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Biology unit 1-5 study

Total questions: 122

Worksheet time: 4hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

4. Which biomolecules transport oxygen and other substances and also form part of most organelles?

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

2.

5. Which biomolecules provide quick energy for the cell and also provide materials to build the cell membrane/wall?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

3.

10. Your friend is feeling irritable, lightheaded and dizzy. They are also feeling a bit of confusion and brain fog. Which biomolecule would you recommend your friend consume?

a)

Protein

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Nucleic Acid

d)

Lipid

4.

2. Which biomolecules contains your genetic information?

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

5.

9. Amino Acids are the monomers of __________.

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

6.

6. The monomer of carbohydrates is known as _______.

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Fatty Acid

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Saccharide

7.

Just under an orca's skin lies a thick layer of blubber. Blubber helps insulate a whale from heat loss. Based on this information, which biomolecule is blubber primarily made of?

a)

Lipids

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

8.

7. Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers of _________.

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

9.

3. Which biomolecules act as energy storage for the cell and also cushions and insulates organs?

a)

Carbohyrdates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

10.

8. The monomer of Nucleic Acids is known as _________.

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Fatty Acid

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Saccharide

11.

11. People with albinism do not produce the melanin protein. Melanin allows for people to be protected from the sun and thus people with albinism are prone to severe sunburns. Which biomolecule would you infer is responsible for albinism?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acid

12.

1. The four most common elements found in biomolecules are __________.

a)

Sulfur, Phosphorus, Carbon, Oxygen

b)

Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen

c)

Sulfur, Nitrogen, Carbon, Iron

d)

Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Sulfur

13.
How would you describe cellular respiration?
a)
Sunlight and CO2 make ATP
b)
ATP and O2 are used to make sugars
c)
Carbon-based molecules from food and oxygen are used to make ATP
d)
ATP and CO2 are used to make ADP and Water
14.

The primary purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ___.

a)

ATP

b)

sugar

c)

glucose

d)

heat

15.

What are the two reactants needed for cellular respiration to happen in a cell?

a)

glucose & oxygen

b)

water & carbon dioxide

c)

oxygen & carbon dioxide

d)

glucose & water

16.

Both ___ are leftover as waste products after cellular respiration.

a)

water & carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen & glucose

c)

carbon dioxide & oxygen

d)

water & oxygen

17.

What is the equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

a)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> --> --> 6CO2 + 6H2O
b)
C6H12O6 + 6CO2 --> --> --> 6O2 + 6H2O
c)
6 CO2 + 6H2O --> --> --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
18.

Does cellular respiration store or release energy?

a)

Store

b)

Release

19.

Which organelle does aerobic cellular respiration happen in?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Chlorophyll

d)

Chloroplast

20.

In what molecule is the energy carried in cells?

a)

Glucose

b)

Oxygen

c)

ATP

d)

Carbon Dioxide

21.
Which organisms perform CELLULAR RESPIRATION?
a)
Only Autotrophs
b)
Only Heterotrophs
c)
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
22.

In cellular respriration, high-energy electrons that move down the electron transport chain ultimately provide the energy needed to

a)

transport water molecules across the membrane.

b)

convert ADP molecules into ATP molecules.

c)

convert carbon dioxide into water molecules.

d)

break down glucose into pyruvic acid molecules.

23.

Aerobic cellular respiration uses 1 molecule of glucose to produce approximately

a)

2 ATP molecules

b)

4 ATP molecules

c)

32-34 ATP molecules

d)

36-38 ATP molecules

24.
This is referred to as the energy currency of the cell
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
25.
Aerobic respiration is different from anaerobic respiration in that aerobic respiration needs...
a)
chlorophyll
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
26.
The energy in ATP is stored 
a)
in the bond between the second and third phosphate
b)
in the bond between the first and second phosphate
c)
in the bond between the adenosine and the first phosphate
d)
I like turtles
27.

What happens to the carbon atoms in glucose during cellular respiration?

a)

They are exhaled as CO2CO_2  

b)

They disappear

c)

They are broken down and dissolve

d)

They stay in the mitochondria forever

28.

Cellular respiration ___ energy.

a)

releases

b)

stores

c)

creates

d)

destroys

29.

Which of the following is the word equation for cellular respiration?

a)

glucose + oxygen ---> ATP + carbon dioxide + water

b)

carbon dioxide + water ---> ATP + glucose + oxygen

c)

glucose + water ---> ATP + carbon dioxide + oxygen

d)

glucose + carbon dioxide ---> ATP + oxygen + water

30.

In the human body, our ___ system moves our blood - which contains both glucose and oxygen - to every cell.

a)

circulatory

b)

digestive

c)

respiratory

d)

nervous

31.

What do enzymes do?

a)

Build things up or break them down

b)

Help filter waste from the body

c)

Create environments where food can be eaten

d)

Add and remove water

32.

Which category of macromolecules do enzymes belong to?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Fats/Lipids

33.

Enzymes are specific. This means that an enzyme only works with molecules that are....

a)

the right size and shape

b)

broken down already

c)

present in water

d)

too big for the body to handle

34.

In the diagram, what is letter A?

a)

product

b)

enzyme-substrate complex

c)

substrate

d)

active site

35.

Letter D...

a)

enzyme

b)

active site

c)

substrate

d)

products

36.

Letter B...

a)

substrate

b)

active site

c)

enzyme

d)

products

37.

Letter C...

a)

products

b)

substrate

c)

enzymes

d)

active site

38.

Letter E...

a)

active site

b)

products

c)

substrate

d)

enzyme

39.

An enzyme speeds up a reaction by

a)

raising the activation energy

b)

lowering the activation energy

c)

releasing energy

d)

absorbing energy.

40.

What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?

a)

Activation energy is lowered

b)

It becomes stronger

c)

It loses its shape

d)

Activation energy is raised

41.

Genes contain instructions for assembling

a)

operons

b)

chromatin

c)

protein

d)

mutagens

42.

Which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

RNA Polymerase

43.

The genetic code in DNA is in the sequence of

a)

nitrogen bases

b)

hydrogen bonds

c)

sugars

d)

phosphate groups

44.

One mRNA molecule carries the message of only one gene.

a)

This statement is True.

b)

This statement is False - change the underlined word to tRNA to make it true.

c)

This statement is False - change the underlined word to rRNA to make it true.

d)

This statement is False - change the underlined word to DNA to make it true.

45.

The amino acids are carried by the rRNA.

a)

This statement is True.

b)

This statement is False - change the underlined word to mRNA.

c)

This statement is False - change the underlined word to tRNA.

d)

This statement is False - change the underlined word to DNA.

46.

What is produced during transcription?

a)

mRNA molecules

b)

DNA molecules

c)

RNA Polymerase

d)

proteins

47.

What happens during translation?

a)

Messenger RNA is made from a DNA code.

b)

The cell uses a messenger RNA code to make proteins.

c)

Transfer RNA is made from a messenger RNA code.

d)

Copies of DNA molecules are made.

48.

The Figure shows the % of bases in a DNA sample. How much Thymine should you expect to find in the sample?

a)

44%

b)

28%

c)

24%

d)

22%

49.

During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a complementary strand with the bases

a)

GAUCCA

b)

AGCTTG

c)

GATCCA

d)

TCGAAC

50.

What is the shape of DNA?

a)

double helix

b)

triple helix

c)

complementary helix

d)

nitrogenous helix

51.

Which scientist made x-ray diffraction photos of DNA?

a)

Franklin

b)

Wilkins

c)

Watson

d)

Crick

52.

Who was credited for discovering the structure of DNA?

a)

Franklin and Wilkins

b)

Hershey and Chase

c)

Franklin and Griffith

d)

Watson and Crick

53.

A, B, and C are the three types of

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Protein

d)

Enzymes

54.

What does the figure show?

a)

anticodons

b)

exons

c)

introns

d)

the genetic code

55.

When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?

a)

S Phase

b)

M Phase

c)

G1 Phase

d)

G2 Phase

56.

What is the central dogma of molecule biology?

a)

DNA to tRNA to mRNA

b)

RNA to DNA to Protein

c)

DNA to RNA to Protein

d)

mRNA to tRNA to rRNA

57.

In eukaryotes, DNA

a)

is circular.

b)

is located in the ribosomes.

c)

floats freely in the cytoplasm.

d)

is located in the nucleus.

58.

Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?

a)

vacuole

b)

ribosome

c)

mitochondria

d)

chloroplast

59.

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

a)

build tissues such as bone and muscle

b)

store and transmit heredity

c)

control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes

d)

help to fight disease

60.

Which of the following does NOT belong to the cell theory?

a)

all living organisms have the same type of cell

b)

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells

c)

All cells come pre-existing cells

d)

Cells are the basic unit of life

61.

All bacteria cells are...

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Eukaryotic Cells

62.

In a eukaryotic cell, where is the DNA located?

a)

In the cell membrane

b)

There is no DNA

c)

In the nucleus

d)

In the cell wall

63.

In a prokaryotic cell, where is the DNA located?

a)

In the cell wall

b)

In the nucleus

c)

In the cell membrane

d)

It has no specific location

64.

What type of cells do animals have?

a)

prokaryotic cells

b)

bacteria cells

c)

eukaryotic cells

d)

none of the above

65.

Check the boxes that tell the cell theory.

a)

all organisms are composed of one or more cells

b)

all cells are the basic unit of life

c)

All cells are plant cells

d)

All cells come from pre-existing cells

66.

What do you see?

a)

a prokaryotic cell

b)

the bottom of the ocean

c)

a white blood cell

d)

an eukaryotic cell

67.

What do you see?

a)

a white blood cell

b)

an eukaryotic cell

c)

DNA

d)

a prokaryotic cell

68.

True or False:

Only eukaryotic cells have DNA.

a)

True

b)

False

69.
Which of the following is found inside a prokaryote?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
DNA
c)
ribosomes
d)
all of these
70.

Which cells contain Ribosomes?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

Both

71.

Which cells have cytoplasm?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

Both

72.
Which of the following would be found in both eukaryotic AND prokaryotic cells?
a)
chloroplast
b)
cytoplasm
c)
nucleus
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
73.
The maintenance of an organism’s internal environment is called:
a)
compensating
b)
homeostasis
c)
balancing
d)
routine
74.
If the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to:
a)
keep body temperature the same as the external temperature
b)
decrease body temperature
c)
increase body temperature
d)
regulate blood pressure
75.
Homeostasis
a)
allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
b)
is impossible in vertebrates
c)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
d)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
76.

Why is the sensation of thirst important to maintaining homeostasis?

a)

Water removed by the kidneys must be replaced

b)

Oxygen cannot diffuse into cells if a person is dehydrated

c)

Water molecules are needed to carry carbon dioxide waste to the kidneys

77.

Why does pulse rate increase during exercise?

a)

Oxygen and carbon dioxide must be removed from the body ASAP

b)

Gas exchange must happen more quickly than when a person is at rest

c)

Oxygen must be moved to the lungs and carbon dioxide must be moved to cells more quickly

d)

Carbon dioxide must be moved to the kidneys to be excreted

78.

The group of organisms that use the process of homeostasis includes

a)

mammals, only

b)

animals, only

c)

plants and animals

d)

all living things

79.
The tendency of an organism to maintain a balanced state in order to stay healthy.
a)
Stimuli
b)
Response
c)
Tropism
d)
Homestasis
80.

If a person's blood cells shrivel (shrink) their blood is likely

a)

isotonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

hypertonic

81.

Which of the following is most likely to cause a person's blood cells to burst?

a)

eating many salty foods

b)

eating many greasy foods

c)

drinking small amounts of water

d)

drinking very large amounts of water

82.

Which of the following is NOT an example of homeostasis?

a)

A human producing gametes

b)

A plant bending toward sunlight

c)

A bird drinking water when thirsty

d)

A dog stealing chicken off the kitchen counter when hungry

83.

The largest number of individuals that an environment can support long term is...

a)

carrying capacity

b)

emigration

c)

immigration

d)

population density

84.

What happens if a population grows past its carrying capacity?

a)

The population keeps growing

b)

The population starts to die off

c)

The entire species will go extinct

d)

The carrying capacity just increases

85.

This may cause a population to increase

a)

increase of food supply

b)

removal of predators

c)

removal of disease

d)

all of these

86.

Something that regulates the size of a population is called...

a)

a limiting measure

b)

a limiting factor

c)

carrying capacity

d)

biodiversity

87.

What are factors that affect carrying capacity?

a)

Biotic only

b)

Biotic and abiotic

c)

Depends on the ecosystem

d)

Abiotic only

88.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

89.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

around 500

b)

more than 800

c)

less than 300

d)

around 700

90.
Which of the following would INCREASE the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?
a)
increase in predators
b)
disease
c)
increase in available food
d)
drought
91.
If a disease destroying barley plants in a field swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the barley eating bird population in the the field ?
a)
The bird population would stay the same
b)
The bird population would infinitely increase
c)
The bird population would decrease
92.

A scientist was studying a population of fish in a pond over a period of 10 years. He observed that the population increased each year for 3 years, and then remained nearly constant for the rest of the study. The best explanation for this observation is that the population had

a)

stopped reproducing

b)

reached carrying capacity

c)

mutated into a different species

d)

run out of food and all died

93.

Many fish die due to a drastic change in water temperature.

a)

Density-Dependent

b)

Density-Independent

94.

An extensive drought in the plains threatens wildebeest, giraffe, zebra, and springbok populations.

a)

Density-Dependent

b)

Density-Independent

95.

Which of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor?

a)

human activities

b)

unusual weather

c)

competition

d)

natural disaster

96.
Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?
a)
natural disaster
b)
predation
c)
disease
d)
parasitism
97.

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a density dependent limiting factor?

a)

fire

b)

disease

c)

lack of food

d)

space

98.

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a density independent factor?

a)

predation

b)

tornado

c)

hurricane

d)

fire

99.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

100.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

101.

What would human alterations of the environment be considered? Ex. Cutting down the rain forests

a)

Density-independent

b)

Density-dependent

102.

Since snakes prey on frogs, an increase in the frog population causes an increase in the snake population.

a)

Density-dependent

b)

Density-independent

103.

A severe frost wipes out the citrus crop in Florida

a)

Density-dependent

b)

Density-independent

104.

The eruption of Mt. St. Helens destroys most of the wildlife in the immediate area.

a)

Density-dependent

b)

Density-independent

105.

Due to the stress of crowded conditions, large numbers of female mice miscarry their babies and fail to reproduce.

a)

Density-dependent

b)

Density-independent

106.

Travelers who venture into a crowded African village become infected with a disease caused by parasites.

a)

Density-dependent

b)

Density-independent

107.

Due to severe overcrowding in an Asian village, many children to not survive to reach adulthood.

a)

Density-dependent

b)

Density-independent

108.

Which is a form of energy?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Fermentation

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Heat

109.

The primary source of energy for life on Earth is __

a)

ATP Energy

b)

Kinetic Energy

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sunlight

110.

Energy in food is measured in ____

a)

Calories per gram

b)

Grams per Calorie

c)

Celsius

d)

Temperature

111.

Which forms of life use ATP Energy to preform cellular respiration?

(Select all that apply)

a)

Plants

b)

Fungi

c)

Bacteria

d)

Animals

112.

True or False. All forms of life use ATP Energy for cellular functions.

a)

True

b)

False

113.

Plants (Select all that apply)

a)

Perform photosynthesis

b)

Perform cellular respiration

c)

Lactic Acid Fermentation

d)

Ethanol Fermentation

114.

Chlorophyll

a)

Is a pigment

b)

is an orgenelle

c)

is a phase of mitosis

d)

is a form of energy

115.

Which wave lengths of visible light does chlorophyll absorb in photosynthesis.

(Select all that apply)

a)

green

b)

red

c)

violet

d)

blue

116.

What tissue regulates gas exchange

a)

Stomata

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Phloem

d)

Xylem

117.

Types of fermentation are ___

(Select all that apply)

a)

Bacteria

b)

Yeast

c)

Lactic Acid Fermentation

d)

Ethanol Fermentation

118.

Mitosis consists of all of the following, except ___

a)

Prophase

b)

Middle Phase

c)

Telophase

d)

Anaphase

119.

True of False. Mitosis occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

a)

True

b)

False

120.

If cancer has spread from a tumor into adjoining tissue it is said to be ___

a)

Benign

b)

Metastasized

c)

Malignant

d)

Mitosis

121.

Yeast ____

(Mark all that apply)

a)

Is an autotroph

b)

Is a hetrotroph

c)

Performs fermentation

d)

Performs cellular respiration

e)

Performs photosynthesis

122.

Three reasons somatic cells divide are ____. ______ & ______

a)

Growth and development

b)

Repair

c)

Reduce their surface area to volume ratio

d)

Reproduce

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