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Physical Science Final Exam 2024

Total questions: 120

Worksheet time: 6hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question. 
a)
scientific method
b)
recipe
c)
data collection
d)
metric system
2.
This variable in an experiment is the one being changed by the scientist. 
a)
dependent variable
b)
independent variable
c)
data
d)
control group
3.
Dependent variable means
a)
the scientist controls what to test
b)
educated guess
c)
ask a question
d)
what is being measured
4.
This is the group that we will compare our experimental group to. This group stays "normal."
a)
Control Group
b)
Experimental Group
c)
 Normal Group
d)
Weird Group
5.
This is the group that is affected by the independent variable or the group that is changed.
a)
Control Group
b)
Experimental Group
c)
Changed Group
d)
Cool Group
6.

Which unit is NOT used in the metric system?

a)

Meter

b)

Gram

c)

Liter

d)

Pound

7.

Two tools used to find the volume of an object are the

a)

ruler and graduated cylinder

b)

graduated cylinder and triple beam balance

c)

triple beam balance and ruler

d)

test tube and graduated cylinder

8.

What does mass measure?

a)

the amount of stuff or matter in an object

b)

the gravitational pull on an object

c)

the amount of space something takes up

d)

measure of how hot or cold something is

9.

What does volume measure?

a)

the amount of stuff or matter in an object

b)

the gravitational pull on an object

c)

the amount of space something takes up

d)

the measure of how hot or cold something is

10.

Put the liquids in order from most dense to least dense?

a)

4, 3, 2, 1

b)

3, 4, 2, 1, 

c)

1, 2, 3, 4

d)

4, 3, 1, 2

11.

What is this tool to measure mass?

a)

triple beam balance

b)

thermometer

c)

ruler

d)

graduate cylinder

12.

What is an Atom?

a)

Building block of elements

b)

Neutron

c)

Unit of mass

d)

Atomic mass unit

13.

Electron Cloud

a)

Building blocks of elements.

b)

Unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights.

c)

The area around an atom's nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found. 

d)

Particle of matter that defines a chemical element.

14.

Nucleus

a)

The area around an atom's nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found. 

b)

Particle that makes up an atom (protons, electrons, neutrons).

c)

All of the aboive

d)

Small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom.

15.

A pure substance that can not be broken down into any simpler substance is...

a)

Element

b)

Compound

c)

Atom

16.
Where does a star begin and end its life?
a)
Black Hole
b)
Galaxy
c)
Nebula
d)
Solar System
17.
The path a star takes during its life cycle depends solely on its _____.
a)
temperature
b)
luminosity
c)
mass
d)
location
18.
If you were a star, your life cycle stage would be ______ ________ because you are 'living'.
a)
Red Giant
b)
Main Sequence
c)
White Dwarf
d)
Black Hole
19.
Low mass stars expand into what after using up the hydrogen in their core
a)
red giants
b)
supergiants
c)
white dwarfs
d)
protostars
20.
When a star's gravitational pull is so strong that not even light can escape, it's called a what?
a)
Black hole
b)
Supernova
c)
White dwarf
d)
Nebula
21.

A white dwarf is the final stage for _________ mass stars like our Sun.

a)

low

b)

high

22.

What is an exploding, high mass star called?

a)

black hole

b)

Milky Way

c)

supernova

d)

solar system

23.
What is mass?
a)
How much MATTER makes up an object.
b)
How much GRAVITY is pulling an object.
24.

Which property of matter changes depending on the gravitational pull?

a)

Mass

b)

Weight

c)

Volume

d)

Density

25.

The sun is a ______?

a)

Planet

b)

Asteroid

c)

Star

d)

Constellation

26.

The curved path of a planet around the sun is called an ________?

a)

Gas

b)

Orbit

c)

Gravity

d)

Sun

27.

How old is the Solar system?

a)

4.6 billion years old

b)

4.6 million years old

c)

460 million years old

d)

46 million years old

28.

One year on Earth is defined by one of these?

a)

1 Rotation of Earth

b)

1 Revolution of Earth

c)

365 Revolutions of Earth

d)

300 Rotations of Earth

29.

What are the Terrestrial Planets

a)

Jupiter, Saturn, Earth, Mars

b)

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

c)

Mercury, Venus, Uranus, Neptune

d)

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

30.

What are the Jovian Planets

a)

Jupiter, Saturn, Earth, Mars

b)

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

c)

Mercury, Venus, Uranus, Neptune

d)

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

31.

What is the only planet with liquid water?

a)

Neptune

b)

Mars

c)

Earth

d)

Io

32.

The Earth makes one full rotation on its axis every 24 hours.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

What is the best place to look for habitable planets?

a)

Around giant, hot stars

b)

Around small, cool stars

c)

Around sun-like stars (average size and temperature)

d)

Around white dwarfs

34.

What is the term 'goldilocks zone' a nickname for?

a)

habitable zone

b)

mid-sized stars like our sun

c)

mid-sized planets like our Earth

d)

atmospheres of the right thickness

35.
What is the top layer of the Earth's surface called? 
a)
Mantle
b)
Innercore
c)
Outercore
d)
Crust
36.
What part of the earth is a layer of rock that comprises 67% of Earth’s mass?
a)
mesosphere
b)
mantle
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
37.

Which layer of Earth is located below the outer core?

a)

crust

b)

inner core

c)

mantle

d)

lithosphere

38.
What layer is the hottest?
a)
Core
b)
Crust
c)
Mantle
39.
Which layer is made up of iron and nickel?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Inner Core
d)
Lithosphere
40.
What causes the crust to move?
a)
convection
b)
conduction
c)
tension
d)
radiation
41.

Process by which new ocean crust forms.

a)

Seafloor spreading

b)

Continental drift

c)

Mid-ocean ridge

d)

Rift

42.

The zone where one plate slides under another at a convergent boundary is called the

a)
Convergent zone
b)
Subduction zone
c)
Transform zone
d)
Mantle zone
43.
When looking at mid ocean ridges the oldest rocks are 
a)
In the middle
b)
Found close to the rift zone
c)
Found far from the mid ocean ridges
44.

What type of boundary does Seafloor Spreading occur?

a)

Convergent

b)

Subduction

c)

Collision

d)

Divergent

45.

The material that is rising up from the mantle to form new ocean crust is called?

a)

Lava

b)

Slate

c)

Sedimentary Rocks

d)

Magma

46.

The average density of continental crust is 2.8 g/cm3 and the average density of oceanic crusts is 3.2 g/cm3. If these two plates came together, what would happen?

a)

The two plates would push apart and form a rift zone.

b)

The oceanic plate would rise up over the continental plate.

c)

The oceanic plate would sink under the continental plate.

d)

The two plates would meet head on and rise up to form mountains.

47.
A plate boundary at which two plate move parallel to each other in opposite directions
a)
convergent plate boundary
b)
divergent plate boundary
c)
transform plate boundary
d)
subduction
48.

Tectonic plates consist of

a)

continental crust

b)

mesospheric crust

c)

both continental and oceanic crust

d)

oceanic crust

49.

The idea that the continents were once part of a single landmass that broke apart and

moved is

a)

Continental Drift

b)

Tectonic Plates

c)

Transform

50.

The region where two lithospheric plates meet

a)

Continental Drift

b)

Plate tectonics

c)

Plate Boundaries

51.

Tectonic plates “float” on

a)

the lithosphere

b)

the mantle

c)

the ocean

d)

the asthenosphere

52.

What geologic feature was evidence to support the theory that the continents used to be joined?

a)

Same rocks were found on different continents

b)

Glacial grooves were found on different continents

c)

Fossilized evidence of the same organism found on different continents

d)

Africa and South America look like puzzle pieces that fit together

53.

Pangaea was an ancient supercontinent made up of...

a)

America, Greenland, and Europe

b)

Antarctica, India, and America

c)

all of Earth’s continents

d)

South Africa, India, Australia, and South America

54.
How does fossil evidence support Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift?
a)
Similar fossils are found along continental margins that appear to join together.
b)
Fossils are found in areas where the present-day climate could not have supported the organisms that made the fossils.
c)
Similar fossils of giant, land-dwelling dinosaurs are found on continents separated by oceans.
d)
all of the above
55.

Read the Map

What do these arrows explain about the plate boundaries?

a)

The 2 plates are converging.

b)

The 2 plates are diverging.

c)

The 2 plates are sliding past one another (transform).

56.

Read the Map

What do these arrows explain about the plate boundaries?

a)

The 2 plates are converging.

b)

The 2 plates are diverging.

c)

The 2 plates are sliding past one another (transform).

57.

What ocean does the Ring of Fire surround?

a)

The Pacific Ocean

b)

The Atlantic Ocean

c)

The Arctic Ocean

d)

The Indian Ocean

58.

How do volcanoes erupt?

a)

Magma pushes against the tectonic plates

b)

Magma flows through a tube to the Earth's surface

c)

The ground collapses

d)

Cool magma bubbles to the surface of the Earth.

59.

There are more volcanoes and earthquakes in the Ring of Fire than anywhere else in the world.

a)

True

b)

False

60.

This is created by earthquakes that occur on the ocean floor.

a)

longshore current

b)

gulf stream

c)

tsunamis

d)

high tide

61.

What is Relative Age Dating?

a)

The dating of rocks in how they compare to the rocks that are around them.

b)

The use of fossils to help find the age of a rock.

c)

The use of radioactive elements in rock to find a highly accurate estimate of the age of the rock.

d)

Dating of a rock layer based on how far it is from Earth's core.

62.
How does absolute age differ from relative age?
a)
only absolute dating indicates which rock is older than another
b)
only absolute dating finds the age in years
c)
only relative dating finds the age in years
63.
The length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay is its...
a)
era
b)
age
c)
half-life
d)
eon
64.

What is stratigraphy?

a)

the study of the fossilized remains of plants and animals

b)

the study of the layers of rock

c)

the study of how the continents have moved and are still moving

d)

the study of how carbon is stored in Earth's permafrost

65.

what is another way to describe the law of superposition?

a)

the bottom layer is the oldest, the newest is the top layer

b)

all layers were originally positioned horizontally

c)

rock layers are continuously horizontal unless there was subsequent erosion

d)

inclusions and faults are younger than the rock layers they cut across

66.

This evidence shows ancient animals lived on several continents, even though they are an ocean apart.

a)

Mountain Range Evidence

b)

Glacial Evidence

c)

Fossil Evidence

67.
Which layer of rock is the oldest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
68.
Traces or remains of organisms that lived long ago
a)
Fossil
b)
Unconformity
c)
Superposition
d)
Column
69.
What is a mass extinction?
a)
When all the species in a particular area on earth suddenly go extinct
b)
When multiple species from all over the earth suddenly go extinct 
c)
When one species goes extinct due to habitat changes
d)
When all life on earth is wiped out 
70.
There have been _____ mass extinction events in Earth's history.
a)
3
b)
4
c)
5
d)
2
71.

According to most scientists, what is the ultimate cause of most mass extinctions?

a)

overhunting

b)

evolution of new species to replace old ones

c)

major change in environment or climate

d)

asteroid impact

72.
In order to be called a mineral, a substance must have which of the following?
a)
Definite chemical composition
b)
Cleavage
c)
Streak
d)
Luster
73.

What is the hardest mineral?

a)

Talc

b)

Diamond

c)

Gypsum

d)

Topaz

74.

What is the softest mineral?

a)

Talc

b)

Diamond

c)

Gypsum

d)

Topaz

75.
The natural chemical or physical processes that breaks down rock on Earth's surface.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
jackhammering
76.
The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
dumptruck
77.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
78.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
79.

What process most likely formed the Grand Canyon?

a)

weathering by wind

b)

rain pounding the rocks

c)

erosion by a river (water)

80.

______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

81.

Which is an example of Chemical Weathering?

a)

Acid Rain

b)

Ice Wedging

c)

Wind Abrasion

82.

Physical or Mechanical Weathering physically changes a rocks....

a)

Compostion

b)

Size and Shape

c)

Density

d)

Color

83.

The process by which water, wind, ice, and changes in temperature BREAK DOWN rock into fragments called sediments.

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Weathering

d)

Igneous Rock

84.

This image shows the rock cycle. Which event most likely occurs at point K?

a)

cooling

b)

cementing

c)

melting

d)

weathering

85.
Small pieces of rock are also called
a)
sediment
b)
coal
c)
organic matter
d)
erosion
86.
What is the MAIN way rocks are classified?
a)
Their color and shapes
b)
How they form
c)
Mineral bands
d)
Where they form
87.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
88.
Fossils are only found in
a)
Sedimentary rocks
b)
Foliated Metamorphic rocks
c)
Igneous Rocks
d)
Nonfoliated Metamorphic rocks
89.
Rock that forms when pressure, temperature, or chemical processes change existing rock.
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Rock Cycle
90.
A metamorphic rock can become ______.
a)
igneous
b)
metamorphic
c)
sedimentary
d)
all of these
91.

_______________ is a type of igneous rock that is formed from the fast cooling of lava.

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Intrusive igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Extrusive igneous

92.

_________ is a type of igneous rock that forms from the slow cooling of magma.

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Extrusive igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Intrusive igneous

93.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
94.
a)

Chalk

b)

Andesite

c)

Sandstone

d)

Schist

95.

a)

Andesite

b)

Chalk

c)

Schist

d)

Sandstone

96.

a)

Chalk

b)

Sandstone

c)

Andesite

d)

Schist

97.

This image shows a model of the rock cycle. At point R, rocks melt underground to form magma. Which is another process that contributes to the formation of rock at point R?

a)

compacting of sediments on the mountain

b)

cooling as the lava runs down the mountain

c)

weathering of the mountain from the environment

d)

eroding of different rocks at the base of the mountain

98.

The continuous movement of water from the earth into the atmosphere

a)

Water Table

b)

Percolation

c)

Aquifer

d)

Water Cycle

99.

Plants giving off moisture and releasing water into the air

a)

Precipitation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Runoff

100.

The process of changing a vapor into a liquid, which occurs when warm vapor mixes with cooler air in the atmosphere

a)

Transpiration

b)

Evaporation

c)

Condensation

d)

Precipitation

101.

Alfred Wegener thought which 2 continents looked like puzzle pieces that could fit together?

a)

Antarctica and Asia

b)

South America and Africa

c)

South America and Australia

d)

Africa and Pangaea

102.

When clouds get too heavy and water falls back to earth in the form of rain, snow, hail or other forms.

a)

Precipitation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Percolation

d)

Transpiration

103.

Changes liquid and frozen water into water vapor gas which floats up into the skies to become clouds

a)

Evaporation

b)

Precipitation

c)

Condensation

d)

Runoff

104.

What are our 3 states of matter?

a)

Solid, Liquid and Gas

b)

Solid Gas and Plasma

c)

Plasma, Maryland and Virginia

105.
What are latitude and longitude lines?
 
a)
 Imaginary lines that divide the Earth
b)
Visible lines that divide the Earth
c)
Long and short lines that divide the Earth
106.
What is the name of this line at 0 degrees latitude?
a)
Prime Meridian
b)
Equator
c)
North Pole
d)
South Pole
107.
a)
The map show the lines of longitude.
b)
The map shows the lines of latitude.
108.
a)
The map shows lines of longitude.
b)
The map shows lines of latitude.
109.

What is the most important factor that controls climate?

a)

Longitude

b)

Elevation

c)

Solar Constant

d)

Latitude

110.

What is the average weather in an area over a long period of time called?

a)

weather

b)

front

c)

key

d)

climate

111.
Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?
a)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960
b)
Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide
c)
humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels
d)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960
112.

The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is

a)

using public transportation and there by reduce the affects of greenhouse gases.

b)

burning fossil fuels

c)

texting on cellphones

d)

eating meat

113.
 What is the greenhouse effect?
a)
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
b)
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
c)
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
114.
What gas from the list below is a cause for global warming?
a)
Urethane
b)
Oxygen
c)
Carbon Dioxide
115.
What do scientists think the effect will be of having more greenhouse gases in our atmosphere?
a)
More warming of the atmosphere
b)
More cooling of the atmosphere
c)
More air in the atmosphere
d)
Less air in the atmosphere
116.

Earth’s average temperature has been increasing much more quickly than they would expect, how many years has the temperature been increasing?

a)

200 years.

b)

150 years.

c)

345 years.

d)

28 years.

117.
Which of these describes a species that has become extinct?
a)
fewer members of the species are dying than being born
b)
more members of the species are dying than being born
c)
very few members of a species are alive
d)
all members of a species have died
118.

Species that are in danger of becoming extinct are called __________.

a)

endangered

b)

not lucky

c)

extinct

d)

in a jam

119.
Humans are causing extiction in which ways?
a)
By over hunting animals for food or products.
b)
By destroying the natural habitat of species.
c)
By polluting the environments of the world.
d)
All of the above.
120.

True or False: Human beings are wiping out species much faster than nature creates them, causing what scientists call a "6th extinction"

a)

true

b)

false

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