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Worksheetschapter 7
Total questions: 46
Worksheet time: 25mins
Osteology is ……
The study of bone
The study of tissue
The skeletal system of …..
Bones
Cartilages
Ligaments
All of the above
What does cartilage do?
Forerunner of most bones (covers many joint surfaces of mature bones)
Holds bones together at joints
Attach muscle to bone
All of the above
What do ligaments do?
Hold bones together at joints
Attach muscle to bone
Forerunner of most bones
All of the above
What do tendons do?
Hold bones together at joints
Forerunner of most bones
Attach muscle to bone
None of the above
What are the functions of the Skelton?
Support, protection, movement, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, blood formation
Absoprtion, secretion, and PH balance
Blood formation, acid base, protection and movement
All of the above
None of the above
Bone tissue (called osseous tissue as well) is?
The process of tissue
None mentioned
Connective tissue w the matrix hardened by calcium phosphate and other minerals
What is mineralization/calcification?
Hardening process of tissue
Both a and c
The hardening process of bone
Individual bones/organs consists of ….
Bone tissue
Bone marrow
Cartilage
Adipose tissue, nervous tissue, fibrous connect tissue
All of the above
Characteristics of flat bones (fb is a general features of bone) are?
Thin, curved plates
Protects soft organs
All of the above
What are the characteristics of Long bones? (gf of bones)
Longer than wide
A rigid levers acted upon by muscles: crucial for movement
Both a and b
None mentioned above
Characteristics of short bones? (Gf of bones)
Equal in length and width, glide across one another in multiple directions
Dense outer shell
Loosely organized bone tissue
None of the above
Characteristics of Irregular bones(gf of bones)
Glide across one another in multiple directions
Elaborate shapes that do not fit into other categories
What is a compact bone
None mentioned
Loosely organized bone tissue
Dense outer shell of bone
What is a spongy bone
Dense outer shell of bone
Shaft that provides leverage
Loosely organized bone tissue
Enlarged ends of long bone
Feature of spongy bone includes?
It’s found in center of ends and center of shafts of long bones in middle of nearly all others
Covered by more durable compact bone
All of the above
None of the above
The Skelton is …..
Three fourths compact by weight
One fourth spongy bone by weight
All of the above
None of the above
What are some long bone features. Select all that apply
Diaphysis-shaft that provides leverage
Epiphyses-enlarged ends of long bone
None of the above
Covered by durable compact bone
What is the medullary cavity?
Strengthen joint and anchor ligaments and tendons
Shaft that provides coverage
Space in diaphysis of a long bone that contains bone marrow
What does the epiphyses do?
(a)
What is the articulat cartilage?
Layer of bone-forming cells
Layer of hysline cartridge that covers joint surface/ allows joint to move freely
Thin layer of reticular connective tissue lining marrow cavity
None of the above
What is the nutrient foramina
Minute holes in bone surface that allows blood vessels to penetrate
Outer fibrous layer of collagen
External sheath covering most of bone
What is a endosteum
External sheath covering most bone
Important to bone growth. And healing fractures
Thin layer of reticular connective tissue
What is a periosteum
Minute holes in bone surface that allow blood vessels to penetrate
Nether option
Both a and d
External sheath covering most bone
Some characteristics of periosteum
Outer fibrous layer of collagen
Inner osteogenic layer of bone-forming cells
All of the above
None of the above
What is a epiphyseal plate (growth plate)
Enables growth of bone
Area if hyaline cartilage that separates wpiphyses and diaphyses of children’s bones
None mentioned
Synthesizes protein
Characteristics of epiphyseal plate?
Enables growth in length
Epiphyseal line in adults, a bony scar where the growth plate used to be
Area that separates epiphyses and diapyhyses of children’s bone
Some Anatomy of the long bone is? Select all that apply
Epiphyses and diaphysis, compact and spongy bone
Marrow cavity
Articulat cartilage, periosteum
Features of a flat bone include
Sandwhich like construction
Two layers of compact bone enclosing a middle layer of spongy bone
Diploe—- spongy middle layer
None of the above
Bone is a connect tissue consisted of ____
Cells
Osteogenic cells
Cells, fibers, and ground substance
Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes
What are the four principal types of bone cells?
Osteogenic, muscle, bone, and tissue cells
Nervous, muscle, connective, and osteoblasts
Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
what are osteogenic cells?
Stem cells found in endosteum and inner layer of periosteum
Bone forming cells
Stimulate inclination secretion in pancreas
Osteogenic cells arise from…
Osteoblasts
Soft organic matter
Embryonic mesenchyme
Osteogenic cells multiple continuously to most other ____
Nonmitotic
Ostrich
Bone cell types
All of the sbove
What are osteoblasts
(a)
Characteristics of osteoblasts
Form single layer of cells under endosteum and periosteum, nonmitotic, stress stimulates osteogenic cells 2 multiple and increase osteoblasts, secrete hormone osteocalcin
Multiple constantly and give rise to other bone cell types
Both a and b
what are osteocytes?
Former osteoblasts that have become trapped in matrix deposited
Little channels that connect lacunae
Absorb bone matrix while others deposit
What is lacunae
Tiny cavities where osteocytes reside
Little channels that connect tissues
Both a and b
What is canaliculi
Act as strain sensors
Gap junctions that absorb bone matrix
Little channels that connect lacunae
Some osteocytes trans orb bone matrix while others
Deposit it
Passage it
Produce biochemical signals
Osteocytes act as
Gap junctions
Strain sensors
All of the above
What are Osteoclasts
Bone dissolving cells found in bone surface
Dissolving bone of remodeling
None of the above
Where do osteoblasts reside?
Cavities
Resorption bays
Ruffled border
osteoblasts develop from same bone marrow stem cells that give rise to
Nuclei
Blood cells
Both a and b
Very large cells formed from fusion of several stem cells is a characteristic of what kind of cell?
Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Which cell has a ruffled border (larger surface area) that faces the bone?
Osetoclasts
Ostecytes
None mentioned
