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SOC MIDTERM REVIEW

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Let’s say you want to research romantic relationships among college students and the meanings they have for different kinds of romantic interactions. Which theoretical lens might you use to approach your research?
a)
Rational Choice Theory
b)
Structural Functionalism
c)
Symbolic Interactionism
d)
Conflict Theory
e)
Feminist Theory
2.
Which of the following might a Functionalist think about culture?
a)
Cultural norms, values, and beliefs serve the purpose of holding societies together.
b)
Individuals shape culture by socially constructing meanings of what is “normal” or “good,” and culture influences individual’s behavior.
c)
Social groups struggle to make their own cultures dominant in society and dominant groups impose their culture on minorities and subcultural groups.
d)
Both A and B
e)
All of the above
3.

A group of people who share a culture and a territory is known as a(n) __________.

a)

global group

b)

extended family group

c)

society

d)

global village

4.

Auguste Comte is credited as being the founder of __________.

a)

sociology

b)

economics

c)

modern science

d)

political science

5.

Durkheim’s concept of __________ refers to how much people are tied to their social groups.

a)

social integration

b)

revolution

c)

conflict theory

d)

religion

6.

The __________, according to Marx, were the workers who were oppressed by those who owned the means of production.

a)

capitalists

b)

communists

c)

proletariat

d)

fascists

7.

In the eyes of __________, society consists of connected parts working together as a whole.

a)

symbolic interactionists

b)

conflict theorists

c)

functionalists

d)

George Herbert Mead

8.

Judging one culture based on the beliefs and values of another is known as:

a)

Afrocentrism

b)

Judgementalism

c)

Egocentrism

d)

Ethnocentrism

9.

The beliefs and behaviors that a social group shares is known as:

a)

Culture

b)

Counterculture

c)

Subculture

d)

Religion

10.

_________________ define how to behave in accordance with what a society has defined as good, right, and important, and most members of the society adhere to them.

a)

Norms

b)

Narms

c)

Majorities

d)

Stereotypes

11.

What is Ascribed Status?

a)

A status you are born with

b)

A status you are given

12.
Our biological makeup determining who we are is an example of?
a)
Nature
b)
Nurture
13.
Charles H. Cooley developed the Theory of the Looking Glass Self which states ____________.
a)
You must view others through their scope
b)
, the self develops through a process of reflection
c)
Put yourself in others people shoes before judging them
d)
Think of yourself before others
14.
Which agent of socialization has the most impact on our development?
a)
Education
b)
Family
c)
Mass Media
d)
Peer Groups
15.

Crime and deviance can be learned from the environment and enforced or discouraged by those around us. This idea is based on:

a)

Structural functionalism

b)

Conflict theory

c)

Symbolic interactionism

d)

Positivism

16.

_______________ _________________ are conducted in a real life setting. The researcher manipulates the independent variable, but the participants are in their natural setting.

a)

Natural exp.

b)

Field exp.

c)

Lab exp.

d)

Case study

17.
This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self – reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
18.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
19.

Behavior that matches group expectations

a)

Conformity

b)

Dysfunction

c)

Verstehen

d)

Rationalization

20.

The ongoing struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat classes

a)

Communism

b)

Theoretical Perspective

c)

Class Conflict

d)

Conflict Perspective

21.

What are the two types of research?

a)

Qualitative and quantitative

b)

Primary and secondary

c)

Structured and unstructured

d)

Open-ended and Closed questions

22.

This variable in an experiment is the one being deliberately changed by the scientist

a)

dependent variable

b)

independent variable

c)

data

d)

control group

23.

the process by which we act with and react to those around us

a)

microsociology

b)

civil inattention

c)

social interaction

d)

structure

24.

According to Karl Marx, what is the primary focus of his conflict theory?

a)

Collective conscience

b)

Class, status, and power

c)

Iron cage

d)

Habitualization

25.

According to Charles Cooley, what do we base our image on?

a)

Collective conscience

b)

Class, status, and power

c)

Looking-glass self

d)

Habitualization

26.

According to Robert K. Merton, what can even a false idea become if it is acted upon?

a)

Habitualization

b)

Self-fulfilling prophecy

c)

Looking-glass self

d)

Disenchantment of the world

27.

Two important features of a culture are

a)

economy and climate

b)

natural resources and climate

c)

language and religious beliefs

d)

weather and writing

28.

People's occupations, their behavior, and their beliefs are a part of their

a)

culture

b)

technology

c)

government

d)

climate

29.

The pattern of organized relationships among groups of people within a society.

a)

standard of living

b)

society

c)

culture

d)

social structure

30.

A speed limit sign is an example of a/an:

a)

Formal Norm

b)

Informal Norm

31.
What do sociologists call the shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong? 
a)
Technology
b)
Symbols
c)
Values
d)
Language
32.

Judging one culture based on the beliefs and values of another is known as:

a)

Afrocentrism

b)

Judgementalism

c)

Egocentrism

d)

Ethnocentrism

33.

Select an appropriate synonym for assimilation

a)

defiant

b)

deviant

c)

acclimating

d)

accelerating

34.

NOT judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal

a)

Ethnocentrism

b)

Racism

c)

Cultural Assimilation

d)

Cultural Relativism

35.

Socialization, as a sociological term, describes:

a)

the difference between introverts and extroverts

b)
  1. how people interact during social situations

c)
  1. how people learn societal norms, beliefs, and values

d)
  1. a person’s internal mental state when in a group setting

36.

Harlow’s study on rhesus monkeys showed that:

a)
  1. food is more important than social comfort

b)
  1. rhesus monkeys raised by other primate species are poorly socialized

c)
  1. monkeys can be adequately socialized by imitating humans

d)
  1. social comfort is more important than foods

37.

Which of the following is a manifest function of schools?

a)
  1. Learning to read and write

b)
  1. Knowing locker room etiquette

c)
  1. Understanding when to speak up and when to be silent

d)
  1. Following a schedule

38.

What is the term for a position within a group or society?

a)

Status

b)

Role

c)

Group

d)

Institution

39.

What are the expectations that define the behavior people view as appropriate and inappropriate for the occupant of a status called?

a)

Statuses

b)

Roles

c)

Groups

d)

Institutions

40.

What is the term for a situation where a single status may have more than one role attached to it?

a)

Role Set

b)

Role Conflict

c)

Role Strain

d)

Role Performance

41.

Which of the following is an example of a social institution?

a)

A neighborhood book club

b)

A group of friends

c)

The education system

d)

A sports team

42.

Which theoretical perspective highlights conflicts of interest in organizations?

a)

Symbolic Interactionism

b)

Functionalism

c)

Conflict Theory

d)

Postmodernism

43.

What is the main purpose of a reference group?

a)

To create conflict within a larger group

b)

To provide a standard for evaluating one's own behavior

c)

To enforce strict rules and regulations

d)

To promote social change

44.

What is the primary difference between formal and informal organizations?

a)

Formal organizations have rules and regulations

b)

Informal organizations have clear hierarchies

c)

Formal organizations are always large

d)

Informal organizations are government agencies

45.

The term “master status” is defined as a

a)

set of behaviors that are associated with a particular position.

b)

status that generally overrides all other statuses a person possesses.

c)

set of expectations that are attached to a specific role.

d)

perspective that allows a person to understand many other people’s points of view.

46.

Janae and Ren are coworkers who recently started dating. One day Janae notices Ren stealing office supplies. She’s torn between being a good employee and reporting the theft or helping her new romantic partner avoid getting in trouble. Janae is experiencing

a)

ego strain.

b)

  • an expression of behavior.

c)

role conflict.

d)

role strain.

47.

A ________ is an example of a total institution.

a)

yoga class

b)
  • cult

c)

sports club

d)

university

48.

The process of formalization includes _________.

a)

the establishment of norms and roles by an organization

b)

attention to the matter of structure

c)

more attention to the details of relationships

d)

mcdonaldization

49.

A social organization refers to an _____.

a)

collection of individuals

b)

organization of values, norms, and roles

c)

organization without goals

d)

country club

50.

Bureaucracies are characterized by _____.

a)

equality

b)

a hierarchical structure

c)

inefficiency

d)

a vague division of labor

51.

The study of social change

a)

Conformity

b)

Social Dynamics

c)

Functionalism

d)

Dysfunction

52.
In the months leading to Japan’s attack at Pearl Harbor in Dec. 1941, U.S. military officers ignored warnings of a possible attack.  Those officers shared rationalization that an attack was highly unlikely or impossible.  Their behavior is an example of…
a)
Cooperation
b)
Social Exchange
c)
Social Aggregate
d)
Groupthink
53.
Which of these examples is most likely to be a primary relationship?
a)
A Marine recruit & his drill instructor.
b)
A married couple.
c)
A coach & her soccer team.
d)
A car salesperson & her potential customer.
54.
In his shock experiment, Milgram found that ______ figures tend to produce ______, despite our moral convictions.
a)
leadership; sanctions
b)
authority; rebellion
c)
authority; conformity
d)
authority; sanctions
55.

He found out that people were willing to ignore reality and give an incorrect answer in order to conform to the rest of the group.

a)

Muzafer Sherif

b)

Solomon Asch

56.

It is a change of belief or behaviour in order to fit or belong with a group.

a)

Conformity

b)

Group Pressure

c)

Group Size

d)

Prior Commitment

57.

A direct or indirect social pressure exerted by the group on its individual members to influence their choices.

a)

Social Norms

b)

Group Pressure

c)

Cohesion

d)

Compliance

58.

__________ is the violation of norms.

a)

negative sanction

b)

deviance

c)

social control

d)

stigma

59.

__________ refers to blemishes that discredit a person's claim to a normal identity.

a)

Crime

b)

Norm

c)

Deviance

d)

Stigma

60.

__________ violate(s) rules written into law.

a)

Crime

b)

Deviance

c)

Personality disorders

d)

Social order

61.

A group's __________, or typical social arrangement, is brought about by norms

a)

social order

b)

deviance

c)

crime

d)

stigma

62.

Crime and deviance can be learned from the environment and enforced or discouraged by those around us. This idea is based on:

a)

Structural functionalism

b)

Conflict theory

c)

Symbolic interactionism

d)

Positivism

63.

Deviance is a social necessity since it reinforces norms by reminding people of the consequences of violating them. This idea is based on:

a)

Structural functionalism

b)

Conflict theory

c)

Symbolic interactionism

d)

Positivism

64.
Which of the following is least likely to live in poverty in the United States today?
a)
a 30-year-old white man
b)
an African American mother of two preschoolers
c)
a 14-year-old Latino boy
d)
a mentally ill 45-year-old white woman
65.
When you add up all the economic resources a person has, such as her savings, home, personal property, etc., you have determined that person’s
a)
caste.
b)
power.
c)
wealth.
d)
prestige.
66.
Which of the following refers to the different layers of people who possess varying amounts of scarce resources?
a)
the proletariat
b)
class consciousness
c)
social stratification
d)
horizontal mobility
67.
Movement to an upper or lower social class due to occupation
a)
Horizontal mobility
b)
Vertical mobility
c)
Intergenerational mobility
d)
Intragenerational mobility
68.
Movement from one occupation to another within the same social class
a)
Horizontal mobility
b)
Vertical mobility
c)
Intergenerational mobility
d)
Intragenerational mobility
69.
Movement to an upper or lower social class within one generation
a)
Horizontal mobility
b)
Vertical mobility
c)
Intergenerational mobility
d)
Intragenerational mobility
70.
Movement to an upper or lower social class over the course of a generation
a)
Horizontal mobility
b)
Vertical mobility
c)
Intergenerational mobility
d)
Intragenerational mobility
71.
Identify the dimension of power indicated by:
Respect given to a doctor
a)
Prestige
b)
Power 
c)
Wealth
72.
 According to conflict theory, social stratification exists because
a)
some people are willing to exploit others.
b)
self esteem is higher among the upper class.
c)
certain jobs are more important than others.
d)
different occupations have different levels of prestige
73.
A high-school drop-out working at a gas station for minimum wage would be in the...
a)
Upper class
b)
Middle class
c)
Working class
d)
Under class
74.
consequences of poverty are:
a)
Health issue , Effect on economy and social threat 
b)
better accommodation and medical service.
c)
Boost to the economy
d)
None