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WorksheetsAdv Bio Unit 3- Cellular Processes
Total questions: 79
Worksheet time: 48mins
Peripheral membrane protein
A membrane that only allows certain materials to pass through.
Two sheets of phospholipid molecules with all of the molecules of each sheet aligned in the same direction.
a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane.
a type of membrane protein that attaches and detaches from the cell membrane at different times.
Integral membrane protein
A membrane that only allows certain materials to pass through.
Two sheets of phospholipid molecules with all of the molecules of each sheet aligned in the same direction.
a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane.
a type of membrane protein that attaches and detaches from the cell membrane at different times.
Bilayer
A membrane that only allows certain materials to pass through.
Two sheets of phospholipid molecules with all of the molecules of each sheet aligned in the same direction.
a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane.
a type of membrane protein that attaches and detaches from the cell membrane at different times.
Semipermeable/selectively permeable
A membrane that only allows certain materials to pass through.
Two sheets of phospholipid molecules with all of the molecules of each sheet aligned in the same direction.
a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane.
a type of membrane protein that attaches and detaches from the cell membrane at different times.
Cell structures are not living.
True
False
Cell structures are living.
True
False
All biological membranes have the same basic structures including proteins, glycolipids etc.
True
False
Only cell membranes have the same basic structures including proteins, glycolipids etc.
True
False
_______ and _______ molecules have a easier time getting through the cell membrane
Small
Ucharged
Large
Uncharged
_______ and _______ molecules have a harder time getting through the cell membrane
Small
Charged
Large
Uncharged
The plasma membrane has been often described as a fluid mosaic, which is reflective of the discovery that oftentimes the lipid molecules in the bilayer can move about in the plane of the membrane.
True
False
The plasma membrane has been often described as a solid mosaic, which is reflective of the discovery that oftentimes the lipid molecules in the bilayer can freeze in the plane of the membrane.
True
False
Membranes that are selectively permeable are permeable to some materials.
True
False
Membranes that are semipermeable are permeable to some materials.
True
False
Membranes that are selectively permeable control the specific substances that are allowed in and out.
True
False
Membranes that are semipermeable control the specific substances that are allowed in and out.
True
False
All biological membranes[Membranes associated with cells] are constructed using phospholipid molecules. They are modified to have a (a) group into the molecular structure.
Phospholipids are modified because the phosphate group is negatively charged, making the head ______and ________.
Nonpolar, hydrophilic
Polar, nonpolar
Hydrophobic, polar
Polar, hydrophilic
Phospholipid have ___ instead of ___ fatty acids chains
Two, three
Three, two
What keeps the cell membrane from break apart is________ between the heads of the phospholipids.
Cytoskeleton
the polar pull
the hydrogen bonds
Cytoplasm
Peripheral proteins ____.
are embedded within one layer.
are embedded within both layer.
Integral proteins ____.
are embedded within one layer.
are embedded within both layer.
Transport proteins are always peripheral proteins but not all peripheral proteins are transport proteins.
True
False
Functions of membrane proteins include:
Anchors and molecule support
Cell recognition and signaling
Transport
Teleport
Anchors and structural support
Cells must have a way to assess their environment and respond, according, therefore they must have the ability to send signals, receive signals and communicate with neighboring cells. Glycolipids and proteins are responsible for these functions.
True
False
Glycolipids
Membrane proteins with carbohydrates attached.
Phospholipids with carbohydrates attached.
Glycoproteins
Membrane proteins with carbohydrates attached.
Phospholipids with carbohydrates attached.
Glycolipids & Glycoproteins are always on the inside of the cell membrane.
True
False
Support Protein functions:
Help maintain cell shape(attached to cytoskeleton)
Help maintain cellular attachments(attached to extracellular matrix).
-They are all highly molecule specific (only allow certain molecules to go across)
Types of transport protiens:
Carrier Protein
Protein Pump
Glycoprotein
Channel protein
Glycolipid
Types of signaling proteins:
Carrier Protein
Protein Pump
Glycoprotein
Channel protein
Glycolipid
Passive Transport:
the cell does need to use a supply of energy to move the molecules through the membrane, the molecules do not move across on their own. (ex: Protein Pump)
the cell does not need to use a supply of energy to move the molecules through the membrane, the molecules move across on their own. (ex: Channels & carriers)
Active Transport:
the cell does need to use a supply of energy to move the molecules through the membrane, the molecules do not move across on their own. (ex: Protein Pump)
the cell does not need to use a supply of energy to move the molecules through the membrane, the molecules move across on their own. (ex: Channels & carriers)
Passive transport proteins
Carrier
Pump
Channel
Active transport proteins
Carrier
Pump
Channel
Protein Pumps...
They use this energy to pump molecules across the cell membrane, moving from a low concentration to a high concentration.
form a tunnel across the entire membrane, allowing only one or a few types of specific molecules to simply move across the membrane.
bind to a molecule of the substance on one side of the membrane, change shape, transport the molecule across the membrane, and release the molecule on the other side.
Carrier Protein ...
They use this energy to pump molecules across the cell membrane, moving from a low concentration to a high concentration.
form a tunnel across the entire membrane, allowing only one or a few types of specific molecules to simply move across the membrane.
bind to a molecule of the substance on one side of the membrane, change shape, transport the molecule across the membrane, and release the molecule on the other side.
Protein channels ...
They use this energy to pump molecules across the cell membrane, moving from a low concentration to a high concentration.
form a tunnel across the entire membrane, allowing only one or a few types of specific molecules to simply move across the membrane.
bind to a molecule of the substance on one side of the membrane, change shape, transport the molecule across the membrane, and release the molecule on the other side.
Cytoskeleton is attached to many proteins in the cell membrane.
True
False
Extra cellular
means outside of the cell
means inside of the cell.
Intracellular
means outside of the cell
means inside of the cell.
The support proteins help other cells to connect with the cell. (a) proteins also help keeping multiple cells together.
Cholesterol is a specialized lipid that can be used to change the membrane's fluidity of _____cells and the cells of ______ as environmental conditions(temperature) change.
animal-like protists
animal cells
plant-like protists
bacteria
Cholesterol is a (a) .
Cells with cell walls will not have (a) .
Cholesterol is not long enough to go through both layers but can be found in either layer.
True
False
Cholesterol acts as a (a) of membrane fluidity.
As temperature increases fluidity ______ and as temperature decreases fluidity _______.
increases, decreases
decreases, increases
increases, increases
decreases, decreases
As the temperature increases the cholesterol concentration _________ and as the temperature decreases cholesterol concentration _________.
decreases, increases
increases, decreases
decreases, decreases
increases, increases
Cholesterol during cold tempatures:
it stabilizes the membrane and raises the melting point.
it prevents phospholipids from packing together too close together which would lead to stiffening.
Cholesterol during hot temperatures:
it stabilizes the membrane and raises the melting point.
it prevents phospholipids from packing together too close together which would lead to stiffening.
The function of the contractile vacuole is to take that water in and once it fills up the organelle sends the water back to the outside environment.
True
False
The function of the contractile vacuole is to take that water out and once it out the organelle takes the water back into the inside environment.
True
False
Types of Transports across cell membranes:
Passive Transport
Bluk Transport
Bulk Transport
Active Transport
Access points across the membrane
Membrane Proteins
Cholesterol
Space between Phospholipids
Simple Diffusion is what type of transport?
active
passive
bulk
Facilitated Diffusion is what type of transport?
active
passive
bulk
Osmosis is what type of transport?
active
passive
bulk
Endocytosis is what type of transport?
active
passive
bulk
Protein Pumps are what type of transport?
active
passive
bulk
Exocytosis are what type of transport?
active
passive
bulk
What process(es) require the cell to use energy?
Exocytosis
Osmosis
Protein Pumps
Endocytosis
What process(es) do not require the cell to use energy?
Exocytosis
Osmosis
Simple/Facilitated Diffusion
Endocytosis
This type of transport is when the cell does not use energy to move molecules across the membrane.
(a)
When molecules move in this direction, it can be also be described as the molecule moving ___ their concentration gradient.
down
against
up
with
Once molecules have moved across the membrane using this process, it is possible for (a) to be reached where the concentration of a molecule is distributed equally in both the extracellular and intracellular environments.
only very (a) molecules can move between the phospholipids.
If it has _____ the movement won't stop but will slow the rate down a very significant amount.
(This is simple diffusion unless it is going through a protein then it is called facilitated diffusion.)
water
a charge
nonpolarity
Aquaporins are (a) proteins.
When molecules move across a membrane using a channel protein or carrier protein, this is called ____________.
simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
The diffusion of water is called ______.
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
simple diffusion
Endocytosis
Dynamic equilibrium is not only having equal amounts of molecules in the two environments but having ______________
equal movement of these molecules.
unequal movement of these molecules.
However, not all cells can maintain homeostasis when there is dynamic equilibrium. Some cells are at their optimum when the environment is ______ to the cell. Plant cells are an example of cells that work best in this environment.
hypertonic
hypotonic
Isotonic
In cells with cell walls, the shrinking of the cell could result in in the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall and collapse inward. This phenomenon is called_________
lysis
plasmolysis
cytolysis
Turgor pressure is ...
plant cell in an isotonic solution such that the plasma membrane is not pressed tightly against the cell wall, and therefore, is neither swollen (turgid) nor plasmolyzed.
having equal amounts of molecules in the two environments and having equal movement of these molecules.
the internal water pressure exerted on a cell wall.
the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall.
When plant cells begin to lose water, the cells become flaccid whereby turgor pressure _______which can cause the plant to wilt or lean.
increases
decreases
Flaccid corresponds to a cell lacking turgidity. They are not plump and swollen but floppy or loose, and cells have drawn in and pulled away from the cell wall.
False
True
Flaccid corresponds to a cell having turgidity. They are plump and swollen and not floppy or loose, and cells have drawn out and pushed towards from the cell wall.
False
True
In what step of cellular respiration is glucose broken down
Aerobic Respiration
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
