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Unit 6 Review

Total questions: 122

Worksheet time: 2hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The process of biological change in a population over time is called...

a)

Evolution

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Creationism

d)

Intelligent Design

2.

Which type of evolution affects many populations?

a)

Microevolution

b)

Macroevolution

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Genetic Drift

3.

What is taxonomy?

a)

Classifying organisms based on their age

b)

Classifying organisms based on their anatomy

c)

Classifying organisms based on their size

d)

Classifying organisms based on their diet

4.

Natural Selection states that...

a)

Genetic mutation is random

b)

Organisms will change to adapt to their environment

c)

The best adapted organisms will live longer and reproduce more than others

d)

Organisms are naturally selected by God to reproduce

5.

Survival of the Fittest states that...

a)

Only the strongest organisms will survive

b)

Only the fastest organisms will survive

c)

Only the largest organisms will survive

d)

Only the best adapted organisms will survive

6.

Overproduction of offspring creates...

a)

Competition

b)

Gene Flow

c)

Migration

d)

Genetic Drift

7.

Which of the following is NOT a source of genetic variation?

a)

Random Mutation

b)

Crossing-Over during Meiosis

c)

Migration

d)

Genetic Drift

8.

The combined alleles of all individuals in a population are called its...

a)

DNA

b)

Gene Pool

c)

Genome

d)

Genetic Code

9.

According to the principle of Descent with Modification, what happens to harmful traits, in a population, over time?

a)

They become less common

b)

They become more common

c)

They increase allele frequency

d)

They decrease genetic drift

10.

Mutations...

a)

Are always a bad thing

b)

Cannot change a large population

c)

Only occur in microevolution

d)

Increase genetic variation within a population

11.

Genetic Drift causes...

a)

Increased genetic variation

b)

Loss of genetic variation

c)

Population growth

d)

Population decline

12.

Gene Flow...

a)

Increases genetic variation

b)

Decreases genetic variation

c)

Increases population size

d)

Decreases population size

13.

Which of the following will NOT cause genetic equilibrium?

a)

Population is small

b)

Random mating

c)

No migration

d)

No mutation

14.

Who's theory of evolution is most accepted today?

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

James Hutton

c)

Thomas Malthus

d)

Charles Lyell

15.

An inherited trait that allows an organism to better survive in its environment.

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

population

d)

mutation

16.

According to natural selection, light colored tree trunks would favor

a)

light colored moths

b)

dark colored moths

c)

red colored moths

d)

red and light colored moths

17.

Some emus run fast (between 30-35 mph) and others run slower (between 20-25 mph). Dingos are the main predators of emus and at their absolute fastest can reach speeds of 30 mph. What modifications will the descendants (offspring) have over time?

a)

They will run faster

b)

They will run slower

c)

They will have less babies

d)

They will have more babies

18.

In a population there are red bugs and green bugs. The birds prefer the taste of the red bugs. The green bugs end up surviving longer and reproducing more. Over time the red bugs go extinct. What adaptation did some bugs have that increased their chances of survival?

a)

They were less visible

b)

They were more visible

c)

They tasted better

d)

They tasted worse

19.

Bob believes that giraffes have long necks because they stretched their necks to try and reach food high in trees. Since the parent stretched its neck, it passed the long neck to its offspring.


Ryan believes that giraffes have long necks because the ones with long necks were able to reach the food and those with short necks starved and died. The long neck giraffes were able to reproduce and soon all the giraffes had long necks.


Who's idea is closest to Darwin's theory of Natural Selection. Explain why.

4 lines
20.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
21.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
22.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
23.
How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?
a)
Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
b)
Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
c)
Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
d)
Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time
24.
The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.

Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram
a)
The organisms share a common ancestry.
b)
The organisms belong to the same genus.
c)
The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
d)
The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.
25.
Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?
a)
The function of these bones is the same in all animals
b)
They live in similar environments
c)
They have a common ancestor
d)
All organisms resemble humans
26.

Vestigial structures

a)

structures that perform a similar function but are not similar in origin

b)

remnants of once-important structures that have slowly lost all or most of their function

c)

features found in different organisms that share structural similarities but may have very different functions

d)

preserved remains of an organism

27.
Which layer is the youngest
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
28.
The changes of species over time
a)
Embryonic 
b)
Natural selection 
c)
Mimicry 
d)
Evolution 
29.

The picture shows a/an ___________

a)

homologous structure

b)

vestigial structure

30.

What is this an example of?

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial organs

d)

Functional adaption

31.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
32.
How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?
a)
Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
b)
Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
c)
Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
d)
Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time
33.
The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.

Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram
a)
The organisms share a common ancestry.
b)
The organisms belong to the same genus.
c)
The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
d)
The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.
34.

What best describes the hind leg bones seen in the whale?

a)

The bones are analogous structures to the fins of living fish.

b)

The bones are vestigial structures that had a function in an ancestor.

c)

The bones are homologous structures to the wings of butterflies.

d)

The bones are fossil structures from an extinct ancestor.

35.
Which layer is the youngest
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
36.
If two organisms have similar traits of DNA they are probably
a)
share a common ancestor
b)
share a common environment
c)
share a common population
d)
speciation
37.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to: 
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
38.
Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 
a)
Hippopotamus 
b)
Baleen Whale
c)
Grazing Mammals
d)
Camels
39.
The similarities of organisms in which two areas numbered in the picture provide the best evidence for common ancestry?
a)
1 and 2
b)
3 and 4
c)
5 and 6
d)
7 and 8
40.

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. These are known as

a)

vestigial structures

b)

analogous structures

c)

anatomical structures

d)

embryology

41.

What conclusions can be made based on this table shown?

a)

the American black bear and the giant panda are most closely related

b)

the giant panda and the red panda are most closely related

c)

the red panda and the racoon are the most closely related

d)

the giant panda and the racoon are most closely related

42.
The picture shows the members of the Camelidae family. The physical features and the geographical origin of these animals provide evidence that - 
a)
they live in the same type of environment.
b)
have slowly evolved to become herbivores.
c)
have a common ancestor.
d)
exchanged DNA in the past.
43.
Structures that are similar to function. 
a)
Homologous 
b)
Analogous 
c)
Vestigial 
d)
DNA
44.
Studying the similarities in organisms development 
a)
DNA
b)
Embryonic 
c)
Vestigial 
d)
Homologous 
45.
The changes of species over time
a)
Embryonic 
b)
Natural selection 
c)
Mimicry 
d)
Evolution 
46.
Which layer is the youngest
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
47.
Which layer is the oldest
a)
B
b)
A
c)
E
d)
C
48.
The opossum and kangaroo both incubate their young in a pouch. This provides evidence that they---
a)
are descended from a common ancestor
b)
Have very similar skeletal structures
c)
belong to the same species
d)
must range great distances to eat
49.
The similarities of the bones in the diagram provide evidence that---
a)
The organisms shown lived in the same natural envionrment
b)
The organisms shown may have developed from a common ancestor
c)
The organisms shown have the same genetic diseases
d)
All vertebrate species have identical forelimbs
50.
In stage one (top row) of these embryos, most of the embryos________
a)
look very similar.
b)
have very different features.
c)
show different stages of development.
d)
have only a tail if they are non-human.
51.

Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands and came up with the theory of natural selection?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Gregor Mendel

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Rudolf Virchow

52.
In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?
a)
Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce
b)
Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs
c)
We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.
d)
There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.
53.
Why do peppered moths tend to be the same color as the trees on which they live?
a)
The coloring goes along with tasting like the tree. 
b)
It keeps the moth the same temperature as the tree. 
c)
It makes the moths faster than the birds
d)
It makes the moths harder to see.
54.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
55.
Which organisms are most likely to survive?
a)
the best adapted
b)
the fastest
c)
the strongest
d)
the most domesticated (tamed)
56.
Yellow toucan birds seek out one another to make babies together and tend to avoid the green toucan birds.
a)
Genetic Drift
b)
Non-random mating
c)
Gene flow
d)
Mutation
57.

Mutations are important because they bring about

a)

death of the organism in which they develop

b)

genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

c)

benefits for the individual, not for the population

d)

Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

58.

The adaptations of wasps, flying fish, flying birds, and bats that allow them to fly are examples of:

a)

punctuated evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

divergent evolution

d)

gradual evolution

59.

A bumble bee has just enough mass to pull down and open up the snapdragon flower to get to the nectar inside. Other insects cannot do this. This adaptation is an example of:

a)

convergent evolution

b)

co-evolution

c)

divergent evolution

d)

speciation

60.

The rapid speciation of one ancestral species into many descendant species is called

a)

Adaptive radiation

b)

Punctuated equilibrium

c)

Coevolution

d)

Divergent evolution

61.

Which best describes punctuated equilibrium?

a)

Speciation occurs due to natural selection

b)

Speciation occurs due to isolation

c)

Speciation occurs slowly in geologic time, followed by long periods with very fast evolutionary change.

d)

Speciation occurs suddenly and rapidly in geologic time, followed by long periods with little evolutionary change.

62.

The large-scale events of speciation that happen over hundreds or thousands of generations are called...

a)

macroevolution

b)

simplification

c)

adaptation

d)

microevolution

63.
In convergent evolution, organisms share physical similarities because they 
a)
have a common ancestor
b)
live in the same enviornment
c)
develop homologous structures
d)
are closely related 
64.
The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as
a)
speciation
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
gradualism
d)
microevolution
65.
What type of evolution where there is a sudden, rapid change then no change for a long time?
a)
Co-Evolution
b)
Punctuated Equilibrium
c)
Divergent Evolution
d)
Convergent Evolution
66.

Evolution occurring gradually and slowly over long periods of time

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Stasis

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

67.

When two species evolve because of how they influence eath other, which usually results in a symbiotic relationship, this is called:

a)

extinction

b)

coevolution

c)

symbiosis

d)

mutualism

68.

Select the best definition for Macroevolution.

a)
A type of microevolution that occurs within a single species
b)
The study of fossils and ancient life forms
c)
Large-scale evolutionary changes over long periods of time
d)
The process of natural selection within a population
69.

Select all types of evolutionary patterns.

a)

Extinction

b)
Punctuated equilibrium
c)

Convergent and Divergent Evolution

d)

Gradualism

e)

Coevolution

70.

Select the best description of the term Extinction.

a)
The complete disappearance of a species or group of organisms from the Earth.
b)
The migration of a species to a new habitat
c)
The process of creating new species through evolution
d)
The increase in population of a species
71.

Why do species go extinct?

a)
Species go extinct due to alien abductions
b)
Species go extinct due to bad luck
c)
Species go extinct due to habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, overhunting, and competition with invasive species.
d)
Species go extinct due to excessive dancing
72.

Select the best definition for Divergent Evolution.

a)
The process by which species remain identical over time
b)
The process by which a single species evolves into two or more distinct species
c)
The process by which two or more related species become more dissimilar over time
d)
The process by which two unrelated species become more similar over time
73.

Darwin's finches are an example of:

a)

Coevolution

b)

Extinction

c)

Divergent Evolution

d)

Convergent Evolution

74.

Select the best definition for Convergent Evolution.

a)
The process by which different species evolve similar traits or characteristics independently in response to similar environmental challenges.
b)
The process by which species evolve traits that are completely unrelated to each other.
c)
The process by which species evolve traits in response to different environmental challenges.
d)
The process by which species evolve identical traits due to shared ancestry.
75.

Select the best definition for Coevolution.

a)
The process where species evolve independently of each other.
b)
The process where species evolve in response to abiotic factors.
c)
The process where two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution.
d)
The process where one species evolves while the other remains unchanged.
76.

Which of the following is an example of Coevolution?

a)
Fish and water
b)
Birds and rocks
c)
Flowers and pollinators
d)
Trees and sunlight
77.

Select the best definition of gradualism as it relates to evolution.

a)
Evolution happens suddenly and drastically over short periods of time.
b)
Evolution occurs slowly and gradually over long periods of time, with small changes accumulating over generations.
c)
Gradualism refers to the belief that evolution is a random and chaotic process.
d)
Gradualism suggests that evolution occurs in bursts of rapid change followed by long periods of stasis.
78.

Select the best definition for Punctuated Equilibrium.

a)
A theory in evolutionary biology suggesting species evolve in short bursts of rapid change separated by long periods of stability.
b)
A concept in chemistry describing the behavior of noble gases
c)
A hypothesis in geology proposing that earthquakes occur in predictable patterns
d)
A theory in physics stating that all particles have an equal and opposite reaction
79.

Ostriches are native to the Savannahs of Africa, while penguins live in the polar regions. Although penguins and ostriches are closed related, they look very different. This is an example of:

a)

Divergent Evolution

b)

Convergent Evolution

c)

Coevolution

d)

Punctuated Equillibrum

80.

Ostriches (birds) and giraffes (mammals) are both native to the Savannahs of Africa. They share the same characteristic of a very long neck. This is an example of:

a)

Divergent Evolution

b)

Convergent Evolution

c)

Coevolution

d)

Punctuated Equillibrum

81.

Horse evolution shows long stable periods of little evolution interrupted by brief periods of rapid change. This is an example of:

a)

Divergent Evolution

b)

Convergent Evolution

c)

Coevolution

d)

Punctuated Equilibrium

82.

In the ocean surrounding Antarctica, there are fish that survive the cold water by using a molecule made of glycoproteins that circulates the blood and keeps it from freezing.  Certain kinds of worms that live in the Arctic ocean also make antifreeze proteins that help them live in icy water.

a)

convergent evolution

b)

divergent evolution

c)

coevolution

83.

Ants are the correct size and weight needed to open the flowers for the peony plant.  The peony plant provides food for the ant and the ant fertilizes the peony’s flowers

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

coevolution

84.

The kit fox lives in the desert and has large ears with greater surface area that keep the fox from getting overheated.  The red fox lives in the forest and has a red coat that keeps it camouflaged.

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

coevolution

85.

Ostriches (birds) and giraffes (mammals) are both native to the savannahs of Africa.  They eat food that is high off the ground and share the same characteristic of an elongated neck.

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

coevolution

86.

The Galapagos finches evolved through natural selection from a common mainland ancestor into a wide variety of different looking species.

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

coevolution

87.

A form of evolution where two species having a close ecological relationship evolve together such that one species adapts to changes in the other, thereby affecting each other's evolution.

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

coevolution

88.

The extinct pterosaurs (reptile) of the Jurassic period and the modern albatross (bird) both evolved wings as well as a distinct long beak, but are not derived from a common ancestor.

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

c)

coevolution

89.
What type of evolution where there is a sudden, rapid change then no change for a long time?
a)
Co-Evolution
b)
Punctuated Equilibrium
c)
Divergent Evolution
d)
Convergent Evolution
90.

Evolution occurring gradually and slowly over long periods of time

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Stasis

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

91.

Evolution occurring quickly due to catastrophic events

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Gradualism

c)

Statsis

d)

Punctuated Equilibrim

92.

According to evolutionary theory, all living things have a common

a)

Purpose

b)

Function

c)

Ancestor

d)

Phone Number

93.
the type of evolution that Darwin believed in
a)
natural selection
b)
gradualism
c)
punctuated equilbrium
d)
commensalism
94.

Gradualism occurs when geologic and climatic conditions are _______________.

a)

stable

b)

unstable

c)

long

d)

short

95.

Which form of evolution can occur quickly?

a)

gradualism

b)

punctuated equilibrium

c)

allopatric speciation

d)

sympatric speciation

96.

Phylogeny is...

a)

The study of classification of different species

b)

The study of the evolutionary history of a species

c)

The study of prehistoric life

d)

The study of the distribution of different species

97.

Phylogenetic trees show...

a)

Evolutionary relationships between different species

b)

How one species has evolved through time

c)

Which species has evolved the most

d)

Which species have evolved from other species

98.

Based on the data given in the table, which two are most closely related?

a)

Human & Gorilla

b)

Gorilla & Orangutan

c)

Human & Chimpanzee

d)

Chimpanzee & Orangutan

99.

Based on the figure, which organism is most closely related to the polar bear?

a)

black bear

b)

european brown bear

c)

western north american brown bear

d)

asian brown bear

100.

Forming of a new species by evolution from pre-existing species.

a)

Speciation

b)

Extinction

c)

Gradualism

d)

Punctuated equilibrium

101.

Elimination of a species.

a)

Extinction

b)

Gradualism

c)

Coevolution

d)

Adaptive radiation

102.

A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of isolation is this?

a)

Behavioral isolation

b)

Temporal isolation

c)

Geographic isolation

103.

What is phylongeny?

a)

the study of all phyla in the classification system

b)

the evolutionary history of a species or taxonomic group

c)

the study of plants

d)

the study of animals

104.

According to the diagram, what is the common ancestor of ALL organisms on the phylogenetic tree?

a)

B

b)

C

c)

D

d)

E

105.

Using the diagram, is organism 4 MORE closely related to organism 3 or 5?

a)

3

b)

5

106.

Which group on the cladogram arose FIRST?

a)

Theropods

b)

Allosaurus

c)

Robin

d)

Velociraptor

107.

Do theropods have light bones?

a)

yes

b)

no

108.

Does Allosaurus have light bones?

a)

yes

b)

no

109.

What is the common ancestor of Letters C and E?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

110.

Who is most closely related to Taxidea taxus?

a)

Lutra lutra

b)

Panthera pardus

c)

Canis latrans

d)

Canis lupus

111.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
112.

Which organism is the most distantly related to all the others?

a)

Raccoon

b)

Dog

c)

Giant Panda

d)

Sun Bear

113.

Which of these animals does not have/produce an amniotic egg?

a)

Turtle

b)

Leopard

c)

Lamprey

d)

All three of these animals produce the amniotic egg

114.

Which group of animals on this tree are most closely related to birds?

a)

Saurischian dinosaurs

b)

Ornithischian dinosaurs

c)

Crocodiles

d)

None of these are related to birds

115.

If a plant has vascular tissue but no seeds, which of the four plant groups here would it fall into?

a)

Ferns

b)

Cone-bearing plants

c)

Mosses

d)

Flowering plants

116.

Phylogeny is usually represented by a tree diagram called a _________ - _____

a)

Genetic Line

b)

Phylogenetic Tree

c)

Photographic Queue

d)

Future Babies

117.

In a phylogenetic tree, the branching points represent common ancestors.

a)

True

b)

False

118.

________________ is the evolutionary history of a group of related organisms.

a)

Phylogeny

b)

Cladistics

c)

Ecology

d)

Physiolgy

119.

How many animals on this cladogram have lungs?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

5

d)

7

120.

On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the parrot?

a)

Frog

b)

Hare

c)

Caiman

d)

Parrot

121.

This domain contains organisms that have a true nucleus in each of their cells. This domain breaks down into four kingdoms.

a)

Protista

b)

Archaea

c)

Bacteria

d)

Eukarya

122.
Where is the T.rex and frog's common ancestor?
a)
Point A
b)
Point B
c)
Point C
d)
Point D

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