Worksheets180 Week 6: Cardio Meds
Total questions: 38
Worksheet time: 21mins
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Statins (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)?
Increase the production of cholesterol
Interfere with the synthesis of cholesterol
Reduce the excretion of sodium and water
Vasodilation of the small arteries
Which of the following are complications associated with Statins? (Select all that apply)
Hepatotoxicity
Myopathy
Hypotension
Bleeding
Edema
What should patients be instructed to do when taking Statins?
Take the medication with grapefruit juice
Monitor CK levels periodically throughout treatment
Only take the medication for short-term periods
Increase intake of fatty foods
Which are therapeutic uses of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors? [Select all that apply]
Hypertension
Heart failure
Myocardial infarction
Atrial fibrillation
Gout
Which is a contraindication/precaution for Statins? [Select all that apply]
Pregnancy Category X
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Smoking
Liver disease
What is the MOA of ACE Inhibitors?
Block the production of renin into angiotensin I
Reduce the synthesis of cholesterol
Reduce the production of angiotensin II by blocking angiotensin I
Increase the excretion of potassium
Which medication is primarily associated with the side effect of rash and dysgeusia (altered taste)?
Hydrochlorothiazide
Captopril
Enalapril
Epinephrine
What is the recommended action if a patient develops a cough while on ACE inhibitor therapy?
Increase the dose
Take an antitussive
Discontinue the medication
Administer diphenhydramine
ACE inhibitors interact with which medications? [Select all that apply]
Hydrochlorothiazide
Lithium carbonate
NSAIDs
Alendronate
Calcium carbonate
Enalapril is unique among ACE inhibitors because it can be administered in which way?
Orally
Intramuscularly
Intravenously
Subcutaneously
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Losartan (Cozaar), an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)?
Inhibition of renin and aldosterone activation
Block the action of angiotensin II
Increase the excretion of sodium and water
Bind with renin to inhibit angiotensin and aldosterone activation
What is a complication associated with the use of Losartan (Cozaar)? [Select 2 that apply]
Hypercalcemia
Angioedema
Dizziness
Cough
Hyperglycemia
What is the MOA of Aliskiren (Tekturna)?
Block the action of angiotensin II
Vasodilation of the small arteries
Bind with renin to inhibit angiotensin and aldosterone activation
Increase the excretion of sodium and water
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Calcium Channel Blockers like verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem?
They increase calcium channels in the blood vessels leading to vasoconstriction.
They block calcium channels in the blood vessels leading to vasodilation in heart and peripheral vessels.
They block sodium channels in the heart and peripheral vessels.
They stimulate calcium channels in the conduction system of the heart.
The 2 calcium channel blockers that are used for cardiac dysrhythmias are (a) and (b) .
Which of the following is a contraindication/precaution for the use of Verapamil?
Hypertension
Hypotension
Diabetes
Hyperlipidemia
What should be monitored when administering Calcium Channel Blockers?
Temperature and respiratory rate
Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP)
Blood glucose levels and cholesterol
Liver enzymes and kidney function
Which of the following is a prototype for alpha adrenergic blockers?
Metoprolol
Prazosin
Propranolol
Hydralazine
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of alpha adrenergic blockers?
Decrease cardiac output
Increase venous and arterial dilation
Decrease myocardial contractility
Increase sympathetic outflow
What is the prototype drug for beta adrenergic blockers?
Methyldopa
Clonidine
Metoprolol
Terazosin
What is a potential complication of using metoprolol?
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
Hypertension
Hyperglycemia
Which of the following is a contraindication for using propranolol?
Asthma
Hypertension
Angina
Migraine headache
What is the therapeutic use of digoxin (Lanoxin)?
Treatment of hypertension
Treatment of diabetes
Treatment of heart failure
Treatment of asthma
What should be monitored to reduce the risk of digoxin toxicity?
Sodium levels
Calcium levels
Potassium levels
Glucose levels
Which of the following medications can decrease plasma levels of digoxin?
Antacids
Verapamil
Insulin
Oral contraceptives
The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client. They auscultate the apical pulse and note it is 57 bpm. What action should the nurse take next?
Administer the medication as ordered
Hold the dose and notify the provider
Hold the dose and reassess the apical pulse in 1 hour
Skip the dose and wait for the next scheduled time
Which are symptoms of digoxin toxicity? [Select all that apply]
Anorexia
Yellow green halos
Weakness
Hypertension
Numbness
Which are complications of nitroglycerin? [Select all that apply]
Drowsiness
Angina
Hypotension
Headache
Reflex tachycardia
Slow onset
Placed on hairless skin
Rapid onset
Use at onset of pain
Reorder the following instructions for nitroglycerin sublingual administration
Stop activity
Sit down
Take 1 sublingual tab and wait 5 mins
Take 1 sublingual tab after 5 mins and call 911
Take 1 sublingual tab
What is the mechanism of action of heparin and enoxaparin?
They dissolve existing clots
They prevent clotting
They increase platelet count
They are administered orally
Which of the following is an antidote for heparin overdose?
Digoxin immune Fab
Protamine sulfate
Cholestyramine
Atropine
What should the aPTT levels be when monitoring a patient on heparin or enoxaparin?
0.5-1 times above normal
1-1.5 times above normal
1.5-2 times above normal
2-2.5 times above normal
What is the antidote for a warfarin overdose?
Naloxone
Vitamin K
Protamine sulfate
Acetylcysteine
What is the pregnancy category for warfarin?
Category A
Category B
Category X
Category D
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of the antiplatelet agent clopidogrel (Plavix)?
Reduces the production of clotting factors
Prolongs bleeding time by preventing platelet aggregation
Increases the viscosity of blood to prevent clots
Dilates the blood vessels to improve blood flow
Which of the following is a complication associated with the use of clopidogrel (Plavix)?
Hypertension
Coffee ground emesis
Shortness of breath
Hyperkalemia
When should clopidogrel (Plavix) administration be stopped before any elective surgeries?
1-2 days prior
3-4 days prior
5-7 days prior
8-10 days prior
