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HBS 2.2-4 Semester Review

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Endocrine glands

a)

are ductless glands and secrets directly into the bloodstream

b)

regulates chemical communication in the body

c)

are glands that are ducted to the external environment

d)

are chemical signals that interact with target cells

2.

Exocrine glands

a)

are ductless glands and secrets directly into the bloodstream

b)

regulates chemical communication in the body

c)

are glands that are ducted to the external environment

d)

are chemical signals that interact with target cells

3.

Hormones

a)

are ductless glands and secrets directly into the bloodstream

b)

regulates chemical communication in the body

c)

are glands that are ducted to the external environment

d)

are chemical signals that interact with target cells

4.

Which hormone is produced by the pancreas to promote the INCREASE of blood sugar by breaking down glycogen in the liver?

a)

glucose

b)

glucagon

c)

insulin

d)

glycogen

5.

Hormones are capable of creating very specific responses in the body even though they will travel throughout the bloodstream and contact millions of cells without triggering any response. Which of the following explains how this is possible?

a)

a response is generated only during growth spurts

b)

hormones will only be able to create a response with cells that have a specific receptor

c)

a response is created through the body but is only noticeable under certain conditions

d)

all are correct

6.

What is Homeostasis ?

a)

is the maintenance of a constant internal environment

b)

is the maintenance of a constant external environment

c)

is the maintenance of a constant living environment

7.

A cell of the body that has a specific receptor for a specific hormone

a)

Target Cell

b)

Marker Cell

c)

Transport Cell

d)

Hormone

8.

What is letter A?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

Thyroid

c)

Thymus

d)

Pituitary

9.

What is letter C?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

Thyroid

c)

Thymus

d)

Pituitary

10.

Which structure is responsible for communicating between the brain and endocrine system?

a)

hypothalamus

b)

pituitary

c)

thymus

d)

thyroid

e)

Adrenal glands

11.

Which structure plays a major role in the immune system (T cells)?

a)

pancreas

b)

ovaries

c)

thymus

d)

testes

e)

Adrenal glands

12.

Which structure produces estrogen and progesterone?

a)

pancreas

b)

ovaries

c)

thymus

d)

testes

e)

Adrenal glands

13.

Which structure has target cells for glucagon?

a)

pancreas

b)

ovaries

c)

thymus

d)

liver

e)

Adrenal glands

14.

Breaking food down with the use of enzymes is known as:

a)

Chemical Digestion

b)

Physical Digestion

15.

The organ that removes metabolic wastes including urea, excess water, and salts from the blood.

a)

lung

b)

liver

c)

kidney

d)

colon

16.

If you have diabetes, the gland that helps maintain your sugar levels in equilibrium is your

a)

gut

b)

pancreas

c)

liver

17.

This disease occurs when the Thryroid gland does not produce enough Thyroxine to meet the body's needs.

a)

Gigantism

b)

Hypoglycemia

c)

Hypothyroidism

d)

Diabetes

18.

What carries food from the pharynx to the stomach?

a)

larynx

b)

trachea

c)

esophagus

d)

bronchioles

19.

Which organ releases digestive enzymes into the small intestine?

a)

pancreas

b)

small intestine

c)

esophagus

d)

salivary glands

20.

Which of the following answers correctly sequences the pathway food takes from the beginning to end?

a)

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

b)

mouth, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

c)

mouth, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine

d)

mouth, stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine

21.

Which organ makes bile?

a)

liver

b)

gallbladder

c)

pancreas

22.

Which is the nutrient that bile facilitates its digestion?

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Protein and lipids

23.

What enzyme produced in the mouth is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates?

a)

Salivary lipase

b)

Salivary peptidase

c)

Salivary amylase

d)

Salivary lactase

24.

Pepsin breaks down

a)

carbohydrates

b)

proteins

c)

fats

d)

nucleic acids

25.

What type of digestion takes place in the stomach?

a)

mechanical

b)

chemical

c)

both mechanical and chemical

26.

Digests starch.

a)

sucrase

b)

amylase

c)

protease

d)

lactase

27.
Identify the circled valve
a)
Tricuspid
b)
Mitral
c)
Pulmonary
d)
Aortic
28.
______ carry blood to the heart.
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
d)
Vena Cava
29.
Name this part.
a)
Right ventricle
b)
Pulmonary artery
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right atrium
30.
Un-oxygenated blood enters the right atrium from the bottom of the heart.
a)
inferior vena cava
b)
superior vena cava
c)
pulmonary veins
31.
When blood enters the right atrium, where is it coming from?
a)
The body
b)
Left ventricle
c)
Right Atrium
d)
Lungs
32.

A restriction enzyme

a)

cuts DNA in a defined pattern, such as every 5th BP

b)

Can Cut DNA randomly

c)

recognizes a specific sequence and cuts DNA

d)

all of the above

33.

Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments on the basis of which property?

a)

size

b)

color

c)

functions

d)

chromosomes

34.

Which suspect should be charged with the crime?

a)

Suspect 1

b)

Suspect 2

c)

Suspect 3

d)

None of these suspects

35.

Which parts of the diagram is the small and large intestine?

a)

A~ small intestine

E~ large intestine

b)

D~ small intestine

E~ large intestine

c)

C~ large intestine

B~ small intestine

d)

A~ large intestine

C~ small intestine

e)

E~ small intestine

D~ large intestine

36.
Place in order from outside to inside:
A.) Dermis;
B.) Epidermis;
C.) Subcutaneous tissue
a)
A B C
b)
B A C
c)
B C A 
d)
A C B 
37.
Which layer contains accessory structures such as sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles?
a)
epidermis
b)
dermis
c)
hypodermis
d)
hyperdermis
38.

What are the oval-shaped structures that store lymphocytes and filter out pathogens?

a)

Lymph

b)

Lymph Vessels

c)

Lymph Nodes

d)

Lymph Glands

39.

Indicates how much pressure the blood is exerting against the artery walls when the ventricles are contracting:

a)

systolic pressure

b)

arterial pulse

c)

diastolic pressure

40.

Device used to take blood pressure:

a)

defibrillator

b)

stethoscope

c)

sphygmomameter

d)

thermometer

41.

What is the normal range for the resting pulse rate of an adult?

a)

60–100 beats/min

b)

60–80 beats/min

c)

70–90 beats/min

d)

80–100 beats/min

42.

P Wave

a)

SA Nodes contracts

Both atria contracts

b)

Impulses reach the av node 0.10 delay allows

c)

Repolarization or recovery of the ventricles

d)

Impulses hit av bundle branch off into two bundles down front of heart into purkinje fibers

43.
The t-wave correlates with which event?
a)
atrium contraction /signals moving from SA node to AV node
b)
ventricle contraction
c)
ventricle repolarization
d)
both atrial and ventricle contraction
44.
What is tube that is also known as your wind pipe?
a)
esophogus
b)
bronchi
c)
trachea
d)
alveoli
45.
The air sacs that are covered with capillaries where gas exchange takes place
a)
bronchi
b)
lungs
c)
oxygen
d)
alveoli
46.

Used for measuring a patient’s oxygen level (SpO2) in the blood and pulse rate?

a)

Stethoscope

b)

BP cuff

c)

Pulse oximeter

d)

All of the above

47.

A chronic condition in which breathing becomes difficult due to blocked or narrowed airways.

a)

Diabetes

b)

Influenza

c)

Asthma

d)

Polio

48.
The layer of skin that contains special structures like glands and nerves is the...
a)
Hypodermis
b)
Dermis
c)
Epidermis
49.

Which pathogen is treated with antibiotics?

a)

virus

b)

bacteria

c)

parasite

d)

fungi

50.

B cells, T cells, and antibodies are examples of

a)

innate immunity.

b)

acquired immunity.

51.
The outer layer of skin is called the...
a)
Hypodermis
b)
Dermis
c)
Epidermis
52.

Organisms that cause infectious disease are called

a)

pathogens.

b)

hosts.

c)

antibodies.

d)

nosocomial.

53.

________ produce antibodies.

a)

T-cells

b)

B-cells

c)

Phagocytes

d)

Antigens

54.

What can make arteries narrower and restrict blood flow?

a)

Obesity

b)

Atherosclerosis

c)

Cirrhosis

d)

Diabetes

55.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

a)

Regulate ion concentrations

b)

Red blood cell production

c)

Regulate pH

d)

Absorption of fatty acids

56.

Which of the following kidney structures if composed of capillaries & urine collecting tubules?

a)

Renal corpuscle

b)

Renal cortex

c)

Renal medulla

d)

Renal pelvis

57.

Nephrons are located in the...

a)

Renal pelvis

b)

Renal columns

c)

Renal medulla

d)

Renal cortex

58.

Blood flows out of the kidneys to the inferior vena cava via the...

a)

Renal artery

b)

Renal vein

c)

Renal plexus

d)

Renal pelvis

59.

The renal corpuscle contains all of the following except...

a)

Glomerulus

b)

Bowman's capsule

c)

Loop of Henle

d)

Glomerulus capsule

60.

The tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body is called the...

a)

Ureter

b)

Urethra

c)

Renal pelvis

d)

Renal tubule

61.

Transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder is the job of the:

a)

kidneys

b)

ureters

c)

urethra

62.

#4

a)

Renal pelvis

b)

Major calyx

c)

Renal medulla

d)

Renal pyramids

63.

#8

a)

Ureter

b)

Major calyx

c)

Renal medulla

d)

Renal cortex

64.

#2

a)

Renal capsule

b)

Major calyx

c)

Minor calyx

d)

Ureter

65.

What type of white blood cells tag antigens with antibodies?

a)

Phagocytes

b)

Pathogens

c)

Macrophages

d)

B-cells

e)

T-Cells

66.

Your hair, mucus, and skin are part of what type of immunity?

a)

Adapted Ammunity

b)

Passive Immunity

c)

Innate Immunity

d)

Acquired Immunity

67.

Getting the COVID vaccine would update / boost what kind of immunity?

a)

Acquired Immunity

b)

Passive Immunity

c)

Adaptive Immunity

d)

Innate Immunity

68.

When blood leaves this chamber of the heart, it heads to the lungs

a)

right atrium

b)

right ventricle

c)

left atrium

d)

left ventricle

69.

These are the smallest blood vessels with the thinnest walls in order to maximize diffusion of nutrients in and out of the interstitial fluid

a)

arteries

b)

veins

c)

capillaries

d)

aorta

70.

Blood traveling through the systemic circuit goes through the _____ side of the heart and out to the body

a)

right

b)

left

71.

Which of the following is FALSE about pacemaker cells?

a)

They allow the heart to beat on its own

b)

They create their own electrical impulses

c)

They are part of the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node

d)

They require depolarizing stimulation from the brain

72.
The place where the electrical current starts and is considered the heart's pacemaker:
a)
Sino-atrial node 
b)
right atrium
c)
atria-ventricular node 
d)
left ventricle
73.
The AV node is located at...
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
74.

What is considered the QRS complex?

a)

A, B, & C

b)

C, D, & E

c)

B, C, & D

d)

D & E

75.
When you breathe, your lungs take in ___ and remove ___. 
a)
air/oxygen
b)
oxygen/carbon dioxide 
c)
carbon dioxide/waste 
d)
waste/air 
76.
Given the following structures:
1. larynx
2. nasal cavity
3. pharynx
4. trachea
Which of the following is the correct order that air would flow during inhalation. 
a)
1,2,3,4
b)
2,3,1,4
c)
2,1,3,4
d)
4,2,3,1 
77.

b is pointing to..

a)

nose

b)

pharynx

c)

trachea

d)

larynx

78.

Which type of microbe can be prevented with vaccines?

a)

Bacteria

b)

Viruses

c)

Fungi

d)

Protists

79.

The chart shows a family with Polycystic Kidney Disease. What is the chance that if individuals 5 and 6 in generation 2 had another child, that the child would have the disease?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

e)

Cannot be determined

80.

Is this pedigree dominant, recessive, or sex-linked recessive?

a)

Dominant

b)

Recessive

c)

Sex-Linked Recessive

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