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chapter 7

Total questions: 46

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Osteology is ……

a)

The study of bone

b)

The study of tissue

2.

The skeletal system of …..

a)

Bones

b)

Cartilages

c)

Ligaments

d)

All of the above

3.

What does cartilage do?

a)

Forerunner of most bones (covers many joint surfaces of mature bones)

b)

Holds bones together at joints

c)

Attach muscle to bone

d)

All of the above

4.

What do ligaments do?

a)

Hold bones together at joints

b)

Attach muscle to bone

c)

Forerunner of most bones

d)

All of the above

5.

What do tendons do?

a)

Hold bones together at joints

b)

Forerunner of most bones

c)

Attach muscle to bone

d)

None of the above

6.

What are the functions of the Skelton?

a)

Support, protection, movement, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, blood formation

b)

Absoprtion, secretion, and PH balance

c)

Blood formation, acid base, protection and movement

d)

All of the above

e)

None of the above

7.

Bone tissue (called osseous tissue as well) is?

a)

The process of tissue

b)

None mentioned

c)

Connective tissue w the matrix hardened by calcium phosphate and other minerals

8.

What is mineralization/calcification?

a)

Hardening process of tissue

b)

Both a and c

c)

The hardening process of bone

9.

Individual bones/organs consists of ….

a)

Bone tissue

b)

Bone marrow

c)

Cartilage

d)

Adipose tissue, nervous tissue, fibrous connect tissue

e)

All of the above

10.

Characteristics of flat bones (fb is a general features of bone) are?

a)

Thin, curved plates

b)

Protects soft organs

c)

All of the above

11.

What are the characteristics of Long bones? (gf of bones)

a)

Longer than wide

b)

A rigid levers acted upon by muscles: crucial for movement

c)

Both a and b

d)

None mentioned above

12.

Characteristics of short bones? (Gf of bones)

a)

Equal in length and width, glide across one another in multiple directions

b)

Dense outer shell

c)

Loosely organized bone tissue

d)

None of the above

13.

Characteristics of Irregular bones(gf of bones)

a)

Glide across one another in multiple directions

b)

Elaborate shapes that do not fit into other categories

14.

What is a compact bone

a)

None mentioned

b)

Loosely organized bone tissue

c)

Dense outer shell of bone

15.

What is a spongy bone

a)

Dense outer shell of bone

b)

Shaft that provides leverage

c)

Loosely organized bone tissue

d)

Enlarged ends of long bone

16.

Feature of spongy bone includes?

a)

It’s found in center of ends and center of shafts of long bones in middle of nearly all others

b)

Covered by more durable compact bone

c)

All of the above

d)

None of the above

17.

The Skelton is …..

a)

Three fourths compact by weight

b)

One fourth spongy bone by weight

c)

All of the above

d)

None of the above

18.

What are some long bone features. Select all that apply

a)

Diaphysis-shaft that provides leverage

b)

Epiphyses-enlarged ends of long bone

c)

None of the above

d)

Covered by durable compact bone

19.

What is the medullary cavity?

a)

Strengthen joint and anchor ligaments and tendons

b)

Shaft that provides coverage

c)

Space in diaphysis of a long bone that contains bone marrow

20.

What does the epiphyses do?

(a)  

21.

What is the articulat cartilage?

a)

Layer of bone-forming cells

b)

Layer of hysline cartridge that covers joint surface/ allows joint to move freely

c)

Thin layer of reticular connective tissue lining marrow cavity

d)

None of the above

22.

What is the nutrient foramina

a)

Minute holes in bone surface that allows blood vessels to penetrate

b)

Outer fibrous layer of collagen

c)

External sheath covering most of bone

23.

What is a endosteum

a)

External sheath covering most bone

b)

Important to bone growth. And healing fractures

c)

Thin layer of reticular connective tissue

24.

What is a periosteum

a)

Minute holes in bone surface that allow blood vessels to penetrate

b)

Nether option

c)

Both a and d

d)

External sheath covering most bone

25.

Some characteristics of periosteum

a)

Outer fibrous layer of collagen

b)

Inner osteogenic layer of bone-forming cells

c)

All of the above

d)

None of the above

26.

What is a epiphyseal plate (growth plate)

a)

Enables growth of bone

b)

Area if hyaline cartilage that separates wpiphyses and diaphyses of children’s bones

c)

None mentioned

d)

Synthesizes protein

27.

Characteristics of epiphyseal plate?

a)

Enables growth in length

b)

Epiphyseal line in adults, a bony scar where the growth plate used to be

c)

Area that separates epiphyses and diapyhyses of children’s bone

28.

Some Anatomy of the long bone is? Select all that apply

a)

Epiphyses and diaphysis, compact and spongy bone

b)

Marrow cavity

c)

Articulat cartilage, periosteum

29.

Features of a flat bone include

a)

Sandwhich like construction

b)

Two layers of compact bone enclosing a middle layer of spongy bone

c)

Diploe—- spongy middle layer

d)

None of the above

30.

Bone is a connect tissue consisted of ____

a)

Cells

b)

Osteogenic cells

c)

Cells, fibers, and ground substance

d)

Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes

31.

What are the four principal types of bone cells?

a)

Osteogenic, muscle, bone, and tissue cells

b)

Nervous, muscle, connective, and osteoblasts

c)

Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts

32.

what are osteogenic cells?

a)

Stem cells found in endosteum and inner layer of periosteum

b)

Bone forming cells

c)

Stimulate inclination secretion in pancreas

33.

Osteogenic cells arise from…

a)

Osteoblasts

b)

Soft organic matter

c)

Embryonic mesenchyme

34.

Osteogenic cells multiple continuously to most other ____

a)

Nonmitotic

b)

Ostrich

c)

Bone cell types

d)

All of the sbove

35.

What are osteoblasts

(a)  

36.

Characteristics of osteoblasts

a)

Form single layer of cells under endosteum and periosteum, nonmitotic, stress stimulates osteogenic cells 2 multiple and increase osteoblasts, secrete hormone osteocalcin

b)

Multiple constantly and give rise to other bone cell types

c)

Both a and b

37.

what are osteocytes?

a)

Former osteoblasts that have become trapped in matrix deposited

b)

Little channels that connect lacunae

c)

Absorb bone matrix while others deposit

38.

What is lacunae

a)

Tiny cavities where osteocytes reside

b)

Little channels that connect tissues

c)

Both a and b

39.

What is canaliculi

a)

Act as strain sensors

b)

Gap junctions that absorb bone matrix

c)

Little channels that connect lacunae

40.

Some osteocytes trans orb bone matrix while others

a)

Deposit it

b)

Passage it

c)

Produce biochemical signals

41.

Osteocytes act as

a)

Gap junctions

b)

Strain sensors

c)

All of the above

42.

What are Osteoclasts

a)

Bone dissolving cells found in bone surface

b)

Dissolving bone of remodeling

c)

None of the above

43.

Where do osteoblasts reside?

a)

Cavities

b)

Resorption bays

c)

Ruffled border

44.

osteoblasts develop from same bone marrow stem cells that give rise to

a)

Nuclei

b)

Blood cells

c)

Both a and b

45.

Very large cells formed from fusion of several stem cells is a characteristic of what kind of cell?

a)

Osteoblasts

b)

Osteoblasts

c)

Osteocytes

46.

Which cell has a ruffled border (larger surface area) that faces the bone?

a)

Osetoclasts

b)

Ostecytes

c)

None mentioned