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ECOLOGY_Mallika

Total questions: 203

Worksheet time: 4hrs 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the range of physical and biological conditions in which species lives and the way the species obtain what is needed

a)

Adaptation

b)

Competition

c)

Niche

d)

Resources

2.

Sea urchin is a (a)   species

3.

What are the types of symbiosis?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

All three

4.

Example of Mutualism

(a)  

5.

Ecosystems change over time, especially after disturbances, as some species die out and new species move in.

a)

Ecological succession

b)

Primary succession

c)

Ecological adaptation

d)

Species diversity

6.

A new volcanic island is produced off the coast. What will most likely be the first species to grow there?

a)

Grasses

b)

Pioneer trees

c)

Weeds

d)

Lichens

7.

(a)   Ends with a climax community

8.

Most common greenhouse gases are

a)

Carbondioxide

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sulphur

9.

Which are the climate zones of the Earth

(a)  

10.

Which type of symbiosis is shown in the image?

(a)  

11.

Which type of succession is shown?

(a)  

12.

The primary cause of ozone depletion is

a)

CFCs

b)

CO2

c)

O3

d)

PAN

13.

Which of these is the foundation of the Food Web and Energy Pyramid?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Plants

c)

Decomposers

d)

Omnivores

14.

Which species will have the largest population?

a)

Hawks

b)

Snakes

c)

Rabbits

d)

Grass

15.

Which of these would be used to describe a Tundra?

a)

Permafrost

b)

Caribou

c)

Cool summers

d)

Rich topsoil

16.

What is a habitat?

a)

Any necessity of life (water, light, food)

b)

Ability of an organism to survive

c)

Area where an organism lives

d)

Relationship with which 2 species live close together.

17.

This graph represents what?

a)

boom or bust

b)

exponential growth

c)

logistic growth

18.

The carrying capacity for a population is......

a)

dependent only on predators

b)

same for each organism

c)

not effected by limiting factors

d)

the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation.

19.

A volcano in Hawaii erupts and completely decimates a nearby ecosystem covering everything in liquid hot magma. After the magma cools how would you expect life to come back the the ecosystem?

a)

grasses -> small trees -> flowers -> shrubs -> large trees

b)

mosses -> wild flowers -> grasses -> shrubs -> large trees

c)

grass -> wild flowers -> shrubs -> small trees -> large trees

d)

lichens/mosses -> grasses -> shrubs -> small trees -> large trees

20.

The picture depicts which symbiotic relationship?

a)

mutualism

b)

parasitism

c)

predation

d)

commensalism

21.

Which type of pollution is caused by Lead?

(a)  

22.

A bee receives nectar from a flower and carries the pollen to other flowers:

a)

predation

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

23.

Mistletoe grows and spreads on trees, taking their nutrients:

a)

predation

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

24.

What would happen within a few months after the formation of a volcanic island?

a)

pioneer species would grow

b)

no pioneer species would grow

c)

trees and large plants would grow

d)

rich, organic soil would be present

25.

What would be a good example of a primary consumer?

a)

carnivore

b)

detrivore

c)

decomposer

d)

herbivore

26.

Which organisms would be at the top or last trophic level?

a)

plant

b)

herbivore

c)

omnivore

d)

carnivore

27.

The monkey would be a

a)

decomposer

b)

producer

c)

primary consumer

d)

secondary consumer

28.

Introduced species disrupt ecosystems because they are a/an

a)

Keystone Species

b)

Endemic Species

c)

Invasive Species

d)

Native Species

29.

Which is an example of where primary succession could occur?

a)

a glacier melts and exposes new rocks

b)

natural fire burns a prairie

c)

a corn field is abandoned and left to overgrow

d)

flood covers a piece of land

30.

Barnacles do not affect whales as they grow, but receive the benefit of a food source. This is

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

neutralism

31.

Mice might grow in population and destroy the community by eating all of the berry bushes if

a)

wolves and snakes were removed from the food web

b)

another predator migrated in to the community

c)

the snake population grew

d)

none of these

32.

These organisms are often not shown in a food chain, but are important for recycling nutrients

a)

producers

b)

decomposers

c)

primary consumers

d)

carnivores

33.

Which event would not cause secondary succession?

a)

forest fire

b)

flooding of a valley

c)

volcanic lava flow

d)

tornado

34.

A lion that eats a zebra that eats grass is a

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

quaternary consumer

35.

90% of the energy that gets lost as you move up a food pyramid or chain gets lost as

a)

pollution to the environment

b)

heat to the environment

c)

energy for decomposers

d)

gets recycled

36.

What percentage of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?

a)

5%

b)

10%

c)

50%

d)

90%

37.

The number of pythons found throughout Everglades National Park has increased in recent years. These huge snakes are not native to Florida and are believed to have been released into the wild by pet owners. Wildlife biologists have initiated attempts to capture and remove these pythons. Which statement best explains the biologists’ reason for removing these pythons from the Everglades?

a)

The pythons could upset the territorial boundaries of native organisms.


b)

The pythons could adapt to overcome diseases common to native snakes.

c)

The pythons could prey on native organisms and cause native populations to decline.

d)

The pythons could begin to interbreed with native snakes and produce a more successful species.

38.

Which of the following statements account for the change in population seen between years 7 and 8?

a)

The birth rate of the pigeons increased.

b)

The emigration rate of the pigeons decreased.

c)

The death rate of the pigeons exceeded the birth rate.

d)

The neighborhood reached its carrying capacity for the pigeon population

39.

A new species of snake was introduced to a tropical region. Scientists then noticed a steady decline in the presence of field mice and an increase in the number of snakes. Which of these is the most likely explanation about why the population size of each animal changed?

a)

The snakes introduced to the region dominated the habitat, forcing the mice to find another place to live.

b)

The mice became prey to the introduced snakes, allowing the snake population to increase but decreasing the mice population.

c)

The snakes introduced to the region competed with the mice for food, allowing the snake population to increase but decreasing the mice population.

d)

The people in the surrounding area set traps that killed the mice, allowing the snakes to live without any predators and therefore to increase in number.

40.

The highest concentration of life exists in the top 200 meters of ocean water. What is the most important factor that influences the concentration of life?

a)

amount of gases at the surface

b)

amount of nutrients in the water

c)

large number of predators at lower depths

d)

amount of sunlight

41.

Rabbits introduced into Australia over 100 years ago have become a serious pest to farmers. Rabbit populations increases so much that they displaced many native species of plant eaters. What is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?

a)

Rabbits have a high death rate.

b)

There are few effective predators.

c)

Additional rabbit species have been introduced.

d)

There is an increase in rabbit competitors.

42.

Scientists found, that over a period of 200 years, a mountain pond was transformed into a meadow. During that time, several communities of organisms were replaced by different communities. Which of these best explains why new communities were able to replace older communities?

a)

The original species became extinct.

b)

Species in the older community died from old age.

c)

The abiotic characteristics of the habitat changed.

d)

Diseases that killed the older organisms disappeared.

43.

Although phosphorus is of great biological importance, it is not very common in the biosphere. Why is this?

a)

Phosphorus doesn’t enter the atmosphere

b)

Phosphorus doesn’t cycle through food webs

c)

Phosphorus have been depleted by biological organism

d)

Phosphorus evaporates easily and is quickly destroyed by sunlight

44.

In the ocean nitrogen is often the limiting nutrient. What does this term mean?

a)

An unlimited amount of nitrogen is in the ecosystem

b)

Nitrogen is scarce or cycles very slowly through the ecosystem.

c)

The presence of nitrogen limits the availability of other nutrients

d)

Nitrogen is overabundant or cycles very quickly through the ecosystem

45.

Ecologists study different levels of organization within the biosphere. Identify which level corresponds to a group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area.

a)

A: Community

b)

B. Biome

c)

C. Ecosystem

d)

D. Population

46.

In addition to energy, organisms need matter to survive. Which of the following is true about matter in the biosphere?

a)

The total amount of matter decreases overtime

b)

The total amount of matter increases overtime

c)

Biogeochemical cycles transform and reuse molecules

d)

Matter flows through ecosystems in one direction

47.

Each step in a food chain is called a trophic level. What percentage of energy available at one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next level?

a)

about 2 percent

b)

about 10 percent

c)

about 25 percent

d)

about 50 percent

48.

What is true about the pyramid of numbers?

a)

A. There are more producers than first-level consumers

b)

B. First-level consumers make up the greatest number of individuals

c)

C. There are more third-level consumers than second-level consumers

d)

D. There are more second-level consumers than first-level consumers

49.
Which one is NOT an example of a decomposer?
a)
mushroom
b)
leaves
c)
mold
d)
worm
50.
Examples of a producer
a)
frog
b)
algae
c)
worm
d)
mouse
51.
Example of a decomposer
a)
fungus
b)
mouse
c)
plants
d)
frogs
52.
What is a producer?
a)
an organism that gets energy from eating other organisms
b)
an organisms that uses sunlight to make its own food
c)
an organism that gets energy from eating dead organisms, non-living material or waste
d)
an organism that uses chemical energy to make its own food
53.
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
54.
In the energy pyramid below, which organism has the least amount of energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivores
c)
Carnivores
d)
Top Predator
55.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
56.
If these organisms were arranged in a food pyramid, which organism would have the least amount of total energy available?
a)
coyote
b)
insect
c)
lizard
d)
shrub
57.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse
58.
The largest group of organisms found in a food web would be:
a)
Primary Consumers
b)
Producers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
59.
A food pyramid represent the relative amount of energy in trophic levels. Which of the following correctly shows a food pyramid?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
60.
A third-level consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
61.
A secondary consumer 
a)
eats primary consumers
b)
eats producers
c)
eats plants
62.
Level 1 is called the _____________ trophic level. 
a)
Tertiary consumer
b)
Tertiary producer
c)
Primary consumer
d)
Primary producer
63.

What amount of percentage does the energy decrease as it goes up the pyramid?

a)

100%

b)

1000%

c)

10%

d)

1%

64.

How does the energy flow in an energy pyramids?

a)

up the pyramid

b)

down the pyramid

65.
Which is the smallest level of an ecosystem?
a)
organsism
b)
population
c)
community
d)
ecosystem
66.
a system of food chains that shows the transfer of energy  is termed
a)
food web
b)
food chain
c)
prey
d)
predator
67.
Biodiversity is 
a)
the variety of species within an ecosystem
b)
a large number of the same species in an ecosystem
c)
an abundant amount of the same primary consumers 
d)
the ability to have an abundant source from the same species
68.

Photosynthesis is important because...

a)

it makes carbon dioxide

b)

it makes food for the food webs

c)

it makes water

d)

it's not important

69.
All living things get their energy from which of the following sources?
a)
food
b)
water
c)
sun
70.
Which of the following is another word for a plant?
a)
autotroph
b)
heterotroph
c)
consumer
71.
Which of the following is an organism that eats only meat?
a)
herbivore
b)
carnivore
c)
omnivore
72.
Which of the following terms describes an area where an organism lives?
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
area
73.
Which is represented by all of the bullfrogs living around a pond?
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
population
74.
What would most likely happen if the rabbit population was removed from the food chain grass —› rabbit —› fox?
a)
their would be more grass
b)
there would be less rabbits
c)
there would be more fox
75.
Which is an example of a parasitic relationship?
a)
a bee pollinates a flower
b)
a tapeworm takes nutrients from a dog
c)
an orchid lives in a tree but does not harm the tree
76.
In which type of relationship do both species benefit?
a)
parasitism
b)
mutualism
c)
commensalism
77.
Barnacles grow on whales.  Whales give the barnacles a place to live but the barnacles do not help or harm the whale.  Which type of relationship is this?
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitiesm
78.
An oxpecker bird eats ticks off of a zebra.  The bird gets food from eating the ticks and the zebra has harmful parasites removed.  Which type of symbiosis is this?
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitism
c)
commensalism
79.

What would be a good example of a primary consumer?

a)

carnivore

b)

detrivore

c)

decomposer

d)

herbivore

80.

The monkey would be a

a)

decomposer

b)

producer

c)

primary consumer

d)

secondary consumer

81.

A lion that eats a zebra that eats grass is a

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

quaternary consumer

82.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
83.
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment 
a)
niche
b)
community 
c)
ecology
d)
ecosystem
84.
Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem
a)
biotic factor
b)
abiotic factor
c)
food chain 
d)
biome
85.
A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.
a)
Population
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Ecosphere
86.
Individuals that can breed with one another make up a
a)
species
b)
population
c)
community
d)
ecosystem
87.
All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
population
d)
ecosystem
88.
An individual belonging to a specific species
a)
Biotic
b)
Community
c)
Organism
d)
Reptile
89.
An area where an organism finds food, shelter and water in a specific arrangement
a)
niche
b)
biosphere
c)
biome
d)
habitat
90.
The living part of an ecosystem
a)
Biotic
b)
Abiotic
c)
Mother Earth
d)
Flowers
91.
Two or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same area
a)
Community
b)
Population
c)
Organisms
d)
Biosphere
92.
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
a)
foodweb
b)
consumer
c)
food chain
d)
omnivore
93.

An organism's place in the biotic environment and its role in an ecosystem is

a)

Habitat

b)

Habit

c)

Niche

d)

Community

94.
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment 
a)
niche
b)
community 
c)
ecology
d)
ecosystem
95.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
96.
Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem
a)
biotic factor
b)
abiotic factor
c)
food chain 
d)
biome
97.
What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
sunlight
c)
water
d)
carbon
98.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
99.
A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.
a)
Population
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Ecosphere
100.
Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant gives of purified water to be evaporated.
a)
precipitation
b)
concentration
c)
transpiration
d)
evaporation
101.
Individuals that can breed with one another make up a
a)
species
b)
population
c)
community
d)
ecosystem
102.
The air we breathe is only ____% oxygen.
a)
10
b)
21
c)
78
d)
90
103.
Organisms that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Omnivore
d)
Carnivore
104.
Green plants are
a)
producers
b)
consumers
c)
herbivores
d)
omnivores
105.

What type of relationship is this?

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

competition

106.

symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit

a)

competition

b)

mutualism

c)

predation

d)

commensalism

107.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
108.
Organisms that breaks down and absorbs nutrients from dead organisms 
a)
consumer
b)
trophic level
c)
decomposer
d)
species
109.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
110.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
111.

What are plants that convert energy from the sun called?

a)

decomposer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

producer

112.
Which one is NOT an example of a decomposer?
a)
mushroom
b)
leaves
c)
mold
d)
worm
113.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
114.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
115.

What term do ecologists use to describe where an animal lives (an animal’s home)?

a)

Ecosystem

b)

Ecologist

c)

Habitat

d)

Population

116.

What is a species?

a)

Different animals that compete for the same resources

b)

A group of similar organisms that can reproduce with each other

c)

A group of organisms that live together

d)

A group of organisms that are physically and functionally very different from each other

117.

What is a niche?

a)

The habitat that an organism lives in

b)

An organism’s “role” in an ecosystem

c)

A type of consumer

d)

The relationship between a producer and consumer

118.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse
119.

Rabbits introduced into Australia over 100 years ago have become a serious pest to farmers. Rabbit populations increases so much that they displaced many native species of plant eaters. What is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?

a)

Rabbits have a high death rate.

b)

There are few effective predators.

c)

Additional rabbit species have been introduced.

d)

There is an increase in rabbit competitors.

120.
1. What makes a species invasive?
a)
Moving to a new ecosystem and taking resources from natives 
b)
Not having papers
c)
Species that can't adapt
d)
Plants that take up too much space
121.
If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?
a)
It will increase.
b)
It will decrease.
c)
It will stay the same.
d)
It will fluctuate.
122.
When organisms move out of the population, this is known as
a)
emigration
b)
abandonment
c)
immigration
d)
succession
123.

What type of growth model is shown in image B?

a)

Exponential

b)

Logistic

124.

What type of growth model is shown in image A?

a)

Exponential

b)

Logistic

125.
Any thing or organism that regulates the size of a population of another organism is known as __________.
a)
a limiting measure
b)
a limiting factor
c)
factorization
d)
materialization of precipitation
126.

This graph shows ....

a)

When one population increases, the other decreases.

b)

When one population decreases, the other increases.

c)

When one population increases, the other increases instantly.

d)

When one population increases, it causes the other to increases shortly after.

127.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

128.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

129.
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
a)
1.8 million
b)
1.25 million
c)
1.6 million
d)
1.o million
130.
When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
a)
Continues to grow
b)
The population starts to die off to return to carrying capcity
c)
The population will go extinct due to lack of resources
d)
The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
131.

Mice are living happily in a field at a carrying capacity. The owls that live near that field die of old age. Which graph below shows what would happen to the mice population?

a)
b)
c)
d)
132.

It's the number of organisms per unit area.

a)

community

b)

population capacity

c)

population density

d)

temporary population

133.

The members of the same species that share the same geographic location are called...

a)

population

b)

community

c)

organisms

d)

biosphere

134.

The pattern of spacing a population within an area.

a)

dispersion

b)

emigration

c)

migration

d)

immigration

135.

The maximum number of individuals moving into a population.

a)

limiting factor

b)

carrying capacity

c)

fluctuation

d)

dispersion

136.

Check on all the examples for density-dependent factors.

a)

competition

b)

lava flow

c)

number of predators

d)

fire

e)

spread of disease

137.

The penguins are spread out evenly. This is an example of

a)

uniform dispersion

b)

random dispersion

c)

clumped dispersion

d)

unknown

138.

These animals are scattered in this area in no particular order. This is an example of

a)

random dispersion

b)

uniform dispersion

c)

clumped dispersion

d)

unknown

139.

This graph shows Human population growth. This growth is called

a)

exponential

b)

logistic

c)

random

d)

crazy

140.

Look at the graph. All the following may have caused the fish to reach carrying capacity EXCEPT

a)

increased food supply

b)

limited food supply

c)

increase disease

d)

limited living space

141.
A human & a Tape Worm: The tape worm gets a place to live in the intestines of the human and food from the human. The human loses weight and nutrients from the tape worm.
a)
Mutualism
b)
Commensalism
c)
Parasitism
142.
Bird & Tree: A bird builds a nest in a hole in the trunk of the tree. It is protected from the rain and predators. The tree is not harmed or helped by the bird.
a)
Mutualism
b)
Commensalism
c)
Parasitism
143.
What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
144.
Tree kangaroos live in the upper branches of trees in the rainforests of Queensland, as well as on the island of New Guinea. This is an example of the tree kangaroos ___.
a)
niche
b)
habitat
c)
community
d)
population
145.
What is the name of an animal that is hunted and eaten by other animals?
a)
producer
b)
prey
c)
predator
d)
decomposer
146.
The concept that predators can affect the size and distribution of other animals is known as 
a)
predation
b)
herbivory
c)
tolerance
d)
limitation
147.

Groups of different populations that live in a given area and interact are called a(n)...

a)

Community

b)

Colony

c)

Population

d)

Ecosystem

148.
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological community?
a)
energy path
b)
food web
c)
trophic level
d)
food pyramid
149.
The energy at each trophic level in the pryamid of energy decreases by a factor of ____.
a)
10
b)
1
c)
100
d)
2
150.
diagram that shows the energy available to each trophic level in an ecosystem; 10% is passed on to upper levels, the rest is lost as heat
a)
succession 
b)
cellular respiration
c)
energy pyramid
d)
biochemical cycle
151.
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment 
a)
niche
b)
community 
c)
ecology
d)
ecosystem
152.

Food webs are models that show

a)

one sequence of producers and consumers.

b)

complex networks of feeding relationships.

c)

stored energy in food chains

d)

only primary consumers in an ecosystem

153.
Rabbits and deer eat lettuce leaves from a garden.
What ecological interaction describes the relationship between rabbits and deer?
a)
Mutualism
b)
Competition
c)
Commensalism
d)
Predation
154.

Which statement best describes the relationship between species A and B?

a)

Species A is the prey of Species B

b)

Species A is a parasite of Species B

c)

Species A is a consumer and B is a producer

d)

Species A and B has a mutualistic relationship

155.

An S-shaped curve is known as

a)

Exponential graph

b)

Logistic Graph

c)

Survivorship curves

d)

Graphs

156.

Type 3 graphs show

a)

Some death rates

b)

Death rates through out

c)

Death rates at older ages

d)

High death rates at a young age

157.

Type 1 curve represents what type of group

a)

Birds

b)

Humans

c)

Trees and plants

d)

Marine life

158.

Emigration is

a)

the movement out of an area

b)

the movement into an area

c)

movement in and out of an area

d)

migration

159.

During the week, why did we create quadrats and take pictures of the garden?

a)

to help check for biodiversity in the area

b)

it was a fun experiment

c)

to look for plant species

d)

to go outside

160.

What are survivorship curves?

a)

curves that describe the number of survivors over time

b)

curves that tell us what the limiting factors are

c)

curve that tells us about the carrying capacity

d)

a curve

161.

Why don't populations grow indefinitely?

a)

limiting factors

b)

only biotic factors

c)

only abiotic factors

d)

none of the above

162.

What is an example of a density-independent (Abiotic) limiting factor?

a)

food

b)

parasites

c)

disease

d)

pollution

163.

What is the arrow pointing at?

a)

carrying capacity

b)

biotic potential

c)

density-independent

d)

density dependent

164.

parasites, disease, predators, are examples of what type of limiting factors?

a)

density dependent

b)

density independent

c)

survivorship

d)

type 1 curve

165.

Type 2 curve shows us

a)

deaths at the end

b)

the graph going down

c)

constant death at all stages

d)

death at the beginning

166.

What is the carrying capacity mean?

a)

The number of individuals an area can carry

b)

the number of births

c)

The number of deaths an area has

d)

not sure

167.

(Im)migration is ...

a)

the movement into an area

b)

The movement out of an area

c)

The migration process

d)

exponential graph

168.

The exponential graph is a graph that shows us population size increasing quickly, which one below shows us that

a)
b)
c)
d)
169.

The graphs below represent competition between two different species. The solid line is the native species and the dotted line is an introduced species. Which graph best represents the native species out-competing the introduced species?

a)
b)
c)
d)
170.

The graphs below represent competition between two different species. The solid line is the native species and the dotted line is an introduced species. Which graph best represents the introduced species out-competing the native species?

a)
b)
c)
d)
171.

Which of the following best describes a reason for a decrease in predator populations?

a)

an increase in prey populations

b)

an increase in vegetation to eat

c)

a decrease in prey populations

d)

excessive rainfall in a given month

172.
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
a)
1.8 million
b)
1.25 million
c)
1.6 million
d)
1.o million
173.
What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
174.

Since lynx prey on hares, an increase in the hare population causes an increase in the lynx population.


What type of interaction is the lynx and the hare?

a)

Biotic: Competition

b)

Abiotic: Competition

c)

Biotic: Predator-Prey

d)

Abiotic: Predator-Prey

175.

What is the difference between the biotic and abiotic factors?

a)

Biotic factors are living things and abiotic factors are nonliving things.

b)

Biotic factors are nonliving things and abiotic factors are living things.

176.

What does letter A in the graph represent?

a)

population is increasing

b)

population is decreasing

c)

population size is stable

d)

population is extinct

177.

The graph to the right shows the interaction of the wolf and moose populations on Isle Pekie. If the moose population continues to increase, the wolves' food supply will increase. What will most likely happen to the wolf population as a result?

a)

It will decrease.

b)

It will increase.

c)

It will remain the same.

178.

Which of the following best describes a reason for an increase in predator populations?

a)

an increase in prey populations

b)

an increase in vegetation to eat

c)

a decrease in prey populations

d)

excessive rainfall in a given month

179.

What is happening to the population size of this organism during letter A?

a)

population is increasing

b)

population is decreasing

c)

population has reached carrying capacity

d)

population is extinct

180.

The graph to the right shows the interaction of the wolf and moose populations on Isle Pekie. If the moose population continues to increase, the wolves' food supply will increase. What type of relationship is represented by this graph?

a)

parasitism

b)

predator-prey

c)

commensalism

d)

mutualism

181.

What is a possible reason that would make the animal's population do this?

a)

They had no prey

b)

They had more water

c)

They had no predators

d)

They had too much space and needed to leave

182.

What has happened to the birth rate compared to the death rate of this population?

a)

the death rate is greater than the birth rate

b)

the death rate and birth rate are equal

c)

the birth rate is greater than the death rate

d)

the birth rate is increasing

183.

What is happening to the birth rate vs death rate for the population at letter A?

a)

birth rate is more than the death rate

b)

death rate is greater than the birth rate

c)

the birth rate and death rate are equivalent

d)

population is extinct

184.

What is the term that refers to all the populations in a given area?

a)

Population

b)

Community

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Biosphere

185.

Bird & Tree: A bird builds a nest in a hole in the trunk of the tree. It is protected from the rain and predators. The tree is not harmed or helped by the bird.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

186.

A human & a Tape Worm: The tape worm gets a place to live in the intestines of the human and food from the human. The human loses weight and nutrients from the tape worm.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

187.
What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
188.

Tree kangaroos live in the upper branches of trees in the rainforests of Queensland, as well as on the island of New Guinea. This is an example of the tree kangaroos ___.

a)

niche

b)

habitat

c)

community

d)

population

189.

Study of interactions between organisms and their environment

a)

niche

b)

community

c)

ecology

d)

ecosystem

190.
Rabbits and deer eat lettuce leaves from a garden.
What ecological interaction describes the relationship between rabbits and deer?
a)
Mutualism
b)
Competition
c)
Commensalism
d)
Predation
191.

Which statement best describes the relationship between species A and B?

a)

Species A is the prey of Species B

b)

Species A is a parasite of Species B

c)

Species A is a consumer and B is a producer

d)

Species A and B has a mutualistic relationship

192.

Primary succession is...

a)

When a hurricane causes a river to flood its banks

b)

When a farmer ploughs his fields to remove all existing plant life.

c)

When fire burns through a forest and ills all vegetation less than 1m tall.

d)

When increasing temperature causes a glacier to recede from an area of rocky ground

193.

The secondary succession is

a)

lichens and mosses arrive on bare rock and begin to trap soil

b)

a complex, stable ecosystem is formed

c)

plants grow in an area devastated by a flood

d)

plants grow in a newly formed pond

194.

A keystone species is...

a)

the top carnivore.

b)

has the largest population.

c)

has the most specialized niche.

d)

determines numbers and types of other species.

195.

Starfish are probably the most important predator in the shallow ecosystem because they eat basically anything that they can come across. Their feeding activities control the whole ecosystem. This is an example of the starfish ___.

a)

habitat

b)

biotic factors

c)

tolerance level

d)

niche

196.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
197.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
ecological succession
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
198.
What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
volunteer species
c)
founder species
d)
conqueror species
199.

___ states that two species cannot exist together if they compete for the same resources. One will either die out or migrate, or they will adapt to separate resources.

a)

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

b)

Limiting Nutrient Principle

c)

Competitive Exclusion Principle

d)

Tolerance Principle

200.

What level of ecological organization would include all squirrels that live in the same area?

a)

biome

b)

community

c)

ecosystem

d)

population

201.

Several species of warblers can live in the same spruce tree ONLY because they

a)

have different habitats within the tree.

b)

don’t eat food from the tree.

c)

occupy different niches within the tree.

d)

can find different temperatures within the tree.

202.

Many poisonous animals are brightly colored (red or orange) as a warning to predators. The special coloration is called

a)

Mullerian mimicry

b)

Batesian mimicry

c)

aposematic coloration

d)

mutualistic coloration

203.

Which of the following represents several species of poisonous snakes bearing bright colors of red, black, and yellow?

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

Batesian mimicry

d)

Mullerian mimicry

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