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Make up Assignment

Total questions: 127

Worksheet time: 6hrs 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

a)

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

b)

Because they come from dominant alleles.

c)

Because they come from recessive alleles.

d)

Because the organism knew it needed that trait, survives, and passes it on.

2.

Mutations are a change in what?

a)

DNA

b)

tRNA

c)

protein

d)

rRNA

3.
Why is the mouse population changing over time?
a)
The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
b)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
c)
The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
d)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
4.

"Organisms that are better adapted to the environment survive to pass traits to their offspring" is the definition of

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Evolution

c)

Selective Breeding

d)

Artificial Selection

5.

Which best describes the role of mutations in natural selection?

a)

Mutations help an organism to better survive in their environment

b)

An organism may acquire a helpful mutation by interacting with the environment

c)

A mutation may result in a beneficial trait that makes an organism more likely to survive and reproduce

d)

Organisms with certain traits are more likely to win competitions for mutations

6.

The more genetic variation a population has,

the more likely it is for some individuals to

a)

evolve

b)

migrate

c)

survive

d)

mutate

7.

Mutations are important because they bring about

a)

death of the organism in which they develop

b)

genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

c)

benefits for the individual, not for the population

d)

changes in genotype, but not phenotype

8.
Why do frogs and other organism reproduce so many eggs or offspring?
a)
so that their babies can have friends to play with
b)
the more offspring the more likely the offspring will survive
c)
the more offspring the less likely offspring will survive 
d)
the more offspring the less competition
9.
Which organisms are most likely to survive?
a)
the best adapted
b)
the fastest
c)
the strongest
d)
the most domesticated (tamed)
10.

A harmless scarlet king snake and a venomous eastern coral snake have similar band patterns, as shown below. For the scarlet king snake, the adaptation of having a banding pattern like the eastern coral snake's is known as mimicry.

The outcome of this adaptation in the scarlet king snake is to —

a)

make it easier for the scarlet king snake to attract prey

b)

make it easier for the scarlet king snake to interbreed with the other snake

c)

allow the scarlet king snake to blend in with its environment

d)

protect the scarlet king snake from predators

11.

The diagram shows two frogs from the same species. A mutation created a new allele that results in spots on the back as seen in frog 2. Which of the factors below will have the greatest effect on whether or not the frequency of this gene increases in the population?

a)

it is a more elaborate coloration

b)

it increases the rate of survival

c)

it increases the pigment in certain cells

d)

it does not attract more females

12.

Scientists estimate that there are more than 20,000 species of ants. The species range in size from 1 mm long to 38 mm long and live in most environments. The diets of ants range from flowers and seeds to fluids from their own larvae. Ants have been able to successfully inhabit so many different environments because their populations have been able to —

a)

hybridize with other species of insects

b)

adapt to a variety of habitats and food sources

c)

fill niches usually occupied by mammals

d)

occupy habitats that have no other life-forms

13.

Plants have developed many methods of seed dispersal. The table below shows seeds of two different plants.

How has the seed dispersal method developed by these plants given them a reproductive advantage?

a)

The method ensures that offspring will be dispersed and reduces competition for resources.

b)

The method reduces the chance that herbivores will consume the seeds.

c)

The method lengthens the life cycle of each of these plants.

d)

The method reduces the plants' need for water and other nutrients.

14.

Why can ecosystems only support a limited number of organisms?

a)

limited resources

b)

human activity

c)

changing climate

d)

too much diversity

15.

The maximum size of a population that an ecosystem can support is called _________________________________.

a)

overflow amount

b)

holding pattern

c)

full support

d)

carrying capacity

16.

Why is there less competition when a population is small?

a)

animals are nicer

b)

animals have enough resources

c)

animals are too far apart

d)

animals establish dominance

17.

When does competition for resources increase?

a)

when populations die off

b)

as populations get smaller

c)

as populations get larger

d)

when populations stay the same

18.

Which organisms survive when a population reaches carrying capacity?

a)

organisms better adapted to find resources

b)

larger organisms

c)

smaller organisms

d)

organisms better at hiding

19.

When the best adapted organisms in a population survive to reproduce, it is called ________________________________.

a)

strength training

b)

natural selection

c)

camouflage

d)

outliving

20.

What populations survive better when the ecosystem changes?

a)

larger populations

b)

smarter populations

c)

stronger populations

d)

diverse populations

21.

Different genes allow for different ____________________.

a)

traits

b)

pants

c)

moods

d)

prey

22.

What happens to an organism's genes when it reproduces?

a)

loses it's genes

b)

gains more genes

c)

passes the genes to offspring

d)

takes genes from offspring

23.

What does natural selection change?

a)

organisms

b)

populations

c)

communities

d)

ecosystems

24.

When competition increases as populations grow, organisms with the best ___________________________ are more likely to survive and reproduce.

a)

popularity

b)

adaptations

c)

strength

d)

brains

25.

When do healthy populations exceed the carrying capacity?

a)

never

b)

always

c)

rarely

d)

regularly

26.

An example of a structural/physical adaptation is...

a)

a turtle hiding inside its shell

b)

The spikes on a porcupine fish

c)

a rabbit burrowing underground

d)

a viper biting when threatened

27.

Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation?

a)

fins

b)

hibernation

c)

sharp teeth

d)

camouflage

28.

Tigers are excellent predators. To survive, they hunt and eat other animals in their environment. All of the following characteristics of a tiger help it to be an effective predator except–

a)

sharp teeth and claws

b)

a thick coat of fur

c)

powerful jaws and limbs

d)

good eye sight and hearing

29.

A snowshoe hare has many structural adaptations that help it survive in its environment.


Which adaptation of the snowshoe hare provides warmth andcamouflage in its cold and snowy environment?

a)

Long, flexible ears

b)

Large, brown eyes

c)

Thick, white fur

d)

Wide, strong feet

30.

Which adaptation is a way an organism acts?

a)

Structural Adaptation

b)

Physiological Adaptation

c)

Behavioral Adaptation

d)

None of the above

31.

Which adaptation is represented by a bird having a sharp beak?

a)

Structural Adaptation

b)

Physiological Adaptation

c)

Behavioral Adaptation

d)

None of the above

32.

This tundra animal has which adaptations?

a)

blubber layer

b)

large paws

c)

white fur

d)

all of these

33.
 A giraffe has a long neck.  Why would the giraffe need this adaptation?
a)
to keep warm
b)
to reach food high above the ground
c)
to have room to eat more
d)
to catch birds
34.
Birds migrate during the winter to less cold areas. What type of adaptation is this?
a)
Behavioral 
b)
Physiological 
35.
Define Adaptation.
a)
How an organism has NOT changed and continues to live in an environment 
b)
All animals can live in any environment 
c)
How an organism grows over time
d)
Special features or behaviors that allow an animal to survive in an environment.
36.
Humans have been a very successful species on earth.  They have very large, very diverse populations spread all around the world. As a result,
a)
Human have very limited ability to adapt to changes in the environment.
b)
Young humans have lower survival rates as compared to other species.
c)
Humans have a potential to adapt to various environmental changes.
d)
All humans are more disease resistant.
37.

The Iris controls the size and shape of the pupil. Which eye most likely belongs to an animal that is active most of the day on the WHITE DESERT SAND?

a)
b)
c)
d)
38.

The Indian leaf butterfly has traits the allow it to resemble a leaf. The bright colors of the monarch butterfly indicate that the butterfly tastes bad and can be poisonous.

How does the appearance of these butterflies help them survive?

a)

The Indian leaf butterfly is able to avoid predators while the monarch butterfly warns predators away.

b)

The Indian leaf butterfly frightens predators away while the monarch butterfly poisons predators before they can eat it.

c)

Both butterflies rely on camouflage to avoid predation.

d)

Both butterflies cooperate with one another to avoid predation.

39.
A large ecosystem is called a ______
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Habitat
c)
Biome
d)
Niche
40.
What is the main factor that separates the biomes?
a)
Land
b)
Water
c)
Climate
d)
Longitude
41.
Which biome is the driest?
a)
Desert
b)
Tundra
c)
Taiga
d)
Rainforest
42.
Which Biome has permafrost?
a)
Temperate Forest
b)
Rainforest
c)
Taiga
d)
Tundra
43.
Which biome has deciduous trees (which lose their leaves)?
a)
Temperate Forest
b)
Rainforest
c)
Grasslands
d)
Taiga
44.
Which biome has coniferous trees (which don't lose their leaves)?
a)
Taiga
b)
Temperate Forest
c)
Tundra
d)
Grasslands
45.
Which biome has wide-open fields of grass?
a)
Taiga
b)
Grasslands
c)
Temperate Forest
d)
Rainforest
46.
Which biome has the most variety of plants and animals?
a)
Temperate Forest
b)
Rainforest
c)
Tundra
d)
Grasslands
47.
Which biome has 4 seasons?
a)
Taiga
b)
Tundra
c)
Grasslands
d)
Temperate Forest
48.
In which 2 biomes can only plants/animals with adaptations survive?
a)
Taiga/Temperate Forest
b)
Grasslands/Desert
c)
Tundra/Desert
d)
Rainforest/Tundra
49.
Which biome is home to lions, zebras, wildebeests, giraffes, and elephants?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Tundra
c)
Rainforest
d)
Temperate Forest
50.
Which biome is home to cacti, scorpions, coyotes, kangaroo rats, and lizards?
a)
Desert
b)
Grasslands
c)
Temperate Forest
d)
Taiga
51.
Which biome produces over 50% of the world's oxygen?
a)
Rainforest
b)
Temperate Forest
c)
Grasslands
d)
Taiga
52.
Which biome is home to jaguars, anacondas, leopards, gorillas, and poisonous tree frogs?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Temperate Forest
c)
Rainforest
d)
Tundra
53.
Which biome could an animal who hibernates in the winter to survive the cold live in?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Taiga
c)
Desert
d)
Rainforest
54.
In which biome does an organism have to be able to conserve water to survive?
a)
Rainforest
b)
Taiga
c)
Desert
d)
Temperate Forest
55.

The genotype tt is considered to be....

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

56.

The genotype GG is considered to be....

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

57.

The genotype Gg is considered to be....

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

58.

If red color is dominant in flowers, what would a homozygous dominant flower's genotype look like?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

59.

If red color is dominant in flowers, what would a heterozygous flower's genotype look like?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

60.

If white color is recessive in flowers, what would a homozygous recessive flower's genotype look like?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

61.

A flower's red color an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

62.

A dog's soft fur an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

63.

Tt an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

64.

TT an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

65.

tt an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

66.

Dominant alleles are represented using CAPITAL letters.

a)

true

b)

false

67.

Which of the following are examples of phenotypes for people? (choose all correct answers)

a)

brown eyes

b)

freckles

c)

BB

d)

Ff

e)

hitchhicker's thumb

68.
How much of your DNA do you inherit from your mom?
a)
10%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
it varies
69.
This trait will always be expressed if present because it will mask the expression of others
a)
stem cells
b)
heterozygous
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
70.
The genotype of:  bb   will have the PHENOTYPE of...
a)
black fur
b)
white fur
c)
course hair
d)
fine hair
71.
The genotype of:  Heterozygous Course Hair  will have the alleles of...
a)
Hh
b)
HH
c)
hh
72.
If a trait is recessive, it needs to be inherited from ___ parents to be 'expressed'.
a)
one
b)
both
73.

Trait of an organism that can be HIDDEN by the dominant form of a trait.

a)

Recessive Trait

b)

Phenotype

c)

Allele

74.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
75.

Plant and animal cells are examples of

a)

prokaryotic cells

b)

eukaryotic cells

76.

Which of the following is only found in EUKARYOTIC cells?

a)

nucleus

b)

DNA

c)

cell membrane

d)

ribosomes

77.

PROKARYOTIC cells do NOT have

a)

membrane bound organelles

b)

cell membrane

c)

DNA

d)

ribosomes

78.

Which cell type tends to be smaller?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

c)

there is not a size difference

79.
The introduction of a non-native species into an ecosystem can result in serious ecological problems.  This is often because the non-native species –
a)
adapt to changes quickly
b)
mutations
c)
lacks natural predators 
d)
provides additional genetic diversity
80.
What factor would cause animals of the same species to begin competing with one another?
a)
increase in precipitation         
b)
the presence of decomposers
c)
the introduction of a new food source
d)
limited supply of resources
81.
In an ecosystem, members of the lizards are observed eating members of the insect population.  In this same ecosystem, birds are also observed using insects as a food source.  The relationship between lizards and birds would best be described as –
a)
predator
b)
 competitive
c)
parasitic
d)
mutualistic
82.

How would the removal of earthworms from the food chain affect the other organisms?

a)

The number of bass will increase.

b)

The number of crayfish will decrease.

c)

The crayfish will get their energy directly from the sun.

d)

The number of bass and ospreys (bird) will increase.

83.

Suppose that a new predator of the rabbit migrated to this ecosystem. What is the most likely initial effect on the other organisms?

a)

More competition among the mice for food

b)

More competition among the hawks for food

c)

Less competition among snakes for food

d)

Less grass available for food

84.
How many primary consumers are in this food web?  
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
85.
Who are the primary producers in this food web?  
a)
The lizard and the Hawk
b)
The Grasshopper and the Mouse
c)
The rabbit and the Hawk
d)
The lizard and the snake
86.

True or False: Decreasing a population in an ecosystem will affect other populations in the ecosystem.

a)

True

b)

False

87.

What happens when you remove a species from the beginning of a food web?

a)

Every other population is affected

b)

Only populations directly connected to the removed species are affected

c)

Nothing - everything stays the same

88.

Runoff of fertilizers and animal wastes lead to

a)

Overgrazing

b)

Overpopulating

c)

Algal bloom

d)

Greenhouse gasses

89.

Rising temperatures of ocean waters

a)

disrupt marine ecosystems

b)

Increases competition

c)

Decrease temperatures

d)

Decrease light

90.

A terrestrial food web is shown. Which of the following lists only organisms that are secondary consumers in this food web?

a)

Mice, rabbits, herbivorous insects, squirrels

b)

Predaceous insects, toads, spiders, foxes

c)

Spiders, foxes, owl, hawks, snakes

d)

Insectivorous birds, seed eating birds, owls, hawks

91.

The diagram below represents the nitrogen cycle in a student’s aquarium. Ammonia, nitrites, and, to a lesser degree, nitrates can be harmful to fish. The student wants to keep the nitrogen in this aquarium cycling normally without having to continually change the water. Which of the following should the student add more of to help remove nitrates and improve the natural cycling of nitrogen in this aquarium?

a)

Fish

b)

Plants

c)

Nitrobacter

d)

Water

92.
How are burning of fossil fuels and volcanic eruptions similar with respect to their effects on the carbon cycle?
a)
Both remove carbon from the atmosphere.
b)
Both add carbon to the atmosphere.
c)
Both add carbon to the lithosphere.
d)
Both remove carbon from the lithosphere.
93.
Organisms that play a role in the nitrogen cycle
a)
only plants
b)
only animals
c)
only bacteria
d)
plants, animals, & bacteria
94.
A consequence of human disrupting the carbon cycle is
a)
Eutrophication
b)
Algal Bloom
c)
Global Climate Change
d)
Acid Rain
95.
Which process is taking place at step #1 in the carbon cycle?
a)
respiration
b)
photosynthesis
c)
burning fossil fuels
d)
decomposition
96.
How is nitrogen moving at step #4 of this cycle
a)
Animals get nitrogen from eating plants
b)
Animals die and bacteria adds nitrogen back to the soil
c)
Animal waste (add) adds nitrogen to the soil
d)
Bacteria release nitrogen back to the atmosphere
97.
Bears eat a variety of foods including fish, berries, other types of vegetation.  Bears would best be classified as – 
a)
producers
b)
herbivores
c)
carnivores
d)
omnivores
98.
In this food pyramid, which level has the greatest amount of energy?
a)
Producers
b)
Primary Consumers
c)
Secondary Consumers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
99.
How much energy is passed from one trophic level to the next?
a)
1%
b)
10%
c)
50%
d)
100%
100.
In this food chain, the bacteria is most likely acting as a -
a)
predator
b)
competitor
c)
decomposer
d)
producer
101.
The process of using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen is called _________?
a)
chlorophyll
b)
evaporation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
transportation
102.
What do the arrows represent in this diagram?
a)
who is being eaten
b)
the flow of energy
c)
the decomposition of organisms
d)
what things can change into
103.

The crab Lybia tessellata carries a pair of sea anemones on its claws. The crab uses the sea anemone’s stinging tentacles as protection and the sea anemone obtains small food particles released by the crab as it feeds. Which type of symbiotic relationship does this best illustrate?

a)

Commensalism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

104.

Which of these best describes the relationship between epiphytes and trees?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Migration

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

105.

Beechdrops (Epifagus virginiana) are leafless plants that lack chlorophyll. Beechdrops get their nourishment from the roots of beech trees, which reduces the amount of nutrients available to the trees themselves. This interaction is best described as —

a)

predatory

b)

Parasitic

c)

Commenalsistic

d)

Mutualistic

106.
What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?
a)
to find a common ancestor
b)
to show the evolution of organisms
c)
to show relationships between organisms
d)
to identify organisms
107.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
108.
What step do we always start with when using dichotomous keys?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
109.

Which leaf is shown in the drawing?

a)

Magnolia

b)

Redbud

c)

Sweetgum

d)

None of the above

110.

Which of these is an example of mutualism?

a)

a dragonfly eating beetles

b)

algae and fungi providing food and shelter for each other

c)

a wasp laying its eggs inside a caterpillar

d)

a woodpecker drilling for insects in the bark of a tree

111.

Which relationship is represented when a hyena eats a rodent that it has caught?

a)

parasitism

b)

commensalism

c)

mutualism

d)

predation

112.
An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?
a)
Class Insecta
b)
Order Amblygygi
c)
Order Araneae
d)
Order Scorpiones
113.
Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG?
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
114.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains uracil
115.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of adenine present is always equal to the amount of _________.
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
116.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
117.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
118.
X outlines a(n) ___________.
a)
amino acid
b)
nitrogen base 
c)
nucleotide
d)
nitrogen base pair
119.

Match the following

a)

Adenine

1.

Thymine

b)

Thymine

2.

Adenine

c)

Cytosine

3.

Guanine

d)

Guanine

4.

Cytosine

120.

What is the correct complimentary strand for the following DNA?

ATCGAG

a)

TACGAG

b)

TAGCTG

c)

ATCGAG

d)

TAGCTC

121.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
122.
Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?
a)
The number of adenines and cytosines determines the type of RNA that will be produced.
b)
The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized.
c)
The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes.
d)
The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain.
123.

Students created note cards comparing characteristics of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Which set of note cards most accurately compares these cells?

a)

b)

c)

d)

124.

A student groups different types of cells as shown.


Which table headings should the student use for the two groups?

a)

b)

c)

d)

125.

Students use a microscope to look for structures present in four different cells. The students placed an X for each structure that was viewed for each cell on the table shown. Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote?

a)

F. Cell W

b)

G. Cell X

c)

H. Cell Y

d)

J. Cell Z

126.

The picture shows a student using a microscope to study a prepared slide of a single-celled organism.

A single-celled organism can be classified as a prokaryote based on the absence of —

a)

a cell membrane

b)

ribosomes

c)

chromosomes

d)

a nucleus

127.

Which best describes what a food chain shows you?

a)

Energy flow through an ecosystem

b)

Food flowing through an ecosystem

c)

Consumers going into other consumers

d)

Who eats who

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