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WorksheetsGCSE Physics Quiz on energy
Total questions: 81
Worksheet time: 53mins
What gives off infrared radiation?
All objects
Only hot objects
Only cold objects
Only living organisms
What is a vacuum?
A space filled with air
A space where no matter exists
A type of cleaner
A space with only liquids and gases
What surfaces are good absorbers of infrared radiation?
Shiny, reflective surfaces
Transparent surfaces
Dark, matte surfaces
Smooth surfaces
What surfaces are slow to emit infrared radiation?
Dark, matte surfaces
Light, shiny surfaces
Transparent surfaces
Rough surfaces
What surfaces are good reflectors of infrared radiation?
Dark, matte surfaces
Light, shiny surfaces
Transparent surfaces
Rough surfaces
Where does conduction occur?
In gases
In liquids
In solids
In vacuums
Where does convection occur?
In solids
In liquids and gases
In vacuums
In plasmas
What is a poor conductor called?
Conductor
Insulator
Emitter
Absorber
Why does a fluid become less dense when it is heated?
The particles contract
The particles expand
The fluid freezes
The fluid evaporates
What 3 things can increase the rate of evaporation?
What 2 things can increase the rate of condensation?
Draw and label the 3 states of matter.
Give an explanation of how the three states of matter differ from each other.
Apart from the temperature difference, what else does the rate at which energy is transferred depend on?
The color of the object
The size of the object
The material of the object
The time of day
What is the specific heat capacity of a substance?
The amount of heat a substance can absorb before it changes state
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of the substance by 1 degree Celsius
The temperature increase when a substance absorbs a specific amount of heat
The heat required to change the state of 1 kilogram of a substance without changing its temperature
What does the symbol 'c' stand for in the equation for specific heat capacity (E = m x c x θ)?
The speed of light
The specific heat capacity
The heat transfer coefficient
The thermal conductivity
How much energy is needed to raise the temperature of 2kg of water by 1°C if the specific heat capacity of water is 4200J/kg°C?
2100 J
4200 J
8400 J
16800 J
How can the structure of the vacuum flask minimize energy transfer by conduction, convection, and radiation?
By having a reflective coating on the inner surfaces
By using a single glass wall
By allowing air flow between the walls
By using a metallic outer case
What does the conservation of energy mean?
Energy can be created and destroyed
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed
Energy can be destroyed but not created
Energy can be created but not destroyed
What can you not do to energy?
Transform it
Create it
Use it
Waste it
Name the useful energy of a light bulb.
(a)
What is the wasted energy of a light bulb?
Light
Sound
Heat
Electrical
What does this diagram show?
The conversion of energy from one form to another
The conservation of energy in a closed system
The efficiency of energy transfer in an appliance
The total energy output of an appliance
What is the diagram called?
Flowchart
Bar graph
Sankey diagram
Pie chart
Does efficiency have a unit?
Yes, it is measured in joules
Yes, it is measured in watts
No, it is a percentage
Yes, it is measured in newtons
In a light bulb, for 25 joules of energy that are supplied to the bulb, 5 joules are usefully transferred into light energy. What is the efficiency of the bulb?
5%
20%
25%
100%
How can you make machines more efficient?
By increasing the energy input
By decreasing the useful energy output
By reducing the wasted energy
By using less efficient energy sources
What type of energy is exemplified by food or fossil fuels?
Mechanical
Chemical
Thermal
Nuclear
What is the equation for electrical power?
E = P × t
P = E × t
P = E / t
P = t / E
What is a kilowatt-hour?
A unit of power
A unit of energy
A unit of electrical charge
A unit of force
If the price of 1kWh of electrical energy is 9p, how much does it cost to use a 60W electric light for 4 hours?
21.6p
24p
36p
2.16p
Loft insulation costs £600.00 including installation and saves £80.00 per year on the fuel bill. How long is the payback time?
6.5 years
7.5 years
8 years
7 years
Based on the diagram, which area of the house loses the most heat?
Through the windows
Through the roof
Through the walls
In draughts
What fuel is used in a Nuclear power station?
Coal
Uranium
Natural Gas
Biomass
What process releases the energy in a Nuclear power station?
Combustion
Nuclear Fission
Photosynthesis
Fermentation
Does a Nuclear power station produce greenhouse gases?
Yes, in large quantities
No, but it produces other pollutants
Yes, but only during construction
No, it does not produce greenhouse gases
What do the transformers C and D do in the National Grid and why?
Transformer C increases voltage to reduce energy loss, and Transformer D decreases voltage for safe domestic use
Transformer C decreases voltage for safe domestic use, and Transformer D increases voltage to reduce energy loss
Both transformers C and D increase voltage to reduce energy loss
Both transformers C and D decrease voltage for safe domestic use
Draw a flow diagram to show how a power station produces electricity.
Power Station -> Transformer -> Overhead Power Lines -> House
Power Station -> Overhead Power Lines -> Transformer -> House
Overhead Power Lines -> Power Station -> Transformer -> House
House -> Transformer -> Overhead Power Lines -> Power Station
What do we use waves for?
Communication
Eating
Sleeping
Driving
With a transverse wave, the oscillation (vibration) of the particle is ______ to the direction in which the wave travels.
perpendicular
parallel
the same
unrelated
What type of wave can be produced on a stretched string?
Transverse
Longitudinal
Both transverse and longitudinal
Neither transverse nor longitudinal
The oscillation of the particles in a longitudinal wave is ______ to the direction of the travel of the wave.
perpendicular
parallel
the same
unrelated
A longitudinal wave is made up of ______ and ______.
Give an example of a mechanical wave.
(a)
Are electromagnetic waves transverse, longitudinal, or both?
Transverse
Longitudinal
Both
Neither
Can electromagnetic waves travel through a vacuum?
Yes
No
Only at certain frequencies
Only with a medium
What is the speed of waves with a frequency of 5Hz and a wavelength of 2m?
2.5 m/s
10 m/s
7 m/s
3 m/s
What is the normal in the context of reflection?
The surface of the mirror
The line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence
The angle of incidence
The reflected ray
Where are angles always measured between in the context of reflection?
Between the normal and the reflected ray
Between the incident ray and the reflected ray
Between the normal and the incident ray
Between the mirror surface and the incident ray
What does the law of reflection state?
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
The angle of reflection is greater than the angle of incidence
The angle of incidence is less than the angle of reflection
What is a real image?
An image that can be projected onto a screen
An image that cannot be seen directly
An image that is formed at the surface of the mirror
An image that is always upright
What is a virtual image?
An image that can be projected onto a screen
An image that cannot be seen directly
An image that appears to be behind the mirror
An image that is always inverted
What happens to light when it passes through a narrow gap compared to a wide gap in the context of diffraction?
It bends more when passing through a narrow gap
It bends less when passing through a narrow gap
It does not bend at all when passing through a narrow gap
It bends the same amount regardless of the gap width
Why might people living in hilly areas have poor radio reception?
Because radio waves cannot penetrate hills
Because radio waves are absorbed by hills
Because radio waves do not diffract over hills
Because radio waves diffract too much over hills
What is refraction of light?
The bouncing back of light from a surface
The change of direction of a light ray when it crosses a boundary between two transparent substances
The spreading out of light waves when they pass through a gap
The absorption of light by a medium
Why does light split up into different colors when it passes through a triangular prism?
Because of reflection
Because of diffraction
Because of dispersion
Because of absorption
If the speed of light is reduced, in which direction does refraction occur?
Away from the normal
Towards the normal
Parallel to the normal
In the direction of the incident ray
If the speed of light is increased, in which direction does refraction occur?
Away from the normal
Towards the normal
Parallel to the normal
In the direction of the incident ray
What is the frequency range for the normal human ear?
20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
10 Hz to 10,000 Hz
30 Hz to 15,000 Hz
50 Hz to 25,000 Hz
Sound waves are what type of wave?
Transverse wave
Longitudinal wave
Surface wave
Electromagnetic wave
What are reflections of sound called?
Refractions
Echoes
Reverberations
Resonance
Explain why you will not be able to hear this electric bell.
Because the bell is broken
Because the bell is in a vacuum
Because the bell is too quiet
Because the frequency is too high
What does the pitch of a note depend on?
The amplitude of the wave
The frequency of the wave
The phase of the wave
The speed of the wave
What does the loudness of a note depend on?
The frequency of the wave
The phase of the wave
The amplitude of the wave
The speed of the wave
What does white light consist of?
Only ultraviolet light
Only infrared light
A spectrum of all colors
Only blue, green, and red light
What do electromagnetic waves transfer?
Matter
Energy
Chemicals
Particles
The equation V = f × λ is used to calculate the what of electromagnetic waves?
Speed or energy
Frequency or wavelength
Amplitude or phase
Intensity or power
What is necessary to evaluate to determine if mobile phones are safe to use?
Their color
Their price
Their research
Their popularity
Radio waves of different frequencies are used for what?
Different cooking methods
Different communication purposes
Different lighting systems
Different heating systems
All electromagnetic waves travel through space at the same what, but have different wavelengths and frequencies?
Speed
Intensity
Amplitude
Energy
Which of the following is not a keyword associated with Chapter 6 - Electromagnetic Waves?
Optical fibre
Gamma
Radiation
Velocity
What is the correct order of the electromagnetic spectrum from highest to lowest frequency?
Radio waves, Microwaves, Gamma
Gamma, Microwaves, Radio waves
Microwaves, Gamma, Radio waves
Radio waves, Gamma, Microwaves
What is the Big Bang Theory?
A theory that the universe is contracting
A theory that the universe is in a steady state
A theory that the universe is expanding from a single point
A theory that the universe is oscillating between expansion and contraction
What has been expanding ever since the Big Bang?
The solar system
The Milky Way galaxy
The universe
The Earth's atmosphere
What is Cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR)?
Radiation from the sun
Radiation from black holes
Radiation from the early universe
Radiation from cosmic rays
What can CMBR be explained by?
The Steady State Theory
The Big Bang Theory
The Pulsating Universe Theory
The Solar Nebula Theory
When the source moves away from the observer the observed wavelength __________ and the frequency __________.
increases, increases
decreases, decreases
increases, decreases
decreases, increases
When the source moves towards the observer the observed wavelength __________ and the frequency __________.
increases, increases
decreases, decreases
increases, decreases
decreases, increases
Which galaxies are moving fastest?
Galaxies with the most red-shift
Galaxies with the most blue-shift
Galaxies with no shift
Galaxies with the least red-shift
How does red-shift show that the universe is expanding?
It indicates that galaxies are moving towards each other
It indicates that galaxies are stationary
It indicates that galaxies are moving away from each other
It indicates that galaxies are moving in a circular pattern
What would a blue-shift indicate?
A galaxy moving away from us
A galaxy moving towards us
A galaxy not moving
A galaxy moving in a random direction
