WorksheetsTranscription and Translation Test Bank
Total questions: 67
Worksheet time: 34mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Someone with Down's syndrome has an extra copy of chromosome # 21
Down's syndrome is an example of....
a)
a trisomy
b)
a monosomy
c)
a terminal deletion
d)
a frameshift mutation
2.
Someone with Turner's Syndrome has only one copy of chromosome # 23
Turner's syndrome is an example of....
a)
a trisomy
b)
a monosomy
c)
a terminal deletion
d)
a frameshift mutation
3.
Which of the following disorders cannot be diagnosed with a karyotype?
a)
Williams syndrome
b)
Cri Du Chat
c)
Turner syndrome
d)
Albinism
4.
If you are studying a human karyotype, and you KNOW the patient is suffering from a trisomy- how many chromosomes would you expect to find?
a)
47
b)
none
c)
23
d)
24
e)
45
5.
If you are studying a human karyotype, and you KNOW the patient is suffering from a monsomy- how many chromosomes would you expect to find?
a)
45
b)
none
c)
23
d)
24
e)
46
6.
What is the function of the protein "lactase"
a)
breakdown the sugar lactose- often found in milk so that it can be digested
b)
breakdown the sugar fructose- often found in fruits so that it can be digested
c)
regulate the uptake of sugar from the blood stream
d)
allows your red blood cells to "carry" oxygen
7.
Describe the trait(s) of someone with "lactase persistence
a)
They can only drink milk as an infant
b)
They can drink milk as an adult
c)
They can drink orange juice as an adult
d)
They are unable to drink milk as an infant or adult
8.
CRISPR, exon skipping, and RNA interference are all examples of...
a)
genetic medicine
b)
mutations
c)
cancer causing agents
d)
postive transcription factors
e)
negative transcription factors
9.
Albinism results because what protein has not been produced properly?
a)
melanin
b)
creatin
c)
tyrosine
d)
leucine
10.
How many different genes work TOGETHER to create melanin
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
11.
If an amino acid is Hydrophilic- what interaction will it have with water?
a)
Attracted to water
b)
Repelled by water
c)
Has no interaction with water whatsoever
d)
It actively seeks out and destroys water molecules
12.
If an amino acid is Hydrophobic- what interaction will it have with water?
a)
Attracted to water
b)
Repelled by water
c)
Has no interaction with water whatsoever
d)
It actively seeks out and destroys water molecules
13.
A mutation that causes a change in the DNA sequence of a gene, but does not result in a change in the amino acid sequence is a
a)
silent mutation
b)
frameshift mutation
c)
missense mutation
d)
nonsense mutation
14.
What is the function of the protein "insulin"
a)
move glucose from our bloodstream into the body's cells to make energy.
b)
to transport oxygen (O2) from the lung to tissues in the blood
c)
controls cell death "apoptosis" in the cell cycle
d)
blocks uv rays from entering skin cells, also responsible for skin color
15.
What is the function of the protein "hemoglobin"
a)
move glucose from our bloodstream into the body's cells to make energy.
b)
to transport oxygen (O2) from the lung to tissues in the blood
c)
controls cell death "apoptosis" in the cell cycle
d)
blocks uv rays from entering skin cells, also responsible for skin color
16.
What is the function of the protein "p53"
a)
move glucose from our bloodstream into the body's cells to make energy.
b)
to transport oxygen (O2) from the lung to tissues in the blood
c)
controls cell death "apoptosis" in the cell cycle
d)
blocks uv rays from entering skin cells, also responsible for skin color
17.
What is the function of the protein "melanin"
a)
move glucose from our bloodstream into the body's cells to make energy.
b)
to transport oxygen (O2) from the lung to tissues in the blood
c)
controls cell death "apoptosis" in the cell cycle
d)
blocks uv rays from entering skin cells, also responsible for skin color
18.
Which of the following statements BEST describes the structure, or makeup of a codon?
a)
A codon is a three- letter nucleotide sequence found on the tRNA
b)
A codon is a growing polypeptide chain
c)
A codon is a gene sequence found on the DNA strand
d)
A codon is a three- letter nucleotide sequence found on the mRNA
19.
What is true regarding genes and DNA?
a)
Each DNA strand contains identical genes
b)
The DNA only transcribes the genes that it needs at specific times
c)
All of the above
d)
None of the above
20.
Why are gene regulation and expression important to all living organisms?
a)
Specific signals trigger specific genes to be transcribed and translated
b)
The proteins created from this process determine most of the organism's traits
c)
Different phases of the life cycle require specific genes for growth and development
d)
All of the above
21.
The process of marking mRNA from DNA is called?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Transfusion
d)
Transunion
22.
How many nitrogenous bases are found in DNA?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
5
d)
too many to count
23.
A "healthy" human karyotype consists of ______ pairs of chromosomes
a)
23
b)
46
c)
21
d)
34
e)
47
24.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
the nucleus
b)
the cytoplasm
c)
the ribosome
d)
it could happen anywhere!
25.
Where does translation occur?
a)
Cytoplasm, specifically on the ribosome
b)
Cytoplasm, specifically in the mitochondria
c)
In the nucleus
d)
Outside of the cell
26.
ATACGAC- Represents what?
a)
A DNA sequence
b)
A mRNA sequence
c)
An amino acid sequence
27.
For the following DNA template strand, what is the amino acid chain that will be produced (USE A CODON CHART!)
CAT ACT CAA TAA GGG
a)
ala- asp- glu- gly-phe
b)
stop- pro- asp- phe- iso
c)
his- glu- arg- iso- stop
d)
val- stop- try- iso- pro
28.
For the following DNA template strand, what is the amino acid chain that will be produced (USE A CODON CHART!)
TAA AAT CTA CGG
a)
asp- val- thr- arg
b)
glu- iso- glu- ser
c)
gly- asp- ala- his
d)
iso- leu- asp- ala
29.
For the following DNA template strand, what is the amino acid chain that will be produced (USE A CODON CHART!)
CAC GTA GAC TGA
a)
val- val- thr- arg
b)
glu- iso- glu- ser
c)
gly- asp- ala- his
d)
val- his- leu- thr
e)
leu- asp- thr- glu
30.
Describe TWO ways which DNA differs from RNA
a)
DNA uses uracil, RNA does not
b)
RNA uses uracil, DNA does not
c)
DNA is single stranded RNA is double stranded
d)
RNA is a single stranded, DNA is double stranded
31.
What is the purpose of a "start codon"
a)
it signals the ribosome that it needs more tRNAs
b)
it signals there is a change in the amino acid sequence
c)
it signals the beginning of the translation process
d)
it signals the end of the translation process
32.
What are the mRNA stop codons (choose all that apply)
a)
UAG
b)
UGA
c)
UAA
d)
GUG
e)
AUG
33.
A protein is a long chain of...
a)
amino acids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
nucleic acids
d)
lipids
34.
What does DNA need to do BEFORE transcription occurs?
a)
delete one of the two strands
b)
replicate it's self
c)
unzip/ open up
d)
go through the process of translation
35.
How many nitrogen bases code for 1 amino acids during translation?
a)
three nitrogen bases
b)
two nitrogen bases
c)
one nitrogen base
d)
it depends on the protein being translated...
36.
Translate the following mRNA sequence using a codon chart
AGA UUA UCA
a)
Ala- Asp - Met
b)
Glu- Iso- Val
c)
Ala- Iso- Cys
d)
Arg- Leu- Ser
37.
Using a codon chart, how many possible mRNA codons will code for "Glutamic Acid"
a)
2
b)
4
c)
1
d)
6
38.
What is the mRNA "start" codon
a)
UUG
b)
AUA
c)
GAU
d)
AUG
39.
Which amino acid is coded for by the "start" codon
a)
methionine
b)
isoleucine
c)
proline
d)
leucine
40.
What happens if a negative transcription factor binds to a gene?
a)
The section of DNA will be destroyed
b)
Nothing...
c)
The gene is blocked/ stopped from turning into a protein
d)
More of the protein is going to be made
41.
One codon is equal to how many base pair of mRNA?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
e)
5
42.
What makes a nerve cell and skin cell have different functions in the body?
a)
Their DNA sequences are different
b)
Their genes are expressed differently
c)
They have a different number of chromosomes
d)
They do not have the same genes
43.
Which of the following is NOT true about proteins
a)
Proteins are only found within the cells of organisms
b)
Proteins within a cell determine factors such as the cell's structure and function
c)
Proteins regualate which materials will be transported into and out of cells
d)
Proteins determine the products a cell might make
44.
This karyotype shows a (male/female), (with/ with no) chromosomal abnormalities
a)
male, with no
b)
female, no
c)
male, with
d)
female, with
e)
not enough information to answer the question
45.
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a condition which results from the inability to produce a certain protein.
Which of the following is most likely the cause of Huntington’s disease?
a)
a mutation/ miscoding in the DNA sequence
b)
an increase in blood glucose levels
c)
a decrease in fat in a patients diet
d)
a structural problem in the nucleus
46.
Which statement is true regarding genes and DNA?
a)
Each DNA strand contains identical genes
b)
The DNA only transcribes the gene it needs at specific times
c)
DNA and genes are the same length
d)
Genes are the coding regions of DNA
47.
Long chains of amino acids that determine virtually everything about a cell, including the cell structure and function, cell material regulation, and cell products are called _____________
a)
proteins
b)
lipids
c)
starches
d)
carbohydrates
48.
What portion of the DNA molecule is also known as a "gene"
a)
the section that codes for a protein
b)
the section that does not code for a protein
c)
the mRNA strand
d)
the polypeptide sequence
49.
Translation takes place in the....
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm at the ribosome
c)
mitochondria
d)
outside of the cell
50.
What type of mutation is shown below
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Frameshift
51.
Transcribe the following sequence from DNA to mRNA
ATACGAC
a)
UAUGCUG
b)
TATGCTG
c)
ATACGAC
d)
UGACCAU
52.
Transcribe the following sequence from DNA to mRNA
TAACGCC
a)
AUUGCGG
b)
TAACGCC
c)
TUUCGCC
d)
UGACCAU
53.
AUAGUGAC- Represents what?
a)
A DNA sequence
b)
A mRNA sequence
c)
An amino acid sequence
54.
Phe Lys Trp - Represents what?
a)
A DNA sequence
b)
A mRNA sequence
c)
An amino acid sequence
d)
A tRNA sequence
55.
This image shows a ________________
a)
karyotype
b)
nuclear membrane
c)
transcription sequence
d)
DNA molecule
56.
What is the gender of the individual based on their karyotype?
a)
Male
b)
Female
c)
Karyotypes cannot be used to determine gender
57.
In the DNA, different ___________ of a gene have a different sequence of nitrogen bases
a)
alleles
b)
shapes
c)
proteins
58.
What is a gene?
a)
a section of DNA that codes for a particular protein/ trait
b)
all the DNA in your cells
c)
different characteristcs that result after a mutation
59.
What does DNA need to do BEFORE transcription occurs?
a)
unwind/unzip
b)
replicate
c)
go through translation
60.
An anti-codon is found on....
a)
mRNA
b)
DNA
c)
tRNA
d)
an amino acid sequence
61.
The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called ________________________
a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Interphase
d)
DNA Replication
62.
Deleting a base pair results in what kind of mutation?
a)
frameshift
b)
silent
c)
nonsense
d)
misense
63.
The DNA code determines...
a)
the sequence of amino acids in a protein
b)
the amount of protein made
c)
changes that need to be done to existing proteins
d)
how proteins fold once they are made
64.
What is responsible for carrying the "message" of DNA out of the nucleus
a)
tRNA molecule
b)
mRNA molecule
c)
DNA molecule
d)
rRNA molecule
65.
What type of mutation is shown below?
a)
Frameshift
b)
Silent
c)
Missense
d)
Nonsense
66.
mRNA polymerase WILL not transcribe unless a ____________ bonds to the regulatory protein
a)
positive transcription factor
b)
negative transcription factor
c)
mRNA destroyer
d)
ribosome
67.
What type of mutation is shown below?
a)
missense
b)
nonsense
c)
frame shift
d)
silent
100 %
