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WorksheetsGrade 8 Final Exam Review
Total questions: 110
Worksheet time: 2hrs 26mins
Base your answer to the following question on the image provided below.
The sphere was dropped into water in a graduated cylinder as shown below. If the new volume with the sphere is 80mL, what is the volume of the sphere?
The diagram below represents a thermometer. What is the temperature?
The data table below shows the temperatures of two similar objects for 10 minutes after the objects were placed near each other. How does the heat flow?
The apparent rising and setting of the Sun as seen from the Earth are caused by the
rotation of the Sun
rotation of the Earth
revolution of the Earth
revolution of the Sun
At which position is New York experiencing the first day of summer?
Position A
Position B
Position C
Position D
Why is the constellation, Sagittarius, not visible in the northern hemisphere in December?
The Earth revolves around the sun.
The Earth rotates around the sun.
Sagittarius rotates around the sun.
Sagittarius revolves around the sun.
Explain why this diagram represents a heliocentric model of the solar system.
The planets orbit around the Earth.
The planets orbit around the Sun.
The Sun orbits around the planets.
The Earth is at the center of the solar system.
The force that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun is known as
gravity
magnetic
magic
strong
According to Kepler's Harmonic Law of Planetary Motion, the farther a planet is located from the sun, the
shorter its period of revolution
longer its period of revolution
shorter its period of rotation
longer its period of rotation
Approximately how many million years ago did Earth and the solar system form?
At which position will a full moon phase occur?
A
B
C
D
What motion of the Moon results in the Moon phases as viewed from Earth?
A) Rotation on its axis
B) Revolution around the Earth
C) Rotation around the Sun
D) Revolution around the Sun
In which group are the spheres of the Earth listed in order of increasing density?
A) atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere
B) hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
C) lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere
D) lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
Which arrow represents the process of transpiration?
A
B
C
D
Which statement best explains how atmospheric dust particles influence the water cycle?
A) Dust particles are the main source of dissolved salts in the sea.
B) Dust particles increase the capacity of the atmosphere to hold water vapor.
C) Dust particles increase the amount of evaporation that takes place.
D) Dust particles provide surfaces on which water vapor can condense.
Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below shows a container of water that is being heated.
density differences
insolation
the Coriolis effect
the Earth's rotation
During which Geologic Time PERIOD did the first land plants appear on Earth?
Cambrian
Ordovician
Silurian
Devonian
Which sequence correctly matches each test, A, B, and C, with the mineral property tested?
A—cleavage; B—streak; C—hardness
A—cleavage; B—hardness; C—streak
A—streak; B—cleavage; C—hardness
A—streak; B—hardness; C—cleavage
Which statement best describes a general property of rocks?
Most rocks have a number of minerals in common.
Most rocks are composed of a single mineral.
All rocks contain fossils.
All rocks contain minerals formed by compression and cementation.
Which processes change sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks?
erosion and deposition
melting and solidification
evaporation and condensation
temperature and pressure changes
Base your answer to the following question on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F.
How were these rocks formed?
Most of the rocks shown were formed by
volcanic eruptions and crystallization
compaction and/or cementation
heat and pressure
melting and/or solidification
Which rock is least likely to contain fossils?
gabbro (igneous)
shale (sedimentary)
limestone (sedimentary)
siltstone (sedimentary)
The graph below shows the snow line (the elevation above which glaciers form at different latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere). At which location would a glacier most likely form?
90° N Pole
45° N
30° N
15° N
Which statement best supports the theory of continental drift?
Basaltic rock is found to be progressively younger at increasing distances from a mid-ocean ridge.
Marine fossils are often found in deep-well drill cores.
The present continents appear to fit together as pieces of a larger landmass.
Areas of shallow-water seas tend to accumulate sediment, which gradually sinks.
The map below shows mid-ocean ridges and trenches in the Pacific Ocean. Specific areas A, B, C, and D are indicated by shaded rectangles. Movement of the crustal plates shown in the diagram is most likely caused by
the revolution of the Earth
the erosion of the Earth's crust
shifting of the Earth's magnetic poles
convection currents in the Earth's mantle
Which statement about the age of ocean-floor rocks is correct?
All ocean-floor rocks are generally the same age.
Rocks at continent coasts are generally younger than rocks at the center of the ridge.
Rocks at center of the ridge are generally younger than rocks at the continental coasts.
What type of plate boundary is being shown in the diagram?
divergent
convergent
transform
none of the above
The Geologic Time Scale has been subdivided into a number of time units called periods on the basis of
fossil evidence
rock thicknesses
rock types
radioactive dating
Which life form existed for the greatest length of time?
sponges
trilobites
bony fishes
reptiles
Which life form appeared on Earth most recently?
amphibians
mammals
shelled organisms
fish
Explain why the trilobite fossils are considered to be older than the dinosaur fossils.
During which period of Geologic time did the trilobite fossil go extinct?
Cambrian
Ordovician
Permian
Jurassic
Volcanic ash serves as a good marker of geologic time because the ash
is highly radioactive
destroys all plant and animal life
has only a local deposition
is deposited rapidly over a large area
What weather instrument is usually attached to a weather balloon to measure temperature?
Barometer
Anemometer
Thermometer
Hygrometer
What is an approximate barometric pressure for New York based on this map?
1016- 1020 mb
1024-1028 mb
1004- 1008 mb
In which compass direction does weather typically travel across the United States?
North to South
South to North
East to West
West to East
Which type of front and frontal movement is shown on the weather map?
cold front moving to the west coast
cold front moving to the east coast
warm front moving to the west coast
warm front moving to the east coast
A greenhouse is warm because it converts
light energy to heat energy.
heat energy to light energy.
chemical energy to heat energy.
nuclear energy to light energy.
What causes the warming of Earth's surface and lower atmosphere?
Decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide
Increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide
Decrease in visible light rays from the Sun
Increase in long-wave infrared radiation from the Sun
What is the role of the atmosphere in the greenhouse effect?
It blocks all visible light rays from the Sun
It allows a large percentage of visible light rays from the Sun to reach Earth's surface
It prevents infrared radiation from leaving the Earth's surface
It absorbs all the energy from the Sun
What do many scientists believe has increased the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide?
Decrease in industrialization
Increase in the use of renewable energy
Modern industrialization and the burning of fossil fuels
Reduction in deforestation
What is the primary cause of the warming of Earth's surface and lower atmosphere?
Increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide
Decrease in atmospheric oxygen
Increase in atmospheric nitrogen
Decrease in atmospheric methane
When human-made chemicals and garbage find their way into nature and harm the air, soil, and water it is called
pollution
habitat destruction
overexploitation
climate change
Which of the following are greenhouse gases?
Carbon dioxide
Methane
Water vapor
All answers are correct
The highest gaseous pollutant is
methane
nitrous oxide
carbon dioxide
fluorinated gases
The greenhouse effect is caused by
more heat arriving at the Earth from the sun
the Earth releasing more heat at night
gases in the air trapping heat released by the Earth
The graph shows us that
the earth temperature is always increasing
the earth's temperature has steadily increased since 1900
the earth's temperature has steadily rising since the 1960s
the earth's temperature decreased during the 19th and 20th centuries
Nonrenewable resource that is also called petroleum
Nuclear
Natural gas
Coal
Oil
Fossil fuel were formed from
The remains of once living organisms
Sun
Water
Solid, Liquids, and Gases, made millions of years ago
What is a renewable resource
Fossil fuels
An object you cannot replace
A resource that has a nearly unlimited supply
Renewable energy resources produces less __________than fossil fuels.
Wind
Pollution
light
Energy
The energy that is generated from the sun by using solar panels
WInd
Hydro
Nuclear
Solar
Heat is tranferred from ________ areas to ______ areas.
warmer, cooler
cooler to warmer
The type of heat transfer that occurs only in fluids, such as water or air.
conduction
convection
radiation
The type of heat transfer that occurs when heated air or water rises to the top of denser, cooler air or water.
conduction
convection
radiation
The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
conduction
convection
radiation
The transfer of heat from one particle of matter to another within an object or between two objects through direct contact.
conduction
convection
radiation
What is a constellation?
(a)
Place the inner planets in order from CLOSEST to the sun from FARTHEST.
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Place the outer planets in order from CLOSEST to the sun from FARTHEST.
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Which planet... supports life?
Mercury
Mars
Earth
Venus
(_______________)- Land (Earth's core, mantle, mountains, sand, metals)
Geosphere/Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
(_______________)- Water (oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, glaciers)
Geosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
(_______________)- Air (oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, zone, wind)
Geosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
(_______________)- Life (plants, animals, insects, humans)
Geosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
What is the missing phase?
What is the missing phase?
What is the missing phase?
What happens as the moon revolves around the earth?
The shadow gets darker and darker.
The illuminated (lit) side gets lighter and lighter.
The shadow slowly disappears until it's fully lit, then the lit part slowly disappears until it's completely dark.
Rocks which formed from magma are called ______ rocks
igneous
metamorphic
sedimentary
Fossils are more likely to be found in _______ rocks.
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
Fossil
A gap in the geologic record that shows where rock layers have been lost due to erosion.
A record of the geologic events and the evolution of life forms as shown in the rock and fossil records.
The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past.
One of the units of geologic time into which geologists divide eras.
What era do we (humans) live in?
Cenozoic
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Pre Cambrian
On Earth's Geological Timeline, MYA stands for...
Most Years Available
Millions of Years Ago
Plates Come Together
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Plates Spread Apart
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Plates Rub Against Each Other
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are located ____.
Near continents
At mid-ocean ridges
Near Indiana
Far from mid-ocean ridges
What feature is at C?
Subduction
Seafloor spreading
Deep ocean trench
Alfred Wegener
Look at the point labeled A on the weather map. What kind of weather can you expect in this area?
Sunny and calm winds
Sunny and very windy
Rainy and windy
Cold, snow, and calm
Look at the point labeled B on the weather map. What kind of weather can you expect here?
Cold and windy
Rainy
Sunny and calm
Snow and wind
