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Earth's Changing Surface Test Reveiw

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Who is the scientist who proposed Continental Drift Theory?

a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Alfred Wegener
c)
Isaac Newton
d)
John Dalton
2.

Alfred Wegener named his single supercontinent ____________, which means "all Earth" in ancient Greek.

a)

Pandora

b)

Gandowandaland

c)

Pangea

d)

Percia

3.

What type of fossils were noticed by Wegener to be found on two different continents?

a)
Leaves and flowers
b)
Ice and mountains
c)
Plants and animals
d)
Dinosaurs and reptiles
4.

True or False: The continental plates move so quickly that we can feel them.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

the Earth's magnetic field.

c)

subduction.

d)

convection currents.

6.

When plates collide we get ________.

a)

crumbles

b)

volcanos

c)

trenches

d)

mountain ranges

7.
Associated with transform boundaries.
a)
Volcanoes
b)
mountains
c)
trenches
d)
earthquakes
8.
A location where two tectonic plates collide is known as a _________ boundary.
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Transform
d)
Spreading
9.

Which layer of Earth flows slowly and causes the crust to move?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Inner Core

d)

Outer core

10.

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

a)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

11.
What is an earthquake?
a)
When the earth causes an upward thrust in the epicenter.
b)
When the earth moves up and down along the ocean floor.
c)

When tectonic plates slide against each other causing the earth to move. 

d)
None of the above
12.

Subduction means.....

a)

one plate goes under another plate

b)

two plates slide past each other

c)

two plate collide and form folded mountains

13.

Sea-floor spreading explains how.....

a)

new crust is created at a divergent boundary

b)

volcanoes are formed on continents

c)

deep sea trenches are formed

14.

An opening on the Earth's crust through which hot molten rock flows out from deep inside the Earth.

a)

Volcano

b)

Fault line

c)

Fold

d)

Crater

15.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
16.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
17.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)
Pull apart
b)
Come together
c)
Slide past each other
d)
subducting
18.

Which of the following is the name of the ancient supercontinent formed 280 Million Years ago.

a)

Pangea

b)

Gondwanda

c)

Laurasia

d)

Neverland

19.
Which of the following is NOT evidence to support the theory of plate tectonics?
a)
Fossils
b)
Mountains
c)
Glaciers
d)
Sand Erosion
20.
What geologic feature/event you be most likely to find at a transform boundary?
a)
Earthquakes
b)
Volcanoes
c)
Mountains
d)
Rift Valleys
21.
What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of oceanic crust?
a)
Rift Valley
b)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
c)
Island Arc
d)
Flat land
22.
What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a convergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?
a)
Volcano
b)
Mountain
c)
Rift
d)
Island Arc
23.
This is the plastic layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move.
a)
Lithosphere
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Crust
24.
This layer is divided into pieces called tectonic plates.
a)
Mesosphere
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Mantle
d)
Lithosphere
25.
Which piece of evidence did Wegener use to prove continental drift?
a)
The shape of the continents
b)
Similar fossils found on separate continents
c)
Tree fossils found in odd places
d)
All of the above
26.
Which type of crust is more dense?
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
divergent
d)
pizza
27.
What forms at a convergent boundary between a continental plate and an oceanic plate?
a)
volcanoes
b)
rift valleys
c)
faults
d)
mid-ocean ridges
28.
A trench forms at a _________ boundary.
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
d)
vertical
29.
Mountains form at a ___________ boundary.
a)
transform
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
d)
subduction
30.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates slide past each other?
a)
divergent
b)
transform
c)
lateral
d)
convergent
31.
What type of boundary is shown at A?
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
d)
subduction
32.
What is happening at point B?
a)
subduction
b)
a divergent boundary
c)
convection
d)
an earthquake
33.
What is the process in which two plates move toward each other but one sinks under the other?
a)
subduction
b)
convection
c)
divergence
d)
transformation
34.

A mid-ocean RIDGE is located at the boundary of two tectonic plates. Which diagram correctly models the relative plate motion on each side of a mid ocean ridge?

a)
b)
c)
d)
35.

The diagram shows a model of the movement of two tectonic plates. When the plates collide, on plate often moves below the other plate. The rising magma that can result from this type of plate movement may produce-

a)

fossil layers

b)

volcanic islands

c)

deep-sea sediment

d)

seafloor spreading

36.

The image shows a plate boundary. Arrows have been added to indicate the movement of the plates.What plate boundary feature is also shown?

a)

A ridge formed by an inactive convergent boundary

b)

A valley forming at an active divergent boundary

c)

A fault forming at an active transform boundary

d)

A volcano formed by an active transform boundary

37.

The model below shows two continental plates. What type of plate boundary is this

a)

Transform boundary

b)

Divergent boundary

c)

Subduction boundary

d)

Convergent boundary

38.

What landform would most likely form at this plate boundary? Choose 2 correct answers.

a)

mountains

b)

volcanoes

c)

trenches

d)

mid-ocean ridges

39.
The area around the Pacific Ocean where lots of earthquakes and volcanoes happen is called the ____________.
a)
Ring of Earth
b)
Ring of Fire
c)
Ring of Stone
d)
Ring of Diamond
40.

The North American plate and Pacific plates meet at the San Andres Fault in California causing frequent earthquakes. This fault is located at a _____ boundary.

a)

Ridge

b)

Divergent

c)

Convergent

d)

Transform

41.

Which oceanic plate in the above picture must be more dense? LEFT RIGHT

a)

The plate on the left (the plate with the volcano on it)

b)

The plate on the right (without the volcano)

42.

Which TWO landforms occur when a continental plate and an oceanic plate hit each other?

a)

Volcanoes on land and Volcanic Islands

b)

Volcanoes on land and Deep Sea Trench

c)

Volcanoes on land and Mountains

d)

Rift Valley and Mid Ocean Ridge

43.

How do most mountains form?

a)

Continents collide and fold up on each other

b)

Earth is shrinking and the crust wrinkles up

c)

Ocean plates diverge and fold up on each other

d)

Gravity from the moon pulls sections of the Earth up

44.

Plates are not created or destroyed: They just pass by each other.

a)

Converge

b)

Diverge

c)

Transform

45.

This is where new material is added on to plates.

a)

Converge

b)

Diverge

c)

Transform

46.

This is where plate material may be destroyed (or recycled) and returned to the mantle.

a)

Converge

b)

Diverge

c)

Transform

47.

Study this diagram carefully, noticing the direction of the arrows.The green bars are tectonic plates.What will happen at the place where the star is drawn on this diagram?

a)

The plates will slide past each other (causing a major earthquake)

b)

The plates will hit each other (one will subduct)

c)

The plates will diverge (spread apart)

48.

What are these plates doing?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Forming a transform boundary

49.

What are these plates doing?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Forming a transform boundary

50.
What two specific continents fit together most noticeably?
a)
Africa and North America
b)
South America and Europe
c)
South America and Africa
d)
 Antartica and Africa
51.
Which type of information was NOT collected by Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?
a)
glacial deposits
b)
 fossils
c)
seafloor magnetic data
d)
rocks
52.
How does fossil evidence support Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift?
a)
Similar fossils are found along continental margins that appear to join together.
b)
Fossils are found in areas where the present-day climate could not have supported the organisms that made the fossils.
c)
Similar fossils of giant, land-dwelling dinosaurs are found on continents separated by oceans.
d)
all of the above
53.
Why was Wegener's theory not accepted?
a)
He had no proof of how they were moving
b)
He had no evidence
c)
He was married
d)
He was not a Scientist
54.

Scientists think that the continents once formed a giant landmass that broke apart, and then slowly drifted apart. What is the name given to this hypothesis?

a)

sea-floor Spreading

b)

plate tectonics

c)

continental drift

d)

Pangaea

55.

Most tectonic plates have both oceanic and continental crust. How are they different?

a)

Oceanic is thinner and less dense than continental.

b)

Continental is thinner than more dense than oceanic.

c)

Continental is thicker and less dense than oceanic.

d)

Oceanic is thicker and more dense than continental.

56.
This is a picture of glacier scars found in Africa.  What are these evidence for?
a)
Africa has always been near the equator
b)
Africa was once in an area of the Earth that had a very cold climate
c)
The continents have not moved
d)
sea floor spreading
57.

Why did no one believe Wegener's ideas about continental drift?

a)

He could not successfully explain HOW the continents moved

b)

He didn't have evidence that supported his ideas that the continents had once been connected

c)

They were biased against his ideas because he was German and a meteorologist

d)

He didn't use the right technology to gather data

58.

The Appalachian Mountains in the U.S. match up with a similar mountain ranges in northern Europe. How does this support Wegener's theory of Continental Drift?

a)

The mountains were formed after tectonic plates had moved away from each other

b)

The similarities provide evidence North America & Europe were connected when the mountains formed.

c)

Similar rock samples were found on the ocean floor and at the two mountain ranges indicating that they both formed around the same time.

d)

This evidence does not support the theory of continental drift.

59.

According to the continental drift hypothesis, the presence of similar fossils in South America and Africa supports which scientific idea?

a)

Animals easily and frequently travel from Africa to South America.

b)

Species of animals probably traveled between continents on natural rafts (such as trees destroyed in tsunamis).

c)

Land bridges once existed that connected the continents.

d)

South America and Africa were once connected together.

60.

Where can you find the Ring of Fire?

a)

Pacific Ocean

b)

Black Sea

c)

Europe

d)

Atlantic Ocean

61.
Water gets into cracks of a rock, when the water freezes it breaks up the rock
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
62.
A flash flood washes away the side of a river bank
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
63.
A river carries dirt and mud out of the land it runs through
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
64.
Wind blows sand into the desert where it collects in giant piles called sand dunes
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
65.
small islands made of sediment called deltas form at the end of rivers
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
66.
Rain washes away dirt from a hillside
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
67.
Acid rain melts the features of a statue
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
68.
Salt water eats away at rock
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
69.
Breaking a rock down into smaller pieces (sediment) by physical force
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
70.
Breaking a rock down into smaller pieces (sediment) using chemicals
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
71.
The small peices of rock that break off of a larger rock during weathering are called...
a)
Sediment
b)
Salt
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
72.
Wind blows sand onto rocks and slowly breaks down the rock
a)

Abrasion

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Ice Wedging

d)

Deposition

73.

The breakdown of materials of Earth's crust into smaller pieces.

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Recycling

d)

Erosion

74.

The process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another is called

a)

Deposition

b)

Soil Conservation

c)

Erosion

d)

Abrasion

75.

In the rock cycle, this is when sediments are placed into a new location to eventually become new sedimentary rock.

a)

melting

b)

crystallization

c)

deposition

d)

Abrasion

76.

Which of the following processes within the rock cycle operates at the Earth's surface?

a)

metamorphism

b)

melting

c)

erosion

d)

Heat & Pressure

77.

Which of following is not an example of mechanical/physical weathering?

a)

a gopher burrowing in the ground and loosening rock/soil.

b)

a tree's roots growing in a cracked rock.

c)

iron oxide weakening and breaking down a rock.

d)

ice expanding cracks in a rock. 

78.

Chemical weathering

a)

creates sediment by changing the rock physically.

b)

creates sediment by changing the rock without chemical reactions.

c)

creates sediment by changing the rock with chemical reactions.

d)

deposits sediments.

79.

Which of the following are factors that affect the formation of metamorphic rocks?

a)

Heat & Pressure

b)

Compaction & Cementation

c)

Weathering & Erosion

d)

Deposition & Water

80.
What geologic process changes pieces of rocks, minerals and other materials into sedimentary rocks?
a)
Compacting and Cementing
b)
Cooling
c)
Heat and Pressure
d)
Melting
81.
Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand compacted and cemented together?
a)
Coal
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
82.

Which type of rock is made from magma cooling inside Earth?

a)

igneous

b)

sediment

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

83.

Which type of rock is formed by extreme heat and pressure?

a)

igneous

b)

hard rock

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

84.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
85.

What Are The Three Main Types Of Rocks?

a)

Igneous, Depository, Metamorphic

b)

Depository, Igneous, Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic, Igneous, Depository

d)

Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

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