

b)

G. Excess crop material accumulates on the riverbanks, slowing the movement of the river water.

c)

H. Crops reduce erosion, increasing the amount of soil entering the river.

d)

J. Crops absorb pure water from the soil, causing the remaining water to contain more salt.

126.

Many processes occur on the digestive system. Which process is best classified as a physical change?

a)

F. Saliva converting the starch molecules in crackers into simple sugars.

b)

G. Digestive enzymes breaking down proteins into smaller fragments.

c)

H. Bacteria converting lactose into simple sugars in the intestines.

d)

J. Teeth grinding an almond into smaller pieces in the mouth.

127.

Ripping a piece of paper is an example of

a)

Physical Change

b)

Chemical Change

128.

A chemical change is something that can be undone

a)

True

b)

False

129.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a chemical change?

a)

burning a log

b)

rust forming on an object

c)

gas burning on a stove

d)

cutting lemons

130.

Fireworks in an example of

a)

Physical change

b)

Chemical change

131.

If a banana turns colors because it is rotten it is an example of 

a)

Physical change

b)

Chemical change

c)

both

d)

niether

132.
Dropping leaves in the fall is a characteristic of what type of tree?
a)
deciduous
b)
evergreen
c)
conifer
d)
bonsai
133.

Biome with many different species of cacti and reptiles and very little rainfall.

a)

Desert

b)

Temperate Rainforest

c)

Tropical Rainforest

d)

Arctic Tundra

134.
Type of forest biome near the equator; receives a lot of rain; temperatures are warm all year.
a)
desert
b)
tropical rain forest
c)
arctic
d)
temperate rain forest
135.

Which biome contains large populations of grazing herbivores, few species of birds, and deep, rich soil?

a)

tropical rain forest

b)

desert

c)

deciduous forest

d)

grassland

136.
The earth's coldest biome is the....
a)
Antartica
b)
Grasslands
c)
Tundra
d)
Freshwater
137.
The climate in a tropical rain forest can be described as
a)
cold and wet 
b)
warm and dry 
c)
cold and dry 
d)
warm and wet 
138.

What biome is this?

a)

rain forest

b)

deciduous forest

c)

Taiga

d)

tundra

139.

What biome is this?

a)

deciduous forest

b)

taiga

c)

desert

d)

grassland

140.
A large, relatively distinct region with a similar climate, soil, plants, and animals
a)
ecozones
b)
biotopes
c)
biomes
d)
biodomes
141.
One characteristic feature of tundra is that only the surface thaws in the summer and refreezes in the winter, leaving a layer of permanently frozen subsoil.  This characteristic is known as
a)
glaciation
b)
permafrost
c)
crystallization
d)
soilfrost
142.

How does the food chain start?

a)

Plant life uses energy from the sun to make food.

b)

Insects like grasshoppers eat plant life.

c)

Animals like rats eat insects.

d)

Humans eat large animals and plant life.

143.

The model above is an example of a ...

a)

food chain

b)

food web

c)

habitat

d)

ecosystem

144.

Which of these is an organism that does not depend on another living thing for food?

a)

the Sun

b)

an insect

c)

a plant

d)

an animal

145.

What does the arrow point to in a food chain?

a)

only the plants in a food chain

b)

only the animals in a food chain

c)

the organism that gets the energy

d)

the organism that lives the longest

146.

Which of the following is a structural adaptation for the underlined animal?

a)

A butterfly has bright colors to warn predators that it is poisonous.

b)

A hognose snake rolls over, slows its breathing, and hangs its tongue out to play dead.

c)

A herd of buffalo encircle their young to protect them from a pack of wolves.

d)

A dung beetle rolls a piece of dung across the desert.

147.
An example of a behavioral adaptation is
a)
The long neck of a giraffe
b)
Penguins huddling together for warmth
c)
A camel's hump used to store water
d)
A polar bear's white fur used for camouflage
148.

An example of a structural adaptation is...

a)

a turtle hiding inside its shell

b)

The spikes on a porcupine fish

c)

a rabbit burrowing underground

d)

a viper biting when threatened

149.
A lion has pointed teeth to help it tear meat off of the bone.
a)
Behavioral Adaptation
b)
Structural Adaptation
150.

____________occurs when one animal displays physical or behavioral traits that copy those of a different species.

a)

Adaptation

b)

Hibernation

c)

Mimicry

d)

Camouflage

151.

What catastrophic event is most likely to occur in a grassland?

a)

Tsunami

b)

Wildfire

c)

Volcanic Eruption

d)

Hurricane

152.

The river on the left is a younger version of the river on the right. What caused the river to change its shape?

a)

Volcanic eruptions and weathering

b)

Glaciation and earthquakes

c)

Crustal uplift and compression

d)

Deposition and erosion

153.

Fertilizer can seep through the ground to reach groundwater, what effect can it have?

a)

Fertilizer can cause groundwater to reverse flow

b)

Fertilizer can cause groundwater to freeze

c)

Fertilizer can cause groundwater to become undrinkable

d)

It will seep into the school

154.
Water from precipitation that drains into a gully  that slows into a stream, which in turn flows into a river lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, or the ocean.
a)
surface water
b)
ground water
c)
runoff 
d)
drainage
155.

Is erosion a physical or chemical change?

a)

Physical Change

b)

Chemical Change

156.

TRUE OR FALSE: All mutations are bad

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

157.

Which word describes the word "variation"?

a)

Adaptations

b)

Differences

c)

Traits

d)

Genetics

158.
Effect caused by limited food and other resources
a)
overproduction
b)
competition
c)
variations
d)
none of the above
159.
Effect caused by species producing more offspring than can survive
a)
overproduction
b)
competition
c)
variations
d)
none of the above
160.

What was the name of Charles Darwin's book where he discussed natural selection?

a)

"Natural Selection and Evolution: a Discussion"

b)

"A Study on Life Origins"

c)

"Galapagos Discoveries"

d)

"On the Origin of Species"