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Semester 2 Review

Total questions: 117

Worksheet time: 2hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is atomic number?
a)
Number of protons in an atoms 
b)
Number of neutrons in an atom
c)
Mass of an atom
d)
Charge on an atom
2.
Which subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
a)
Protons and Electrons
b)
Protons and Neutrons
c)
Neutrons and Electrons
d)
Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
3.
What electrical charge does a proton have?
a)
+1
b)
0
c)
-1
d)
+2
4.
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the...
a)
Atomic number
b)
Proton number
c)
Mass number
d)
Weight number
5.
Complete the missing label on the diagram.
a)
Neutron
b)
Centre
c)
Nucleus
d)
Sub atomic particle
6.
Atoms of the same element must always have the same number of _________
a)
electrons
b)
neutrons
c)
isotopes
d)
protons
7.

The _________ of an element equals the number of protons in an atom of that element.

a)

mass number

b)

atomic weight

c)

atomic number

d)

isotopes

8.

Atoms of the same element which have a different number of neutrons are called _________________.

a)

ions

b)

isotopes

c)

quarks

d)

molecules

9.
Which subatomic particles contribute the most to the mass of an atom?
a)
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
b)
Protons only
c)
Protons and Electrons
d)
Protons and Neutrons
10.

What type of decay is shown here

23892U ---> 23490Th + 42He.

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

11.

Finish this equation

20983Bi--> _______ + 20581Tl

a)

42He

b)

0-1e

c)

y

12.

Identify the type of nuclear decay shown here

21483Bi → 0-1e + 21484Po

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

13.
What makes something radioactive?
a)
elements with an atomic number above 81
b)
an unstable nucleus
c)
contaminated sewage
d)
It decays over time
14.

What is a nebula?

a)

A cloud of water

b)

A cloud of hydrogen gas and dust

c)

A star

d)

A disk of gas formed by gravity

15.

Stars are mainly made of large amounts of ...

a)

Dust

b)

Hydrogen gas

c)

Nebula

d)

Radiation

16.

What marks the birth of a star?

a)

Nebula

b)

Gravity

c)

Nuclear fusion

d)

Energy

17.

What is made from two hydrogen isotopes in a nuclear fusion reaction?

a)

They separate to form energy

b)

They combine and form helium

c)

They remain the same

d)

They combine and form hydrogen

18.

What is the fuel source of the sun?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Water

d)

Helium

19.

Stellar Equilibrium means...

a)

The inward pressure of gravity and outward pressure of fusion are in balance (same).

b)

The nucleus of two hydrogen nuclei are fusing

c)

The inward pressure of gravity is stronger than the outward pressure of fusion

d)

Gravity forms the star

20.

A star remains in main sequence as long as the force of fusion and force of gravity are balanced.

a)

True

b)

False

21.

The graph that compares surface temperature and luminosity of stars is called the...

a)

Herstung Rachel Diagram

b)

Hertzsprung Rascal Diagram

c)

Herschel Russell Diagram

d)

Hertzsprung Russell Diagram

22.

What color stars are the coolest?

a)

Red

b)

Orange

c)

Yellow

d)

Blue

23.

What color stars are the hottest?

a)

Red

b)

Orange

c)

Yellow

d)

Blue

24.

What is temperature related to?

a)

color

b)

size

c)

fusion

25.

What is the relationship between temperature and luminosity?

a)

as temperature increases, luminosity increases

b)

as temperature increases, luminosity decreases

c)

as temperature decreases, luminosity increases

26.

As galaxies move away from our galaxy

a shift on the electromagnetic spectrum is noticed. This phenomena is

called _____________.

a)

redshift

b)

blueshift

27.

The Big Bang Theory explains the formation of the...

a)

Earth

b)

Sun

c)

Universe

d)

Solar System

28.
What does the Big Bang theory suggest?
a)
The universe was just there
b)
The Milky Way is the only solar system
c)
The universe is continually expanding
d)
The universe is collapsing in toward a single point
29.

In relation to us, most galaxies are…

a)

Moving toward us

b)

Moving away from us

c)

Not moving

30.

The change in wavelength of light or sound that is due to the relative motion of the source towards or away from an observer. (like a star or a siren)

a)
Radar Effect
b)
Doppler Effect
c)
Light Effect
d)
Reflection
31.

What is true about these stars?

a)

Both of these stars are moving away from us.

b)

Both of these stars are moving towards us.

32.

What happens to the wavelengths of energy if they are moving AWAY from a source?

a)

The waves stretch out and get longer.

b)

The waves compress and get shorter.

33.

The spectrum of the galaxy on bottom is moving...

a)

Towards us

b)

Away from us

34.
What were the original two elements in our universe?
a)
Lithium and Carbon
b)
Hydrogen and Neon
c)
Helium and Chlorine
d)
Hydrogen and Helium
35.

The leftover energy from the origin of the universe that we see today is called...

a)

Cosmic microwave radiation

b)

sunlight

c)

Doppler effect

d)

Cosmic explosions

36.
The three pieces of evidence for our current theory of the universe are:
a)
blueshift, CMB, moon landing.
b)
redshift, IBM, Andromeda galaxy.
c)

redshift, CMB, abundance of elements.

d)
doppler effect, light spectra, fusion.
37.
The CMB is:
a)
the remaining energy from the big bang.
b)
incredibly hot.
c)
visible to the human eye.
d)
only located in certain places in the universe.
38.
At higher temperatures
a)
particles in an object have less energy
b)
particles in an object move faster
c)
a gas contracts
39.
A gas
a)
has a definite shape but no definite volume
b)
has a definite volume but no definite shape
c)
has fast-moving particles
40.

Freezing

a)

Solid to gas

b)

Liquid to solid

c)

Gas to solid

41.

Boiling

a)

liquid to gas

b)

gas to solid

c)

gas to liquid

42.
Which state of matter has a definite shape?
a)
solid
b)
liquid
c)
gas
43.

What is happening when my ice cream changes from a solid to a liquid?

a)

freezing

b)

melting

c)

burning

44.

The state of matter that has no definite size or shape is

a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

c)

Gas

45.

Particles of a liquid

a)

are tightly packed together and stay in a fixed position.

b)

are free to move around one another but still touch.

46.

The Earth is estimated to be approximately:

a)

4.5 billion years old

b)

4.5 million years old

c)

45 billion years old

d)

45 million years old

47.

Where did the water in the oceans originate?

a)

Oceans were already apart of the creation of Earth

b)

Water from meteorites

c)

Atmospheric hydrogen reacting with oxygen

d)

Early life forms respirating

48.

The oldest rocks found on Earth are approximately:

a)

2.8 billion years old

b)

3.3 billion years old

c)

4.2 billion years old

d)

4.2 million years old

49.

Why is it hard to find very old rocks on Earth?

a)

Erosion, volcanic eruptions and other processes destroy rocks

b)

The Earth didn't become solid for billions of years

c)

The oldest rocks were made into the moon during a collision

d)

The oldest rocks were destroyed in a huge collision that killed the dinosaurs

50.

How did the Earth get its moon?

a)

an impact with a protoplanet that flung debris into space

b)

it formed at the same time as the Earth from gases

c)

it was an asteroid that came close enough to begin orbiting Earth

d)

it was supposed to be a planet but didn't get large enough

51.

It was difficult for scientists to explain the formation of Earth because:

a)

it occurred too quickly

b)

much of the evidence on Earth has been destroyed

c)

early records have been lost

d)

the creation of the moon took the evidence with it

52.
Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Galileo
c)
Alfred Wegener
d)
Newton
53.
What two specific continents fit together most noticeably?
a)
Africa and North America
b)
South America and Europe
c)
South America and Africa
d)
 Antartica and Africa
54.

What is this a picture of?

a)

plate tectonics

b)

continental drift

c)

pangaea

d)

glacier scaring

55.
Why was Wegener's theory not accepted?
a)
He had no proof of how they were moving
b)
He had no evidence
c)
He was married
d)
He was not a Scientist
56.
In the Atlantic ocean, where is the youngest seafloor located?
a)
Towards the edges, near the eastern and western continents
b)
Towards the middle of the ocean
c)
Towards the north and south poles
d)
Young seafloor is located randomly throughout the ocean
57.
What two words are BEST used to describe how the seafloor spreads?
a)
Magma and convection
b)
Earthquakes and convection
c)
Magma and convention
d)
Volcanoes and earthquakes
58.
True or False: The plates will never stop moving
a)
True
b)
False
59.

What is it called where chains of mountains rise up to form the ocean floor?

a)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

b)

Subduction

c)

Deep-Ocean Trench

d)

Sea-Floor Spreading

e)

Magnetic Striping

60.

What is it called when the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench?

a)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

b)

Deep-Ocean Trench

c)

Sea-Floor Spreading

d)

Subduction

e)

Magnetic Striping

61.

The source of new oceanic crust being produced at the mid-ocean ridge is known as __________________.

a)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

b)

Subduction

c)

Deep-Ocean Trench

d)

Sea-Floor Spreading

e)

Magnetic Striping

62.

Evidence that the Earth's magnetic poles have flipped and is linked to sea-floor spreading is called _________?

a)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

b)

Subduction

c)

Deep-Ocean Trench

d)

Sea-Floor Spreading

e)

Magnetic Striping

63.

Where does sea-floor spreading occur?

a)

mantle

b)

mid-ocean ridges

c)

subduction zones

d)

deep-ocean trenches

64.

Where does subduction occur?

a)

mantle

b)

converging plate boundaries

c)

rift valley

d)

mid-ocean ridge

65.
The oceanic crust _________ when it reaches the continental crust.
a)
sinks
b)
rises
c)
expands
66.
The land feature that happens when there is subduction is called a...
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
deep-ocean trench
c)
asthenosphere
67.

What process in the mantle causes plate tectonics?

a)

conduction

b)

convection currents

c)

radiation

68.

What is the process happening at R?

a)

Deep ocean trench

b)

mid ocean ridge

c)

subduction

d)

sea floor spreading

69.

What evidence from landforms supports the idea that the continents were once joined and then drifted apart? Choose all that apply

a)

Continents fit together like a puzzle

b)

Mountain ranges from different continents line up when the continents are put together.

c)

Fossils were found from plants and animals that can't fly or swim on different continents.

d)

Seafloor spreading

70.

What is common at convergent boundaries?

a)

Valleys

b)

Canyons

c)

Mountains and Volcanoes

d)

Rivers

71.

The three types of plate boundaries are

a)

Convergent, divergent, change

b)

Divergent, allegiant, insurgent

c)

Convergent, divergent, transform

d)

Push, pull, slide

72.

What happens often at transform boundaries?

a)

Rain

b)

Hurricanes

c)

Volcanic activity

d)

Earthquakes

73.

The Andes Mountains in South America are a result of a

a)

Transform plate boundary

b)

Divergent plate boundary

c)

Convergent plate bounday

74.

The San Andreas Fault is a result of a

a)

Transform plate boundary

b)

Divergent plate boundary

c)

Convergent plate boundary

75.

The East African Rift Valley is an example of a

a)

Transform plate boundary

b)

Divergent plate boundary

c)

Convergent plate boundary

76.

The lines where the plates meet are called...

a)

continents

b)

plate boundaries

c)

trenches

77.
Stretching rock so it becomes thinner in the middle is what kind of stress?
a)
tension
b)
compression
c)
shearing
78.

Squeezing rock together until it breaks is what stress?

a)
tension
b)
compression
c)
shearing
79.

The hanging wall slides up and over the footwall against gravity describes what kind of fault?

a)
strike-slip
b)
normal
c)
reverse
80.
What fault has little up or down motion?
a)
strike-slip
b)
normal
c)
reverse
81.

When the hanging wall slides downward below the footwall with gravity, what kind of fault is it?

a)
strike-slip
b)
normal
c)
reverse
82.
Compression is the type of stress that causes the crust to become thinner in the middle.
a)
True 
b)
False
83.
Rock layers undergo stress when they are squeezed at convergent boundaries. This stress is called:
a)
compression
b)
combining
84.
Rock layers undergo stress when they are stretched apart at divergent boundaries. This stress is called:
a)
tightening
b)
tension
85.

The surface along rocks which break and slide past each other is called a:

a)
fracture
b)
fault
c)
joint
86.

A type of fault where rocks on either side move past each other parallel to the ground is called:

a)
normal fault
b)
reverse fault
c)
strike-slip fault
87.
a)
normal fault
b)
reverse fault
c)
strike-slip fault
88.
a)
normal fault
b)
reverse fault
c)
strike-slip fault
89.
A type of fault where the hanging wall slides down...caused by tension.
a)
normal fault
b)
strike-slip fault
c)

reverse fault

90.
a)
normal fault
b)
reverse fault
c)
strike-slip fault
91.

Which type of fault is this?

a)

normal

b)

reverse

c)

strike-slip

d)

transverse

92.

Which type of fault is this?

a)

normal

b)

reverse

c)

strike-slip

93.
Which travels fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?
a)
P waves
b)
S waves
94.
An instrument that detects and measures earthquakes is a 
a)
seismogram
b)
focus seismic map
c)
focus
d)
seismograph 
95.

Most earthquakes happen along _________________.

a)

the coast

b)

faults

c)

the desert

d)

mountain ranges

96.
Earthquakes under the water can cause _________________________________.
a)
tornadoes
b)
tsunamis
c)
lightening
d)
hailstorms
97.

Many earthquakes happen along the borders of...

a)

Countries

b)

Tectonic Plates

c)

Climate Zones

d)

None of the above.

98.

Second waves to arrive in an earthquake

a)

P waves

b)

S waves

c)

Surface waves

99.

First waves to arrive in an earthquake

a)

P waves

b)

S waves

c)

surface waves

100.
What is the opening at the top of a volcano called?
a)
side vent
b)
central vent
c)
vent 
d)
crater
101.
What is a dent or depression called on a volcano?
a)
side vent
b)
bump
c)
dent
d)
crater
102.
What is the spread of lava as it pours out of a vent?
a)
magma chamber
b)
pipe
c)
lava flow
d)
crater
103.
A sleeping volcano is called what?
a)
active
b)
dormant
c)
extinct
104.
Which of these is NOT a type of volcano?
a)
Shield
b)
Super
c)
Composite
d)
Cinder
105.
The ____________ is a belt of volcanoes around the rim of the Pacific Ocean.
a)
island arc
b)
Ring of Fire
c)
caldera
d)
hot spot
106.
As magma rises towards the surface it collects in a 'room' called a _____ _____ . 
a)
magma chamber
b)
side vent
c)
main vent
d)
lava chamber
107.

Which layer of Earth do scientists believe is most likely made of solid matter?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

108.

Which layer of the Earth is the thinnest?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer core

d)

Inner core

109.

Oceans and other bodies of water are found on which layer of Earth?

a)

Outer core

b)

Crust

c)

Mantle

d)

Inner core

110.
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
a)
crust, mantle, inner core, outer core
b)
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
c)
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
d)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
111.
How does temperature change as you move from the crust to the core?
a)
it gets cooler
b)
it gets hotter
c)
it stays the same
d)
the core is frozen
112.
Earth's inner core is
a)
a layer of hot rock
b)
a solid ball of iron and nickel
c)
a layer of liquid iron and nickel
d)
a layer of rock that forms Earth's outer skin
113.

What is the definition for mantle?

a)

what something is made of

b)

the outer portion of the core made mostly of liquid iron and nickel

c)

the layer of rock between Earth’s outer core and crust in which most rock is hot enough to flow in convection currents; Earth’s thickest layer.

d)

the layer of Earth made up of the crust and the rigid rock of the upper mantle, averaging about 40 kilometers thick and broken into tectonic plates.

114.

If magma increases in temperature (get hot) what will happen?

a)

It moves down (sinks)

b)

It moves up (rises)

115.

If magma decreases in temperature (cooler) what will happen to the magma?

a)

It will move down (sink)

b)

It will rise up (float)

116.

What happens to density as you go further inside the Earth?

a)

density decreases

b)

density stays the same

c)

density increases

117.
What can cause a tsunami?
a)
earthquake
b)
underwater volcanoes
c)
landslides
d)
all of these

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