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OCE Module 3 & 4 Coasts, Pollution, Climate Change, Ocean Zones

Total questions: 90

Worksheet time: 2hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Marine debris can cause animals to:

a)

Starve

b)

strangle

c)

Suffocate

d)

all of the above.

2.

Marine litter is mainly composed by...

a)

Paper / Cardboard

b)

Metal

c)

Plastic

d)

Glass

3.

How does plastic end up reaching and entering the ocean from land?

a)

Littering in towns and cities

b)

Dumpsites near waterways and oceans

c)

People littering on beaches

d)

All of the above

4.

What happens to plastic waste?

a)

Sinks to the bottom and gets buried under the sand

b)

It never fully goes away, it just breaks into little pieces

c)

Dissolves and decomposes in the water

d)

It is dumped in the ocean for fish to eat

5.
What causes The Great Pacific Garbage Patch to form?
a)
surface winds
b)
tropical storms
c)
animal nesting
d)
ocean currents
6.

What is a micro-plastic?

a)

a tiny particle created when larger plastic items, tooth brushes, bottles, bags, break down over decades

b)

invisible organisms in the air

c)

molecules in the water

d)

smoke in the air

7.
Water pollution that comes from many sources is considered...
a)
point source pollution
b)
nonpoint source pollution
c)
thermal pollution
d)
ocean pollution
8.
______________________ is water waste discharge from a single source.
a)
nonpoint source pollution
b)
wastewater
c)
point source pollution
d)
pathogen
9.
______________________ is the introduction of chemical, physical, or biological agents into water that degrade water quality and adversely affect the organisms that depend on the water.
a)
water pollution
b)
desalination
c)
watershed
d)
potable
10.

What word describes this image?

a)

Bioaccumulation

b)

Toxic accumulation

c)

Microplastic entrophy

d)

Biotoxic enhancement

11.

A ship carrying gasoline runs into shore and spills large amount of gasoline.

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

12.

Chemicals released from an Industrial Plant directly into a river

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

13.

Litter on city streets washes away during a storm

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

14.

Car leak oil onto driveways and it washes away

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

15.

How does plastic trash cause marine life and sea birds to starve?

a)

They mistake plastic for food, which clogs their stomachs and doesn't leave any room for real food.

b)

Plastic takes up space in the water so marine animals have no place to live.

c)

The plastic in the ocean is so dense that the marine life cannot find food easily.

d)

Plastic doesn't cause marine life or sea bird to starve: they're smart enough to know the difference between plastic and food.

16.

Humans are also ingesting plastic that has ended up in the ocean. How is this possible?

a)

The tiny plastic particles in the ocean end up coming through the faucets in our sinks once the salt water is converted to fresh water.

b)

The fish in the ocean eat the plastics and humans eat the fish, causing the toxic chemicals from the plastics to spread from the fish to humans.

c)

Humans are mistaking plastics in the ocean for food just as the marine life and sea birds are.

d)

All of the above.

17.

What happens to plastic waste?

a)

It is a biodegradable material so it eventually disintegrates

b)

It never fully goes away, it just breaks into little pieces

c)

There is no such thing as plastic waste, all plastic is recycled

d)

It is dumped in the ocean for fish to eat

18.

What is the name of the massive, slow-moving ocean currents that can trap and accumulate floating debris, including plastics?

a)

Ocean gyres

b)

Whirlpools

c)

Tides

d)

Rip currents

19.

when microorganisms like bacteria or plants are used to clean up oil spills by "consuming" crude oil, that is called...

a)

bioremediation

b)

biotechnology

c)

biodegradation

d)

green infrastructure

e)

green eutrophication

20.

When the third mate of an oil tanker steered too far out of a shipping line in the Prince William Sound to avoid colliding with sea ice, he had poor navigation and struck a reef that punctured the single hull tanker, which spilled its contents into the ocean:

a)

Exxon Valdez

b)

Chevron Valdez

c)

BP Deepwater Horizon

d)

BP Shallowater Waves

e)

Love Canal

21.

The April 20th, 2010 offshore oil rig explosion that resulted in 11 deaths and 200 million gallons of oil spilled into the Gulf of Mexico was called...

a)

Exxon Valdez

b)

Chevron Valdez

c)

BP Deepwater Horizon

d)

BP Shallowater Waves

e)

Love Canal

22.

When oil spills occur what is it that typically pollutes the ocean?

a)

crude oil

b)

gasoline

c)

diesel

d)

methane

e)

natural gas

23.

What is an organism that consumes another organism for nutrients?

a)

heterotroph

b)

decomposer

c)

autotroph

d)

detritivore

24.

​ ​ (a)   uses chemical energy to make organic matter in ​ ​ (b)   environments without ​ (c)   weather. This allows these organisms to be ​ (d)   and supply energy to ​ (e)   .

Choose from the below words
chemosynthesis
extreme
sunny
producers
consumers
photosynthesis
25.

How did DDT affect the food chain in an ecosystem?

a)

DDT ran off pastures and into the water, got consumed by small organisms, and through the food chain humans consumed it and got really sick.

b)

DDT spilt off an oil ship and went into the ocean. It got consumed by small organisms and through the food chain until penguins consumed it and made their feathers fall off.

c)

DDT ran off crops and into the water, got consumed by small organisms, and through the food chain eagles consumed it and their eggs didn't survive.

d)

DDT caused a large decrease in the number of all predators in the ecosystem.

26.
free-floating microscopic plants and animals
a)
plankton
b)
kelp
c)
crustaceans
d)
boats
27.
the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
a)
salinity
b)
profit
c)
density
d)
weight
28.
can indicate the presence of phytoplankton in the ocean
a)
food web
b)
thermocline
c)
salinity
d)
ocean color
29.
atmospheric gases that are also the main gases found in ocean water
a)
nitrogen, oxide, methane
b)
nitrogen, carbon monoxide, flatulence
c)
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen, methanol, ketone
30.
a layer in a body of water in which water temperature drops with increased depth faster than it does in other areas
a)
thermocline
b)
incline
c)
saline
d)
decline
31.
major pollutants in the ocean
a)
herbicide, insecticide, rainbows
b)
DDT, salt, plankton
c)
plankton, acid, nodules
d)
mercury, insecticide, and DDT
32.
Plankton can be called “the foundation of life in the ocean” because they
a)
are marine organisms that need sunlight
b)
live in the upper 100 m of water
c)
form the base of complex food webs in the ocean
d)
are one of three main food sources in the ocean
33.
In the benthic zone of the ocean, you would most likely find   
a)
dolphins
b)
whales
c)
swordfish
d)
starfish
34.
Why is the ocean called a carbon sink?   
a)
Ocean water destroys trace carbon elements.   
b)
Organisms in the water release carbon dioxide into the air. 
c)
Ocean water dissolves carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.     
d)
Ocean water becomes saltier with high carbon levels
35.
In the pelagic zone of the ocean, you would most likely find 
a)
sponges
b)
tuna
c)
worms
d)
brachiopods
36.
Which of the following sea life is an example of nekton?
a)
oysters
b)
cod
c)
plankton
d)
sea stars
37.
Which of the following sea life is an example of benthos?
a)
plankton
b)
dolphins
c)
squid
d)
crabs
38.

Plastic:

a)

takes hundreds of years to biodegrade

b)

doesn't biodegrade, but breaks into smaller pieces

c)

cannot be effectively recycled

d)

none of the above are true

39.

Pre-production plastic pellets are called:

a)

microplastics

b)

pieces

c)

plastics

d)

nurdles

40.

Fertilizer runoff includes

a)

nutrient pollution of nitrates and phosphates

b)

extra CO2 entering the water from the atmosphere

c)

overheating water that creates algae blooms

d)

increasing the salinity (saltiness) of water

41.

A solution with a pH less than 7

a)

basic

b)

acidic

c)

neutral

d)

alkaline

42.

Term meaning to make something less severe

a)

mitigate

b)

migrate

c)

imitate

d)

inmate

43.

A compound found in the shells or other structures of animals like mussels and corals

a)

calcium carbonate

b)

sodium hydroxide

c)

hydrogen ion

d)

carbonate

44.

Process in ocean water caused by CO2 dissolving and reacting with water that ultimately produces hydrogen ions and related challenges in organisms trying to build shells

a)

ocean alkalinization

b)

ocean acidification

c)

ocean neutralization

d)

ocean pollution

45.

Which of the following is correct about deep ocean currents?

a)

Deep ocean currents move quickly.

b)

Deep ocean currents are caused by winds.

c)

Deep ocean currents move cold water toward the equator.

d)

Deep ocean currents are affected by temperature but not by salinity.

46.

Which of the following events is the usual cause for upwelling?

a)

Wind blows warm water away from the shore.

b)

Warm water rises to the surface of the ocean.

c)

Neap tides move cold water away from the shore.

d)

Cold water falls to the bottom of the ocean and pushes warm water up.

47.

Greenhouse gases are most accurately explained as

a)

the result of fossil fuel use

b)

gases that cause the greenhouse effect

c)

carbon dioxide and methane

d)

gases that trap energy from the sun in Earth’s atmosphere

48.

Tidal range is

a)

the cause for the rotation of wind in a circular pattern

b)

the difference between levels of high tide and low tide

c)

the water that flows away from the shore and moves sand with it

d)

the difference between the times the high tide and low time come in

49.

Which of the following causes Earth's oceans to bulge?

a)

the wind blowing

b)

the Coriolis effect

c)

the moon's gravity

d)

rotation of Earth

50.

What effect do Oceans have on the Carbon cycle?

a)

Oceans dissolve Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

b)

Oceans create fossil fuels from carbon dioxide in the air.

c)

Ocean plants put carbon dioxide in the air by photosynthesis.

51.
What has the highest albedo?
a)
the oceans
b)
 glacial ice
c)
the ground
d)
roads
52.
Which of the following best describes weather?
a)
day to day conditions of the atmosphere at a place in regards to heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.
b)
long-term conditions of the atmosphere at a place in regards to heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.
53.
Which of these factors doesn't influence climate?  
a)
latitude
b)
longitude
c)
elevation
d)
distance from large body of water
54.
What generally happens to temperatures as you increase in elevation?
a)
increase
b)
decrease
55.
Paleoclimatologists can use historical data to study temperature and precipitation trends of the past. These observations can be found in all of the following EXCEPT...
a)
Farmers logs
b)
Newspaper accounts
c)
Your local TV news
d)
Travellers' Diaries
56.
Paleoclimatologists can use corals to study the climate of the past. By looking at oxygen isotope ratios they can determine the ___________ of that time period.
a)
Precipitation
b)
Temperature 
c)
Barometric Pressure
d)
Humidity
57.
Paleoclimatologists can use tree rings to study the climate of the past. The size of the ring can help them determine the ________________ of the year the ring represents. 
a)
Precipitation 
b)
Temperature 
c)
Temperature and Precipitation
d)
Humidity
58.

The paleoclimate data in this graph suggests that

a)

increasing carbon dioxide levels occur alongside a decrease of atmospheric temperatures

b)

increasing carbon dioxide levels occur alongside an increase of atmospheric temperatures

59.

Seashell fossils have been found in the deserts. What can you learn from this evidence?

a)

The area used to be covered in water.

b)

The area used to have strong wind.

c)

The area used to have nutrient rich soil.

d)

The area used to be on top of the mountains

60.

Which of the following is NOT used by climate scientists to study past climate patterns?

a)

Tree rings

b)

Ice cores

c)

Thermometer readings

61.
What causes La Nina?
a)
cooling of water in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South America
b)
cooling water off the Atlantic coast of the US
c)
cooling water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America
d)
warm water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America
62.

This animation represents which of the Milankovitch Cycles?

a)

Eccentricity

b)

Precession

c)

Obliquity

63.

What are the three types of Milankovitch Cycle

a)

eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession.

b)

eccentricity, obliquity, and precession

c)

eccentricity and obliquity

64.

What is obliquity

a)

the measurement of Earth's obrit

b)

the direction of Earth orbit on its axis

c)

when the Earth is titled

d)

none of the above

65.

What is the most likely cause of the current loss of Antarctic ice?

a)

Natural variability

b)

Human activity

c)

Higher-energy weather patterns

d)

Melting ice

66.

What is the term used to describe the amount of light reflected from the surface instead of being absorbed?

a)

Albedo

b)

Feedback

c)

Tipping point

d)

Vicious cycle

67.

How is sea ice different from land ice?

a)

Sea ice increases the volume of the ocean when it melts. Land ice does not.

b)

Sea ice decreases the volume of the ocean when it melts. Land ice does not.

c)

Sea ice does not change the volume of the ocean when it melts. Land ice increases the volume.

d)

Sea ice does not change the volume of the ocean when it melts. Land ice decreases the volume.

68.

This coastline was created due to...

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

Using your phone in class

d)

Both

69.

What is this depositional feature called?

a)

Tombolo

b)

Spit

c)

Sand Dune

d)

Sand Bar

70.

What is the erosional feature shown here?

a)

Sea Arch

b)

Tombolo

c)

Spit

d)

Stack

71.

Overtime, after a cliff has receeded, what MAY be left?

a)

Wave cut platform

b)

Wave cut stone

c)

Wave cut cliff

d)

Wave worn platform

72.

This is

a)

Longshore Drift

b)

Nearshore currents

c)

Attrition

d)

Undertow

73.

This is a

a)

Headland

b)

Stack

c)

Arch

d)

Bay

74.

Sea walls, jetties and groins helps prevent _____________.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

75.

Which of these is also called the Sunlight Zone?

a)

Epipelagic

b)

Mesopelagic

c)

Hadalpelagic

d)

Abyssopelagic

e)

Bathypelagic

76.

Which of these is also called the Midnight Zone?

a)

Epipelagic

b)

Mesopelagic

c)

Hadalpelagic

d)

Abyssopelagic

e)

Bathypelagic

77.

Which of these is refers to life near the bottom floor of the ocean/abyssal plain?

a)

Epipelagic

b)

Mesopelagic

c)

Hadalpelagic

d)

Abyssopelagic

e)

Bathypelagic

78.

This is the classifying term for life that mainly drifts or floats in the ocean.

a)

Plankton

b)

Nekton

c)

Benthos

79.

This is the classifying term for life that are strong swimmers.

a)

Plankton

b)

Nekton

c)

Benthos

80.

A secondary consumer only gains ____ of the energy of the total available energy of the primary consumer that it eats.

a)

30%

b)

50%

c)

90%

d)

10%

81.

Organisms that live in the water column (either swimming or drifting):

a)

pelagic

b)

benthic

c)

detritivores

d)

neritic

82.

Organisms that live on the seafloor or in the sediment are called:

a)

pelagic

b)

neritic

c)

benthic

d)

oceanic

83.

This zone has extreme fluctions in temperature and salinity throughout the day and organisms that live here are at risk of dessication (drying out):

a)

pelagic zone

b)

intertidal zone

c)

neritic zone

d)

hadopelagic zone

84.

Producers like plants and algae require these reactants for photosynthesis to occur:

a)

carbon dioxide and water

b)

glucose and oxygen

c)

oxygen and water

d)

carbon dioxide and oxygen

85.

Which of the following marks the deepest part of the ocean?

a)

Galathea depth

b)

Puerto Rico Trench

c)

Tonga Trench

d)

Mariana's Trench

86.

Identify the one labeled "A".

a)

Crest

b)

Trough

c)

Wavelength

d)

Amplitude

87.

Sonar uses what waves to map the ocean floor?

a)

sound

b)

transverse

c)

electromagnetic

d)

tsunami

88.

What is one importance of upwelling?

a)

More nutrients for the organisms.

b)

Warmer water.

c)

No significant importance

89.

It is where freshwater mixes with the sea water.

a)

Mesopelagic

b)

Estuary

c)

River

d)

Bathypelagic

90.

Largest and deepest ocean.

a)

Atlantic

b)

Indian

c)

Arctic

d)

Pacific

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