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Cell Structure and Homeostasis Test Review

Total questions: 122

Worksheet time: 1hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What type of transport is occurring in part A of the diagram?
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Diffusion
2.
What type of transport is occurring in part B of the diagram?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
3.
What type of transport is occurring in part C of the diagram?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Osmosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
4.
A solution or environment surrounding a cell that has less solutes and more pure water than the cell:
a)
Hypertonic Solution
b)
Hypotonic Solution
c)
Isotonic Solution
d)
Control
5.
A solution or environment surrounding a cell that has more solutes and less pure water than the cell:
a)
Hypertonic Solution
b)
Hypotonic Solution
c)
Isotonic Solution
d)
Control
6.
A Solution or environment surrounding a cell that has the same amount of solutes and the same amount of water as the cell. 
a)
Hypertonic Solution
b)
Hypotonic Solution
c)
Control
d)
Isotonic Solution 
7.
Movement of particles across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. 
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Diffusion 
d)
Active Transport
8.
Movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the use of a protein channel.
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Active Transport
c)
Osmosis
d)
Diffusion
9.
Movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration using a protein channel.
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Diffusion 
10.
Movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. 
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Active Transport
c)
Osmosis
d)
Diffusion 
11.
The cell membrane allows certain substances to pass through but not others, this is known as: 
a)
Double membrane bound organelle
b)
Semi-Permeable
c)
Non-Permeable
d)
Completely Permeable
12.
Molecules naturally move from areas of _______ to ______ concentration.
a)
lower to higher
b)
higher to lower
13.
____________ Transport costs the cell ATP (energy) because solutes are being transported from lower to higher concentrations. 
a)
Passive
b)
Facilitated Diffusion
c)
Active
d)
Osmosis
14.
jelly-like substance within the cell membrane that the organelles float in. 
a)
mitochondria
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplasts
d)
cytoplasm
15.
Makes proteins.
a)
nucleus
b)
endoplasmic reticulum
c)
mitochondria
d)
ribosomes
16.
Protects a cell and gives it its shape.
a)
cell membrane
b)
nucleus
c)
cytoplasm
d)
cell wall
17.
Uses light energy to make a sugar (photosynthesis). It is green.
a)
cytoplasm
b)
mitochondria
c)
chloroplasts
d)
ribosomes
18.
A storage area for food, water and waste.
a)
vacuole
b)
chloroplasts
c)
cell wall
d)
cell membrane
19.
Which of the following is NOT included in the Cell Theory?
a)
All cells can survive independently
b)
All cells come from cells.
c)
All organisms are made of cells.
d)
The cell is the basic unit of organization in an organism.
20.
Processes materials and move them around INSIDE the cell. (highway system)
a)
endoplasmic reticulum
b)
ribosomes
c)
Golgi bodies
d)
cell membraine
21.
Sorts and packages materials and moves them  OUT of the cell.
a)
cell membrane
b)
endoplasmic reticulum
c)
golgi bodies
d)
vacuole
22.
"Gatekeeper" It determines what can come in and out of the cell.
a)
cell wall
b)
cell membrane
c)
cytoplasm
d)
vacuole
23.
Powerhouse of the cell. It releases energy from food.
a)
mitochondria
b)
chloroplasts
c)
golgi bodies
d)
ribosomes
24.
What structures are only found in plant cells?
a)
cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus
b)
chloroplast, cell wall, large vacuole
c)
chloroplast, large vacuole, Golgi bodies
d)
large vacuole, cell wall, mitochondria
25.
Under a microscope you see the building blocks of all living things (they look like many boxes).
a)
made of cells
b)
reproduction
c)
energy use
d)
response to surroundings
26.
Directs all cellular activities (the brain)
a)
cytoplasm
b)
golgi bodies
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosomes
27.
Getting goosebumps in order to keep your body warm.
a)
energy use
b)
response to surroundings
c)
homeostasis 
d)
growth and development
28.
A car backfires and you jump. What is the stimulus?
a)
the car backfiring
b)
you jumping
29.

Cell Membrane

a)

Keeps the cell separate from other cells and allows molecules to pass through; located on the outside of the animal and plant cell.

b)

Is the organelle that makes plant cells green.

c)

Keeps the cell separate from other cells, is located near the nucleus in animal and plant cells.

30.

Lysosome

a)

Cleans waste out of the cell

b)

Storage containers that hold water, chemicals, or food for the cell. They are larger in plant cells and smaller in animal cells.

c)

Keeps the cell separate from other cells and allows molecules to pass through; located on the outside of the animal and plant cell.

31.

Chloroplasts

a)

This organelle is only found in plant cells. It is located around the outside layer. It gives plant cells extra protection.

b)

This organelle is only found in plant cells. They make food using photosynthesis from the Sun's energy.

c)

Looks like macaroni noodles and transports materials through the cell. There are two types; smooth and rough.

32.
This organelle is used to store the materials needed by the cell
a)
Nucleus
b)
Vacuole
c)
Golgi Apparatus
d)
Chloroplasts
33.

This organelle contains digestive enzymes which helps remove waste from the cell

a)

Lysosome

b)

Ribosome

c)

Smooth Er

d)

Vacuole

34.

This organelle is found only in plant cells

a)

Lysosome

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Cell Membrane

35.
Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a)
Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
b)
Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.
c)
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
d)
Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.
36.

Which do BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

ribosomes

d)

cell wall

37.

Which does only eukaryotic cells contain?

a)

nucleus

b)

DNA

c)

cell membrane

d)

ribosomes

38.
A fossilized cell is discovered, and evidence suggests it reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this most likely be?
a)
prokaryote
b)
eukaryote
c)
plant cell
d)
animal cell
39.

The smallest unit of a living thing are

a)

atoms

b)

cells

c)

DNA

d)

organelles

40.

Which cell type tends to be smaller?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

c)

there is not a size difference

41.

Bacteria is an example of a(n)

a)

prokaryotic cell.

b)

eukaryotic cell.

42.
Has cytoplasm
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
43.
more complex
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
d)
both
44.
multicellular
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
45.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
46.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
47.
Where is the DNA found in a eukaryotic cell? 
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm 
b)
in the nucleus 
48.
A/An ____________is the smallest unit of life.
a)
atom
b)
stimulus
c)
cell
d)
DNA
49.

Reproduction that only involves one parent and all offspring are identical; for example, binary fission of bacteria or amoebas.

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

c)

Division

d)

Addition

50.

Reproduction that involves cells from two parents uniting to produce the first cell of a new organism.

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

c)

Budding

d)

Division

51.

Living things are based on a universal genetic code. What molecule is responsible for that code?

a)

RNA

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

DNA

52.

Maintaining a stable internal environment is called

a)

homeostasis

b)

equilibrium

c)

balance

d)

evenness

53.

Identify the characteristic: Green plants produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis.

a)

All living things use energy

b)

All living things contain cells

c)

All living things maintain homeostasis

d)

All living things grow

54.

Identify the characteristic: A camel has eyelashes that work to keep the dust and sand out of its eyes.

a)

All living things adapt/respond to their environment

b)

All living things grow

c)

All living things have cells

d)

All living things use energy

55.
The dismissal bell rings and you pack up your belongings. In this scenario, what is the stimulus?
a)
The bell ringing
b)
You packing up your belongings
c)
More information is needed
56.
Fire is living because it has 6 of the 8 characteristics of life. 
a)
True 
b)
False
57.
Multicellular means
a)
made of many cells
b)
made of one kind of cell
c)
made of only one cell
58.
Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why your legs and arms get longer and stronger as you get older?
a)
You grow and develop.
b)
You maintain homeostasis.
c)
Your cells contain genetic information.
d)
You display organization.
59.
A plant growing towards the light is an example of 
a)
reproduction.
b)
responding to a stimuli.
c)
metabolism.
d)
homeostasis.
60.
A maggot changing into a fly is an example of 
a)
reproduction.
b)
growth and development.
c)
homeostasis.
d)
evolution.
61.
Green plants produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis.
a)
All living things use energy
b)
All living things contain cells
c)
All living things maintain homeostasis
d)
All living things grow
62.
An amoeba is a unicellular organism. Which characteristic of life is this?
a)
All living things use energy
b)
All living things contain cells
c)
All living things respond to their environment
d)
All living things grow
63.
Rocks are not living because
a)
they never move
b)
they aren't needed for humans
c)
they are not made of cells
d)
they don't break down
64.
A cactus shows all of the following characteristics EXCEPT ____________. 
a)
need water
b)
growth 
c)
movement
d)
respond to environment 
65.
The image seen here is of a person shivering due to cold temperature. This is an example of an organism maintaining ________________ in action!
a)
Homeostasis
b)
Adaptations
c)
Evolution
d)
Development
66.
 All organisms contain instruction molecules that help determine which traits the organism will have is an example of 
a)
universal genetic code (DNA/RNA)
b)
metabolism
c)
evolution
d)
growth and development
67.

What is the point of a feedback loop?

a)

To provide the body with more energy

b)

To provide the body with more food

c)

To make sure the conditions in the body are always changing

d)

To make sure the conditions in the body remain stable

68.

In this body temperature feedback loop, predict what would happen if cooling mechanisms were NOT activated?

a)

The body would not warm up.

b)

The body would not cool down.

c)

Your body would get colder and colder.

d)

Your body would release lots of heat.

69.

According to the feedback loop, what does high blood sugar promote?

a)

Insulin Release

b)

Glucagon Release

c)

Insulin Uptake

d)

Glycogen Uptake

70.

What is the difference between what will happen if their is too much Glucose or too little Glucose? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

a)

With too much Glucose, Insulin is released. With too little Glucose, Glucagon is released.

b)

With too much Glucose, the pancreas produces insulin. With too little Glucose, the pancreas produces glucagon.

c)

With too much Glucose, Glucagon is released. With too little Glucose, Insulin is released.

d)

There is no difference.

71.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative 
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
72.
Maintaining body temperature is an example of a:
a)
negative feedback loop
b)
positive feedback loop
73.
The process of childbirth is an example of:
a)
negative feedback loop
b)
positive feedback loop
74.
The "cause" for something to happen is the
a)
response
b)
effect
c)
stimulus
d)
homeostasis
75.
The "effect" of a given stimulus is the...
a)
response
b)
stimulus
c)
cause
d)
result
76.
When you get cut, your skin cells release hormones that signal platelets to come and stop the bleeding. Platelets then release more hormones that signal even more platelets to help stop bleeding. The hormone signals continue until the cut is closed.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
77.
When glucose levels in the blood rise, your brain sends a signal to your pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which opens channels in cell membranes to allow glucose to enter the cell, lowering blood sugar levels. 
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
78.
Rapid growth during puberty causes your body to release more and more growth hormones. As you grow, more and more growth hormones are released until puberty is reached, and then the hormones stop.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
79.
If the calcium in your blood decreases below homeostasis levels, a gland in the brain will sense the decrease and send a chemical message to your bones. Your bones will release calcium into the blood, bringing blood calcium levels back up.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
80.
Negative Feedback Loops:
a)
amplify processes
b)
prevent small changes from getting larger
c)
are initiated during childbirth
d)
are found only in plants
81.

In a positive feedback loop, each action creates a consequence that _____________________ the other action.

a)

decreases

b)

has no effect on

c)

amplifies

82.

In a negative feedback loop, each action creates a consequence that _____________________ the other action.

a)

decreases

b)

has no effect on

c)

amplifies

83.

Which of the following detects a change & sends the info to the Control Center?

a)

Receptors

b)

Effectors

c)

Muscles & Glands

d)

Brain & Spinal Cord

84.

Which of the following responds to the output message from the Control Center?

a)

Effector

b)

Receptor

c)

Sense Organs

d)

Brain & Spinal Cord

85.

Which parts of the body are usually Receptors?

a)

Sense Organs

b)

Muscles & Glands

c)

Control Center

d)

Arms & Legs

86.

Which parts of the body are usually Effectors?

a)

Sense Organs

b)

Muscles & Glands

c)

Control Center

d)

Arms & Legs

87.
The ___ is the basic unit of sturucture and function of organisms
a)
atom
b)
cell
c)
matter
d)
all other answers are correct
88.
Which statement is a part of the cell theory?
a)
all cells come from preexisting cells
b)
bacteria are prokaryotic cells
c)
eukaryotic cells are complex
d)
humans are multicellular
89.
What kind of cell is this?
a)
Animal 
b)
Plant
90.
What kind of cell is this?
a)
Animal
b)
Plant
91.

Cell theory states that...

a)

cells are the basic building block of life

b)

cells are cool

c)

cells are microscopic

d)

cells cannot be destroyed

92.
Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?
a)
passive transport by diffusion
b)
active transport using ATP 
c)
passive transport by osmosis
d)
 osmosis
93.
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?
a)
The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.
b)
The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.
c)
The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.
d)
The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution. 
94.
The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called
a)
perforated
b)
semi-permeable
c)
non-conducive
d)
permeable
95.
 Look at the diagram of a cross-section of a cell membrane below. The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. The following particles are moving from high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. How would you describe this type of movement across the membrane? 
a)
simple osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
simple diffusion
d)
facilitated diffusion
96.
Look at the cross section of a cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell. H+ ions are being pumped from a low concentration to a high concentration. How do you describe this type of transport across the cell membrane?
a)
active transport
b)
passive transport
c)
facilitated diffusion
d)
co-transport
97.
Water has diffused ___________ of this cell.
a)
into 
b)
in and out of
c)
out of
98.
If the sodium concentration inside a cell is greater than outside the cell, how can a cell take in more sodium?
a)
osmosis
b)
diffusion
c)
active transport
d)
passive transport
99.
The amount of particles in a given space.
a)
diffusion
b)
concentration
c)
permeable
d)
active transport
100.
The process where only water is allowed to pass through the cell membrane from a high to low concentration.
a)
meiosis
b)
respiration
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
101.
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
a)
Osmosis
b)
Respiration
c)
Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
102.
Cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it (for large particles)
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Permeable
d)
In high concentration
103.
Particles are removed from a cell (pushed out).
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Permeable
d)
In high concentration
104.
Which of the following is an example of osmosis?
a)
Oxygen exiting leaves after photosynthesis
b)
A raisin swelling in a cup of water
c)
Water changing from a liquid to a gas
d)
Oxygen moving into an animal cell
105.

In passive transport, substances move across the cell membrane ________ the concentration gradient

a)

AGAINST

b)

ALONG

c)

WITH

d)

BETWEEN

106.

Which describes an isotonic environment?

a)

Too much water in the cell will cause the cell to burst - the percentage of water is higher outside the cell than inside the cell

b)

Too little water in the cell will cause the cell to shrink - the percentage of water is lower outside the cell than inside the cell

c)

Concentrations of water are equal inside and outside the cell

107.

A process in which cells surround and engulf substances that are TOO BIG to enter the cell is known as...

a)

Pinocytosis

b)

Phagocytosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Receptor-mediated

108.

When a cell forms a vesicle around unwanted particles and expels it OUT of the cell.

a)

Pinocytosis

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Receptor-mediated

d)

Exocytosis

109.
Most of the cell membrane is made of...
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic acids
110.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads 
d)
lipids
111.
The function of the plasma membrane is....
a)
to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
fight bacteria and viruses that enter the cell.
c)
provide rigid support and protection to the cell.
d)
make sure each cell can move
112.
The _____ in the plasma membrane prevents the fatty acids tails from sticking together. 
a)
carbohydrate chains
b)
cholesterol
c)
proteins
d)
lipids
113.
Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
A 
114.
Hydrophilic means...
a)
water-loving
b)
water-fearing
c)
nonpolar
d)
lipid soluble
115.
Hydrophilic means...
a)
water-loving
b)
water-fearing
c)
nonpolar
d)
lipid soluble
116.

This image is an example of a phospholipid. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHOBIC?

a)

the phosphate "head"

b)

the lipid "tails"

117.

This image is an example of a phospholipid. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHILIC?

a)

the phosphate "head"

b)

the lipid "tails"

118.

What is the "big idea" of the fluid mosaic model of plasma membranes?

a)

the plasma membrane creates a specialized FLUID that looks like a MOSAIC.

b)

the plasma membrane is a MOSAIC.

c)

the fluid mosaic model is NOT related to the plasma membrane.

d)

a plasma membrane is a MOSAIC of components that move FREELY and FLUIDLY.

119.
Which letter indicates an integral protein?
a)
E
b)
F
c)
H
d)
I
120.
Part of the plasma membrane responsible for cell recognition... 
a)
C
b)
E
c)
B
d)
D
121.
How many layers is the lipid bilayer?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
122.
True or False: Large molecules, such as glucose, can easily pass through the cell membrane without any help...
a)
True: They pass right through.
b)
False: They need a protein channel.

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