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WorksheetsHydrosphere & Atmosphere Summative Assessment
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 25hrs 46mins
Seawater density is influenced by two main factors:
Salinity, temperature
Density current, surface current
Density, temperature
Pycnocline, thermocline
Which term refers to the layer of water in which there is a rapid change of TEMPERATURE with ocean depth?
Thermocline
Abyssal Zone
Pycnocline
Deep Zone
Huge circular-moving current systems on the surfaces of oceans are called ______________.
Eddies
gyres
surface currents
longshore currents
One major source of elements in seawater is ______________.
Volcanic eruptions
Formation of sea ice
Melting icebergs
Evaporation
What causes ocean surface currents?
gravity
friction between the ocean and wind on its surface
ocean movements associated with earthquakes
changes in ocean water density
The water cycle is the ______________.
Distribution of drinking water on Earth.
Unending circulation of Earth's water supply.
The recycling of water after industrial use.
The evaporation of water from Earth's surface.
What is one way that ocean currents can affect the climate of an area?
making ocean water evaporate.
changing the density of water in the tropics.
transferring heat from the polar regions to the tropics.
transferring heat and cold between the tropics and polar regions.
What is the importance of upwelling?
It brings deep cold water and nutrients to the surface.
It brings warm water from the tropics to the poles.
It helps warm the North Atlantic gyre.
It decreases winds along exposed coastlines.
Which is NOT a zone in the three-layered structure of the ocean according to density?
surface mixed zone
transition zone
deep zone
intertidal zone
What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by the oceans?
52%
87%
38%
71%
Which of the following is NOT a major ocean?
Atlantic
Australian
Pacific
Southern
Cold ocean water will ______________.
sink
float
All of the following will decrease the salinity of ocean water except ______________.
precipitation
melting sea ice
runoff
evaporation
Both the thermocline and the pycnocline exist at what depth?
0-100m
300-1000m
500-600m
1500-4500m
The water cycle is powered by energy from the Sun and ______________.
gravity
Coriolis Effect
precipitation
density
Where will a warm water current form?
equator
North/South Pole
Density current
Precipitation
A current that moves from the equator to the poles will be a ______________.
cold
warm
runoff
evaporation
A current from the poles to the equator is a ______________.
cold
warm
runoff
precipitation
Where will a cold water current form?
Equator
North/South Pole
Runoff
Melting iceberg
The amount of dissolved material in the ocean is its ______________.
Melting Sea Ice
Melting Iceberg
Density Current
Salinity
When ocean water reaches the poles, it sinks and makes a vertical ocean current called a ______________.
Density Current
Salinity
Melting Iceberg
Runoff
The transition zone includes the ______________.
Upwelling, Gyre
Precipitation, Evaporation
Thermocline, Pycnocline
Surface Current, Atlantic
Name the two processes that are balance each other in Earth's water cycle:
Upwelling, Gyre
Precipitation, Evaporation
Pycnocline, Thermocline
Surface Current, Atlantic
Clouds form due to the process of ______________.
Upwelling
Precipitation
Evaporation
Condensation
Huge circular-moving systems of currents that dominate the surfaces of oceans are called ______________.
Upwelling
Gyre
Pycnocline
Surface Current
The west coast of the U.S. borders the Ocean and the east coast borders the Ocean.
Atlantic, Pacific
Australian, Atlantic
Equatorial, Australian
Pacific, Atlantic
The major greenhouse gases include all of the following except.
methane
oxygen
water vapor
carbon dioxide
What is responsible for warming Earth's lower atmosphere and surface, allowing life to exist on Earth?
El Niño
global winds
the Coriolis effect
the Greenhouse effect
Describes the atmospheric conditions that take place over a longer period of time and helps describe a place or region.
weather
meteorology
climate
global warming
The two gases that comprise 99% of the atmosphere are ______________.
oxygen and nitrogen
oxygen and carbon dioxide
argon and ozone
nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Temperate climates zone experience ______________.
hot summers and hot winters.
cold winters and hot summers.
cold winters and cold summers.
cold summers and hot winters.
What is the name for an air mass that is dry and cold?
Maritime Polar
Maritime Tropical
Continental Polar
Continental Tropical
What is the name of an air mass that is humid and warm?
Maritime Polar
Maritime Tropic
Continental Polar
Continental Tropic
What is the name for an air mass that is cold and humid?
Maritime Polar
Maritime Tropic
Continental Polar
Continental Tropic
What name is given to air masses that are warm and dry?
Maritime Polar
Maritime Tropic
Continental Polar
Continental Tropic
Climates that are closer to the equator are generally. than climates farther from the equator.
Cooler
Warmer
The same
Dryer
When two air masses of different densities meet, the boundary is called a ______________.
high pressure zone
front
occlusion
thunderstorm
In the last 200 years, the burning of fossil fuels has released major amounts of this greenhouse gas into the atmosphere:
water vapor
oxygen
carbon dioxide
methane
The layer of the atmosphere where weather takes place is the:
thermosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
Solar energy reaches the Earth through ______________.
radiation
conduction
convention
scattering
Wind is caused by differences in ______________.
the Coriolis effect
air pressure
temperature
friction
Which is NOT a factor that affects wind?
pressure differences
solar radiation
friction
the Coriolis effect
A high pressure gradient will result in ______________.
no wind.
a calm, low wind.
a change in wind direction.
a strong, high wind.
Cyclones often produce bad weather, while ______________ often produce good weather.
anticyclones
monsoons
jet streams
landmasses
Global warming is ______________.
an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
the increase in global temperatures due to increased amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
an increase in the amount of solar radiation
an increase in the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere
The major gas involved in the greenhouse effect is ______________.
oxygen
nitrogen
argon
carbon dioxide
Distribute heat and moisture around the Earth.
Greenhouse gases
Pressure gradients
Global winds
Plate tectonics
The gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth is called the ______________.
atmosphere
biosphere
geosphere
hydrosphere
What type of front has quick strong storms that are over quickly, followed by a drop in temperature?
Cold
Warm
Stationary
Occulded
What type of front happens when a cold air mass and warm air mass meet and do not move?
Cold
Warm
Stationary
Occluded
What type of front moves slowly and brings gentle rains that last for a few days?
Cold
Warm
Stationary
Occluded
The major difference between climate and weather is ______________.
climate refers to a short period of time, while weather refers to a longer period of time.
climate happens in the morning and weather happens at night.
weather refers to what is happening right now, while climate is over a longer period of time.
weather happens in the Northern Hemisphere, climate happens in the Southern Hemisphere.
High-pressure systems usually are associated with ______________.
Clouds and precipitation, fair weather
The jet stream, fronts
Fair weather, clouds and precipitation
Fair weather, fair weather
Which is a natural process that affects climate change?
Ocean circulation
Amount of solar radiation
Volcanic activity and plate tectonics
All affect climate change
Which of the following is true?
Climates at high latitudes (near the poles) are very warm.
A nearby ocean causes a climate to be colder.
Mountains can affect the amount of precipitation that falls in an area.
Places at lower elevations generally have colder temperatures.
Transportation is a major source of pollution, adding large amounts of this gas to the atmosphere:
argon
carbon monoxide
sulfur trioxide
methane
Along with greenhouse gases, the presence of ______________.
ozone
neon
argon
helium
Which of the following would make the best definition for global warming?
a decrease in the amount of methane in the atmosphere
the increase in global temperatures due to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
an increase in the amount of solar radiation
an increase in the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere
The layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer ______________.
Hydrosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
Mesosphere
This gas is the major component of Earth's atmosphere, around 78%.
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Methane
Nitrogen
The natural warming of Earth's lower atmosphere and surface ______________.
Greenhouse Effect
Weather
Global Warming
Climate
A description of atmospheric conditions over a long period of time ______________.
Greenhouse Effect
Weather
Global Warming
Climate
The fourth layer of the atmosphere, closest of the four layers to space ______________.
Thermosphere
Stratosphere
Atmosphere
Mesosphere
This gas makes up approximately 21% of Earth's atmosphere ______________.
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Methane
Nitrogen
The study of Earth's atmosphere, weather and climate ______________.
Weather
Climate
Atmosphere
Meterology
One of the major greenhouse gases ______________.
Oxygen
Water vapor
Argon
Nitrogen
The layer of the atmosphere closest to Earth where weather takes place.
Thermosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
Exosphere
Refers to the atmosphere at any given place/time, constantly changing.
Greenhouse Effect
Weather
Global Warming
Climate
The most abundant salt in seawater is ______________.
potassium chloride
lithium bromide
sodium chloride
calcium bromide
The ______________ is the deflection of currents away from their original course as a result of Earth's rotation.
Water cycle
Intertidal zone
Greenhouse effect
Coriolis effect
Currents that flow from the equator toward the poles are usually ______________.
The air in the troposphere has a greater density than the air in any other layer of the atmosphere.
When warm air rises and cools high in the atmosphere and then sinks to the earth creates _________ currents.
Which best explains why there is higher salinity near the equator than in coastal regions?
The ocean is deeper at the equator, resulting in a higher concentration of salt.
The rotation of the Earth causes increased evaporation of freshwater at the equator, leaving the salt behind.
The water temperature is higher at the equator, causing increased evaporation of freshwater and leaving the salt behind.
Large ships transporting cargo across the ocean move the salt from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.
Which best describe how the total amount of water present in the hydrosphere varies over time?
The total amount of water in the hydrosphere decrease over time due to the process of evaporation.
The total amount of water in the hydrosphere increase over time due to the process of precipitation.
The total amount of water in the hydrosphere remains the same over time, but changes form due to the water cycle.
The total amount of water in the hydrosphere both decreases and increases over time due to competing processes such as evaporation and precipitation.
What percent of the water is located in oceans?
97%
3%
96%
1%
