Enlightenment philosopher who championed the idea of "separation of powers," arguing that a king's power should be divided among other branches of government.

Enlightenment philosopher who championed the ideas of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state.

Enlightenment philosopher who believed that people were essentially evil, selfish, and greedy; therefore, the best form of government is an absolute monarchy.

Enlightenment philosopher who championed the idea of the social contract, which is the belief that the government protects its citizens, and in exchange, citizens will obey the law and influence laws to be passed. The social contract also states that people can overthrow a government that does not protect them.

"Let the decision stand" is the practice of judges looking at past cases to make their decisions. Which Latin term best describes this?

Which U.S. Supreme Court case saw the Court rule that a school newspaper does not have the same rights as a regular newspaper?

Which of the following represents the greatest weakness of the U.S. Supreme Court?

This judicial philosophy believes that matters of legislation should be left to elected representatives, not judges!

N.A.S.A., the E.P.A., and the F.C.C. are all examples of?

Which of the following would be the most effective way for Congress to control all agencies of the federal bureaucracy?

This President created the "Spoils System" or a system o f government in which political jobs and appointments are based on loyalty to the President, not your skills or knowledge!

Power gained by the U.S. Supreme Court in the Marbury v. Madison (1803) case, in which the court obtained the authority to decide whether actions by Congress or the President are constitutional or unconstitutional.

The practice of members of Congress exchanging favors and votes with each other to get their bills passed through Congress?

U.S. historical document written by James Madison that warned about the rise and dangers of factions within the government, but suggested these "factions" could be tamed by a large government and country.

U.S. historical document written by Robert Yates, an Antifederalist, who argued that the two most dangerous clauses of the new U.S. Constitution were the Supremacy Clause and the Necessary and Proper Clause.

U.S. historical document written by Alexander Hamilton in which he argues for a strong executive leader who could react quickly to a crisis facing the country, and a person who can be blamed for the nation's failings as well.

U.S. historical document written by Alexander Hamilton in which he argues to Antifederalists that the U.S. Supreme Court should not be feared because it must rely on the President to enforce its decisions.

Which Article of the U.S. Constitution established the U.S. Supreme Court and all lower federal courts?

Which Article of the U.S. Constitution established the Executive branch, "The President"?

Which Article of the U.S. Constitution established the Legislative Branch and includes expressed or enumerated powers?

Which Article of the U.S. Constitution established that states have powers reserved to them alone, such as the right to control marriage laws, public schools, licensing of professionals, and voting qualifications?

Which Article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the "Supremacy Clause," which states that the U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land and that there is none higher?

Which Article of the U.S. Constitution explains how to amend the U.S. Constitution?

To amend the U.S. Constitution, what vote is required in Congress?

To approve a Constitutional amendment, _______ of all U.S. states must agree.

What are the three levels of federal courts?

Power gained by the U.S. Supreme Court in the Marbury v. Madison (1803) case?

The N.C. Court System contains four levels: the N.C. Supreme Court, the N.C. Circuit Court of Appeals, the _______________________, and County District Courts. Which level belongs in the blank?

All of the following are ways that the U.S. Congress / Legislative Branch can check the power of the Executive Branch, except:

All of the following are ways that the Executive Branch can check the power of the U.S. Congress / Legislative Branch, except?

All of the following ways can be used to check the power of the Judicial branch.

In this Federalist paper, Alexander Hamilton wrote that the U.S. Supreme Court is not a threat because it lacks the power of the purse held by Congress, nor does it have the power of the sword held by the Executive branch.

The President has the power to appoint members to the U.S. Supreme Court. Who must confirm (approve) all Presidential appointments?

Once a President decides to nominate someone to the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. Senate must approve the nomination by?

Most bills proposed in Congress die in which of the following?

Elected representatives can play three roles once elected. Which role are they playing when they choose to listen to what a majority of their constituents want?

Elected representatives can play three roles once elected. Which role are they playing when they choose to listen to their constituents, then use their own best judgement to make a decision?

Elected representatives can play three roles once elected. Which role are they playing when they choose to put the needs of their political party over the needs of their constituents?

Elected representatives can play three roles once elected. Which role are they playing when they act as professional politicians and consider all sides before making a decision?

Which of the following best represents an informal power of the President?

Which of the following best represents a formal power of the President?

Which of the following actions can the President take without consulting the U.S. House or Senate?

Examine the attached image. What practice is being demonstrated, where political parties redraw district lines to give themselves an advantage over the other party?

In this document, Alexander Hamilton argues that an energetic President is necessary for a good government.

Which of the following is a tactic used in the U.S. Senate to delay action on a bill by gaining control of the Senate floor and refusing to give it up?

Tactic used by the President in which he or she holds on to a bill for a period of 10 days. If Congress has adjourned ("gone home"), then the bill is vetoed.

If the President holds a bill for 10 days without signing it and Congress is still in session, what happens?

This process, ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court, allowed a President to go through a bill line by line and veto items he or she did not like. What is this process called?

This act passed by Congress was done so by using the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution and found that African Americans were victims of discrimination in both trade and business.

What is one major advantage of a President using an executive agreement?

People who live in a specific member's Congressional district are often referred to as?

This U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that the U.S. government has the power to establish a national bank as part of its implied powers.

Which of the following is NOT a reserved power given to states under the 10th Amendment?

Which clause of the U.S. Constitution allows Congress to change the law over time and makes the Constitution a living document?

Which clause of the U.S. Constitution requires states to generally respect each other's civil laws? For example, New York and North Carolina respect each other's marriage laws and driver's licenses.

Which clause of the U.S. Constitution requires states to treat citizens of other states the same as their own citizens? For example, North Carolina cannot tax citizens of Ohio who move to North Carolina at higher rates than their own citizens.

What was the main goal of Brutus #1, as written by Robert Yates?

Declaring war, establishing post offices, and raising armies and navies are all examples of which type of power?

Collecting taxes, writing laws, establishing courts, and borrowing money are all examples of which type of power?

Establishing a national bank, invoking a military draft, and regulating immigration are all examples of which type of power?

This U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that Congress violated the Commerce Clause by attempting to regulate interstate commerce through the creation of the Gun Free School Zones Act of 1990.

This U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that "students' rights do not stop at the schoolhouse door" when students wore black armbands to protest the Vietnam War.

States have the sole authority to regulate elections and establish voting qualifications.

According to James Madison in Federalist #10, what is one major weakness of having elected representatives?

A model of democracy in which a small number of people, usually those who are wealthy and well-educated, control most of the political decision-making. A great example is the Electoral College.

A model of democracy in which a small number of people, usually those who are wealthy and well-educated, control most of the political decision-making. A great example is the Electoral College.

A model of democracy in which no single group dominates political decision-making, and organized interest groups compete with each other to influence policy. A great example of this would be the National Rifle Association (NRA) or the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP).

A model of democracy in which citizens have the power to make political decisions, and politicians are responsible for implementing those political or policy decisions. Good examples include voting in local elections or participating in community affairs.

The right of the people to choose the form of government under which they will live is known as?

Under the Articles of Confederation, what was considered the chief weakness that led to the collapse of the Articles?

Which event led to the collapse of the Articles of Confederation and initiated the need for the Constitutional Convention?

Examine the attached image. It is representative of which Constitutional Compromise that counted some slaves towards a state's population and treated others as property?

Which Constitutional Compromise was a deal made between small states represented by the New Jersey Plan and large states represented by the Virginia Plan?

Which Constitutional Compromise was worked out between Federalists, who wanted a strong federal government, and Antifederalists, who wanted strong state governments?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment restricts the rights of citizens to sue or file lawsuits against states?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment includes all other rights retained by the people that are not mentioned in other amendments? Examples include the right to move where you want or to own a home.

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment created a separate ballot for the President and Vice President in the Electoral College?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment created the first income tax to be collected from all Americans to help pay for the Civil War?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment provided the right to vote for black men and created "universal male suffrage?"

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment made all former slaves U.S. citizens and contains the Equal Protection Clause and the Due Process Clause?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment made it possible for the American people to vote directly for U.S. Senators, taking this power from state legislatures?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment set the dates of both Presidential and Congressional terms to January 20 and January 3 to reduce the amount of time it took for both the President and Congress to assume their positions?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment is best represented by the attached image?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment granted Washington, D.C. the right to cast three electoral votes in presidential elections?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment is best represented by the attached image?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment is best represented by the attached image?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment would have allowed President Woodrow Wilson's Vice President to replace him as President after his stroke?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment is best represented by the attached image?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment is best remembered by the acronym S.I.D.E.D., which stands for Self-Incrimination, Indictment, Due Process, Eminent Domain, and Double Jeopardy?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment contains both the Free Exercise Clause and the Establishment Clause?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment best represents U.S. Supreme Court cases such as D.C. v. Heller (2008) and McDonald v. Chicago (2010)?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment can best be remembered with the acronym F.A.C.T.S., which provides citizens with the rights to face your accuser, an attorney, call witnesses, trial by jury (both speedy and public), and state the charges?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment would prohibit the punishment shown in the attached image?

Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment would allow you to sue McDonald's for serving you coffee that was far too hot and injured you?

Which of the following cases directly involve the 4th Amendment rights against illegal search and seizure?

Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case involves the defendant's right to an attorney when facing felony charges?

Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case involves the police informing criminal defendants of their rights: "You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have a right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you."

Which of the following are strongly supported by the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause and include rights such as voting, the right to a fair trial, and the right to an attorney?

Which of the following are strongly supported by the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause, and include rights such as privacy and those generally found in the 1st Amendment?

According to the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988), are schools allowed to censor what students write in school newspapers?

In the U.S. Supreme Court case of Mapp v. Ohio (1961), a search warrant was executed to search for a former boyfriend; however, the police did not find him. The police did find pornographic material and arrested Mapp. Which rule states that police cannot use illegally obtained evidence in a court of law?

Which Supreme Court case below specifically deals with a defendant's right to free speech, in which the court ruled that a defendant's words must rise to the level of "Imminent Lawless Action!"

Which Supreme Court case below saw the Supreme Court rule that public schools cannot lead or engage in leading students in school prayer, as it is a violation of the 1st Amendment's establishment clause?

Which Congressional Committee is responsible for resolving the differences between a bill passed by the U.S. House of Representatives and a similar bill passed by the U.S. Senate?

Major U.S. Constitutional compromise that created a bicameral legislature: one house based on a state's population, the other house based on equality among the states. Also known as the Connecticut Plan.

The two sides fighting over ratification of the new U.S. Constitution?

Thomas Jefferson, George Mason, Patrick Henry, and Robert Yates

Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison, and John Adams

The belief that government should only exercise those powers given to it under the Constitution and no more!

This person runs the Executive Office of the President (EOP) and does everything from helping the President decide policy matters to deciding who gets to meet with the President.

Which two powers belong exclusively to the House of Representatives?

Which two powers belong exclusively to the U.S. Senate?

The second-highest ranking member of the U.S. Senate usually takes the Vice President's place when they cannot preside over the Senate.

The policy of the U.S. Supreme Court holds that the 14th Amendment requires states to include the Bill of Rights in their own state constitutions.

What makes the federal bureaucracy so effective at doing its job?

Why are modern-day Presidents so focused on appointing or nominating ever younger justices to the U.S. Supreme Court?

Which U.S. Supreme Court case decided that a parent's religious rights were more important than a state law requiring students to attend public school until age 16?

Which U.S. Supreme Court case decided that a defendant's right to send obscene mail through the U.S. Postal Service was not protected under the 1st Amendment right to free speech?

Which U.S. Supreme Court case ruled that the defendant(s) had presented a "Clear and Present Danger" by encouraging others to burn their draft cards and refuse to serve during World War I? Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes remarked, "Freedom of Speech doesn't mean you can yell fire in a crowded movie theater!"

Which of the following was designed to be the least responsive to public opinion?

What makes a U.S. Supreme Court justice unique compared to the other two branches of the federal government?

Only the U.S. Senate may use a filibuster to stop or slow down legislation. What is the only way to stop a filibuster? It is also referred to as the "nuclear option."

What are three options a President has regarding legislation passed by Congress?

Which role is the President fulfilling when he deploys troops to a foreign country to rescue American hostages?

Which role does the President play when he or she nominates members to the U.S. Supreme Court or appoints officials to lead Executive Departments?

The Michigan Wolverines have just won the NCAA Division I national championship in football. What role would the President be playing if he or she invites the Wolverines to the White House to celebrate their accomplishment?