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8th Grade Science State Test Review (EARTH SCIENCE ONLY)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
How does an alluvial fan form?
a)
where a stream enters an ocean
b)
when a stream overflows
c)
when a meandering stream is cut off
d)
when a stream reaches a flat area of land
2.
What force is responsible for erosion and deposition in landslides?
a)
gravity
b)
ice
c)
wind
d)
temperature
3.
What is responsible for the formation of sand dunes?
a)
Wind
b)
Water
c)
Gravity
d)
Ice
4.

the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces from the effects of wind, water, and ice

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

d)

Landform

5.

the gradual moving of smaller pieces by wind, water, and other natural forces

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

d)

Landform

6.

the settling, layering, and build up of land by the settlement of sediment and soil in a new location

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

d)

Landform

7.

a deep gorge in the surface of Earth formed by the erosion of moving water and sand (Hint: Usually has a river running through it)

a)

Delta

b)

Valley

c)

Sand Dune

d)

Canyon

8.

a triangular landform where a river empties into another body of water

a)

Delta

b)

Valley

c)

Sand Dune

d)

Canyon

9.

low area between to hills or mountains created by ice (U-shaped) or rivers (V-shaped)

a)

Delta

b)

Valley

c)

Sand Dune

d)

Canyon

10.

In the picture, the lines you see are called elevation lines. a ‘line of equal elevation’ is also called a ....

a)

Contour line

b)

Relief

11.

The distance between contour lines is called...

a)

Contour interval

b)

Contour line

c)

Colors

d)

Mountains

12.

Gradient means..

a)

The slope/steepness

b)

The width

c)

Contour line

13.

What is the what layers of the Earth makes up the Lithosphere?

a)

Upper Mantle

b)

Center Mantle

c)

Crust

d)

Outer Core

14.

What causes the plates to move inside the earth?

a)

Pressure

b)

Convection Currents

c)

Time

d)

Heat

15.

What layer makes up the asthenosphere?

a)

Outer Core

b)

Inner core

c)

Mantle

16.

What evidence exists that proves that Earth has layers?

a)

They can be seen from special locations on the Earth

b)

observations of earthquakes and buildings swaying

c)

seismic data from earthquakes on the other side of the Earth

d)

rock samples from deep layers

17.
Which layer of Earth is the thinnest?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
18.
What makes the inner core solid?
a)
Metals in the core are very light.
b)
Pressure at the core is very high.
c)
Chemicals in the core are very reactive.
d)
Temperatures in the core are very low.
19.
The speed of seismic waves _____ through materials that are MORE dense. 
a)
increase
b)
decrease
20.

Which layer of earth is molten (liquid metal)?

a)

inner core

b)

outer core

c)

crust

d)

lithosphere

21.
Which layer is plastic and has the consistency of silly putty allowing movement?
a)
asthenosphere
b)
lithosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
crust
22.

Pangaea was an ancient supercontinent made up of...

a)

America, Greenland, and Europe

b)

Antarctica, India, and America

c)

all of Earth’s continents

d)

South Africa, India, Australia, and South America

23.

Why did no one believe Wegener's thoery that the continents were once together?

a)

He could not explain HOW the continents moved

b)

He didn't have evidence

c)

His data was wrong

d)

He didn't use the right technology to gather data

24.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core

d)

the Moho discontinuity

25.

Tectonic plates “float” on

a)

the lithosphere

b)

the mantle

c)

the ocean

d)

the asthenosphere

26.

The fact that similar fossils are found on both sides of the ocean is evidence of

a)

magnetic reversal

b)

global positioning

c)

continental drift

d)

oceanic drift

27.

Who is the scientist who proposed Continental Drift Theory?

a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Alfred Wegener
c)
Isaac Newton
d)
John Dalton
28.

When plates collide we get ________.

a)

crumbles

b)

volcanos

c)

trenches

d)

mountain ranges

29.
Associated with transform boundaries.
a)
Volcanoes
b)
mountains
c)
trenches
d)
earthquakes
30.

Subduction means.....

a)

one plate goes under another plate

b)

two plates slide past each other

c)

two plate collide and form folded mountains

31.

Sea-floor spreading explains how.....

a)

new crust is created at a divergent boundary

b)

volcanoes are formed on continents

c)

deep sea trenches are formed

32.

When oceanic lithosphere descends into the asthenosphere and creates trenches

a)

subduction

b)

divergent boundary

c)

seafloor spreading

d)

continental rifting

33.
Which best describes a fossil that helps determine the relative age of a rock layer?
a)
trace fossil
b)
index fossil
c)
radioactive fossil
d)
unconformity fossil
34.
Which statement best describes the Law of Superposition?
a)
Each sedimentary layer of rock represents 1,000 years of Earth's age, much like the rings of a tree.
b)
In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rocks, the upper rock layers are older than the lower rock layers.
c)
In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.
d)
Rocks that form near volcanoes are older than surrounding rock.
35.
The Law of Superposition helps scientists to determine what?
a)
The absolute age of rock layers
b)
The age of fossils
c)
The relative age of rock layers
d)
the super powers of rocks
36.

How do we know that all seven continents were once connected by a landmass?

a)

The continents were surrounded by oceans.

b)

Dinosaur fossils are found on all seven continents.

c)

The North and South Poles are the coldest places on Earth and are frozen.

d)

There is different weather on the continents.

37.

Someone discovered a saltwater fish fossil on the shore of a freshwater lake. Why could the fossils be found there?

a)

The fish was left there by a fisherman.

b)

The fish moved across the land to get to the lake long ago.

c)

The fish lived in the area long ago when it was covered by an ocean.

d)

The fish was left there long ago by a storm.

38.
Which of the following orders the rock layers accurately from oldest to youngest?
a)
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H
b)
B, F, G, C, D, H, A, E
c)
B, G, C, D, E, H, A, F
d)
F, A, H, E, D, C, G, B
39.
Put the layers in order from oldest to youngest.
a)
a, b, c, d, e
b)
b, c, d, a, e
c)
b, c, d, e, a 
d)
e, d, c, b, a
40.

Which Era was mainly dominated by dinosaurs?

a)

Cenozoic

b)

Jurassic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Paleozoic

41.

How old do Paleontologists believe the Earth is?

a)

2019 years old

b)

3.6 billion years old

c)

4.6 billion years old

d)

4.6 million years old

42.

What type of event usually marks the end of an Era

a)

A Mass Extinction

b)

A Quinceanera

c)

An earthquake

d)

A Volcanic Eruption

43.

Absolute age is defined as:

a)

The age of rock determined by radiometric dating.

b)

The age of rock based on living animals.

c)

The age of rock based on its location.

d)

The age of rock determined by relative dating.

44.
If the half-life of a radioactive group of atoms is 100 years, then how old is the rock if there have been two half-lives?
a)
25 years
b)
200 years
c)
400 years
d)
800 years
45.
What percent of carbon-14 would be left after 11,460 years? (2 half lives)
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
46.

The % of the parent isotope remaining after 1 Half Life.

a)

50%

b)

25%

c)

12.5%

d)

6.25%

47.

After 22,800 years, approximately what percentage of the original carbon-14 remains?

a)

15%

b)

12.5%

c)

6.25%

d)

3.125%

48.

Ice cores can trap gases, like carbon dioxide. And increased concentration of carbon dioxide found in a layer of ice is one piece of evidence for ____________.

a)

climate change

b)

cell theory

49.

Since 1958, increased levels of CO2 have been detected in ice cores. Which is most likely responsible for this increase?

a)

Using wind turbines

b)

Using moving water to generate electricity

c)

Burning fossil fuels

50.

Yaara wants to determine if amount of fertilizer impacts grass growth

What is the Independent Variable?

a)

amount of fertilizer

b)

type of fertilizer

c)

grass growth

d)

type of grass

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