Worksheets8th Grade Science Curriculum Framework Quiz
Total questions: 1
Worksheet time: 48mins
What are atoms composed of?
Cells
Molecules
Subatomic particles
Chemical bonds
What does the electron cloud model represent?
The exact location of electrons in static orbits
The 3-D nature of the atom
A dense nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by regions of space where electrons are most likely to be found
The quantum mechanical model
What can students use the periodic table for, as mentioned in the text?
To find the atomic number of elements
To predict the chemical and physical properties of main group elements
To understand the structure of the atom
To learn about the history of atomic theory
What is the central idea reflected in the periodic table?
The number of protons in an atom
The types of chemical reactions
The subatomic particles and their properties
The molecular composition of compounds
What do atoms consist of?
Protons, neutrons, and molecules
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
Neutrons, electrons, and isotopes
Protons, isotopes, and electrons
What can the organization of the periodic table predict?
The color of elements
The smell of elements
The metallic character and tendency of main group elements to form ionic or covalent bonds
The exact temperature at which elements melt
Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table have the same number of what?
Protons
Neutrons
Energy levels
Valence electrons
According to the kinetic molecular theory, what is always in motion?
Only molecules
Only atoms
Atoms and molecules
Electrons within atoms
What factor is important in determining the physical state of a group of atoms or molecules?
Their color
Their relative amount of kinetic energy
Their position in the periodic table
Their electrical charge
How can the changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure be described?
By using the periodic table
By using the kinetic molecular theory
By using the law of conservation of mass
By using the principle energy levels
What are the different physical states (phases) in which matter can exist according to PS.3 a?
Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
Solid, liquid, gas, and vacuum
Solid, liquid, and gas only
Solid, liquid, gas, and ether
According to PS.3 a, which of the following is NOT expected to be identified or applied by students when studying physical properties of matter?
Density
Boiling point
Heat of combustion
Solubility
What does density represent as per PS.3 a?
The mass of the substance and its volume
The mass of the substance and its temperature
The volume of the substance and its temperature
The solubility of the substance and its mass
What are mixtures composed of?
Single substances that are chemically combined
Two or more substances that are chemically combined
Two or more substances that are not chemically combined
New substances created during a physical change
What happens during a chemical change?
The size, shape, and color of matter are modified
Substances are separated by physical means
A rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances occurs, forming at least one new substance
Elements combine in many ways without forming new substances
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
Burning wood
Cooking an egg
Ice cream melting
Rust forming on an iron nail
What is the result when the total energy required to break bonds in the reactants is more than the total energy released when new bonds are formed in the products?
The reaction is exothermic
The reaction is endothermic
The reaction is physical
The reaction is reversible
What happens to the atoms of elements to become chemically stable?
They form ionic bonds with compounds.
They gain, lose, or share electrons.
They always lose electrons.
They break down into simpler substances.
What do compounds consist of?
A single element in a variable ratio.
Two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
Multiple molecules combined in a non-fixed ratio.
Two or more compounds combined chemically.
How can compounds be classified based on the type of chemical bonds they contain?
Solid or liquid.
Organic or inorganic.
Ionic or covalent.
Acidic or basic.
According to the law of conservation of matter, what remains the same regardless of the changes within a closed system?
The type of substances.
The chemical properties of substances.
The total mass.
The number of molecules.
What do all atoms of an element have in common according to the enduring understandings section?
They all have the same number of electrons.
They all have the same number of protons.
They all have the same atomic mass.
They all have the same number of neutrons.
How many elements are known, as mentioned in the enduring understandings section?
More than 92 elements.
More than 118 elements.
Exactly 100 elements.
Less than 118 elements.
What determines an element's chemical properties according to the essential knowledge and practices?
The number of protons in the nucleus.
The number of electrons in the outermost energy level.
The atomic mass of the element.
The position of the element on the periodic table.
What are atoms with differing numbers of neutrons called?
Isotopes
Ions
Elements
Compounds
What happens to an atom when it gains or loses electrons?
It becomes a compound
It becomes an isotope
It becomes an ion
No change occurs
Elements in the same column of the periodic table are expected to have similar properties because they share the same number of:
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons in their outer energy level (valence)
Isotopes
The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called:
Groups
Periods
Columns
Rows
The vertical columns in the periodic table are known as:
Rows
Periods
Groups
Elements
On the periodic table, metals are generally located on the:
Right side
Left side
Top
Bottom
As one reads from left to right across the periodic table, elements have:
More metallic properties
Fewer metallic properties
Constant metallic properties
No metallic properties
Nonmetals on the periodic table are located to the:
Left of the stair-step line
Right of the stair-step line
Directly on the stair-step line
Below the stair-step line
What are the two states in which energy exists according to the Central Idea?
Thermal and mechanical
Radiant and chemical
Potential and kinetic
Electrical and nuclear
According to the Enduring Understandings, which type of energy is associated with the motion of waves, electrons, molecules, or an object?
Potential energy
Kinetic energy
Thermal energy
Chemical energy
What happens when the motion energy of an object changes, as stated in the Enduring Understandings?
There is a decrease in potential energy.
There is an increase in nuclear energy.
There is inevitably some other change in energy at the same time.
There is a transformation to only thermal energy.
What is visible light a form of according to the Enduring Understandings section?
Thermal energy
Mechanical energy
Radiant energy
Kinetic energy
According to the Enduring Understandings, what happens to some of the energy during energy transfer and transformation?
It is completely destroyed.
It is stored as potential energy.
It goes into the environment as thermal energy.
It turns into matter.
As per the Enduring Understandings, how is thermal energy transferred?
By conduction, convection, and radiation
By conduction only
By radiation only
By convection only
What does the amount of kinetic energy in a substance depend on, according to the Enduring Understandings?
Its Celsius temperature
Its mass
Its volume
Its Kelvin temperature
What is an exception to the transfer of thermal energy when a temperature difference exists, as mentioned in the Enduring Understandings?
When a chemical reaction occurs
When a phase change occurs
When the substance is at absolute zero
When the substance is isolated from the environment
What are students encouraged to do with Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales as per the Essential Knowledge and Practices?
Compare them to Fahrenheit
Memorize their differences
Compare them and use them to describe absolute zero
Use them to measure room temperature only
What is the theoretical temperature at which molecular motion stops, known as absolute zero?
0°C
-273°C
100°C
-100°C
The amount of energy transfer needed to change the temperature of a matter sample depends on which factors?
The size of the container and the state of the matter
The nature of the matter, the size of the sample, and the environment
The temperature of the surroundings and the color of the matter
The pressure of the environment and the chemical composition of the matter
Which of the following is not a renewable energy resource?
Solar
Wind
Biomass
Minerals
How is electrical energy produced according to the text?
Through a single transformation from mechanical energy
Through a series of energy transformations from a variety of original forms
By converting nuclear energy directly into electrical energy
By harnessing static electricity from the atmosphere
What is nuclear energy?
The energy produced by splitting atoms in a reactor
The energy stored in the nucleus of an atom that can be released by fusion or fission
The energy obtained from nuclear batteries
The energy harnessed from nuclear waste
What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength according to the text?
As frequency increases, wavelength increases.
There is no relationship between frequency and wavelength.
As frequency increases, wavelength decreases.
Frequency and wavelength are directly proportional.
What happens to the amplitude of a wave as the energy carried by the wave increases?
The amplitude of the wave decreases.
The amplitude of the wave remains the same.
The amplitude of the wave increases.
The energy of the wave is not related to its amplitude.
How is the speed of a wave defined in the text?
The number of waves produced over a given period.
The distance a wave travels over time.
The energy a wave carries from one place to another.
The change in speed when a wave passes through different materials.
What occurs when a wave passes through different materials, as described in the text?
Diffraction
Interference
Reflection
Refraction
What occurs when a wave bounces from a surface back toward its source?
Diffraction
Absorption
Reflection
Transmission
Diffraction is a characteristic of all wave types and occurs when a wave encounters what kind of surfaces?
Smooth and regular
Irregular
Reflective
Transparent
What type of waves are caused by vibrations carried through a medium?
Transverse waves
Longitudinal waves
Surface waves
Electromagnetic waves
What is the term used to describe the repeating pattern of compressions and rarefactions in a longitudinal wave?
Wavelength
Amplitude
Compression
Frequency
What is the amplitude of a longitudinal wave?
The distance from one compression to the next
The distance particles vibrate from their rest positions
The speed at which the wave travels
The number of compressions per unit time
When energy travels through a medium in a transverse wave, particles vibrate in what manner relative to the direction the wave is going?
In the same direction
In a circular motion
At right angles to the direction
In a back-and-forth motion along the path of the wave
What is the amplitude of a transverse wave?
The distance from one crest to the next trough
The distance from one point to the next corresponding point
The maximum distance the particles of a medium vibrate from their rest position
The speed at which the wave travels
What type of waves are mechanical waves?
Transverse waves
Longitudinal waves
Electromagnetic waves
Both A and B
What factor does NOT affect the speed of a longitudinal wave?
The medium through which it travels
The temperature of the medium
The amplitude of the wave
The presence of a vacuum
How is sound transmitted?
Through transverse waves without a medium
Through longitudinal waves and needs a medium
Through vibrations in a vacuum
Through electromagnetic waves
What causes sound?
The speed of light
The temperature of the medium
Vibrations, making particles move
The amplitude of light waves
What is the relationship between the amplitude of a mechanical wave and the loudness of sound?
Greater amplitudes equate with quieter sounds.
Amplitude is not related to the loudness of sound.
Greater amplitudes equate with louder sounds.
Amplitude is only related to the pitch of sound.
What does interference in wave patterns result in?
A decrease in wave amplitude.
A single wave pattern without change.
A new wave pattern that can be constructive or destructive.
The elimination of the original waves.
What is resonance in the context of wave phenomena?
The tendency of a system to decrease amplitude at certain frequencies.
The tendency of a system to vibrate at minimum amplitude at certain frequencies.
The tendency of a system to vibrate at maximum amplitude at certain frequencies.
The tendency of a system to stop vibrating at certain frequencies.
Which of the following is an example of wave-based technology?
Solar panels.
Battery technology.
Sonar and ultrasonography.
LED lighting.
What do all electromagnetic waves travel at?
The speed of sound.
Different speeds depending on the medium.
The speed of light.
Variable speeds that are unpredictable.
What is expected of students in order to meet the standard related to electromagnetic waves?
Describe the wave behavior of ultraviolet light.
Describe the wave behavior of visible light.
Describe the particle behavior of visible light.
Describe the wave behavior of all electromagnetic waves.
What consists of changing electric and magnetic fields?
Electromagnetic spectrum
Radiant energy
Electromagnetic radiation
Light waves
All types of electromagnetic radiation travel at the speed of light but differ in what aspect?
Direction
Frequency
Intensity
Energy source
What can the various wavelengths of radiant energy be converted to?
Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum includes gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwaves, and radio waves?
Electromagnetic field
Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic spectrum
Radiant energy
Which waves are the lowest-energy waves and have the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency?
Gamma rays
X-rays
Visible light
Radio waves
What happens when visible light shines on an object?
It is always reflected.
It is always absorbed.
It may be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object.
It turns into thermal energy.
What determines the color of an object as perceived by the human eye?
The color of the light source only.
The object's natural color only.
The wavelengths of reflected visible light coming from the object.
The angle at which light hits the object.
According to the law of reflection, how are the incident light ray, the reflected light ray, and the normal surface of the mirror related?
They form a right angle.
They are parallel to each other.
They lie on the same plane and the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
They intersect at the focal point of the mirror.
What type of image does a concave mirror produce if the object is close to the mirror?
An inverted and magnified image.
An upright and smaller image.
An upright and magnified image.
No image is produced.
What type of image does a convex mirror produce?
An inverted and magnified image.
An upright and magnified image.
An upright and smaller image.
No image is produced.
How can the path that light travels be described?
As curved lines.
As a wave.
As random particles.
As straight lines.
What happens to visible light when it travels through different media?
It bends at surfaces between different transparent materials.
It always travels in a straight line without any change.
It becomes invisible when passing through different media.
It speeds up and becomes ultraviolet light.
What is the result of refraction?
Light bends away from the thickest part of the lens.
Light travels faster, resulting in a straighter path.
A change in speed of the wave as it passes through different materials.
The light rays become parallel and do not converge or diverge.
What type of image does a concave lens create?
A smaller, inverted image.
A larger, upright image.
A smaller, upright image.
A larger, inverted image.
What is the purpose of electromagnetic radiation in everyday life?
It is only used in scientific experiments.
It has no practical uses in everyday life.
It is used in medicine, security, and telecommunications.
It is exclusively used for radio communications.
Which of the following is true about electromagnetic radiation used for communications and transmission of information?
Only visible light is used for digital signals.
Analog signals encode and transmit information more reliably than digital signals.
Radio waves, microwaves, and infrared radiation are some of the waves used.
Electromagnetic radiation cannot transmit information through air.
What is the difference between speed and velocity according to the text?
Speed is directional, while velocity is not.
Speed has a positive or negative value, while velocity does not.
Speed is non-directional and always has a positive value, while velocity may have a positive or negative value depending on direction.
There is no difference; speed and velocity are the same.
According to the text, what is not expected of students when studying motion?
To apply the concept of frame of reference to motion scenarios.
To compare the speed of two or more objects.
To memorize formulas for calculating speed, velocity, and acceleration.
To construct graphs to understand relationships and patterns of motion.
What does the text suggest about objects moving with circular motion and acceleration?
Objects moving with circular motion do not accelerate.
Objects moving with circular motion are constantly accelerating because direction is constantly changing.
Objects moving with circular motion only accelerate at certain points.
The text does not mention objects moving with circular motion.
What type of graph is used to represent an object moving with constant velocity according to the text?
A linear graph.
A curved graph.
A pie chart.
No graph is used for constant velocity.
