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WorksheetsNSG 3100 Exam 4 Review
Total questions: 73
Worksheet time: 37mins
The patient is on a low potassium diet that includes food such as applesauce, green beans, cabbage, lettuce, grapes, and raspberries. What type of patient would you expect to be on this type of diet?
A patient who recently had gastric bypass surgery
A patient with Addison’s disease
A patient with osteoporosis
A patient with heart disease
A patient is to be started on enteral feedings. What important step should the nurse take before the patient is started on enteral feedings?
Assess patient allergies to lactose
Evaluate the families perception of the enteral feedings
Make sure the patient stays nothing by mouth while enteral feedings are being administered
Assess the patient’s understanding about enteral feedings
A patient asks you what vitamin is best for eye sight. Your response is:
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Vitamin B6
A patient has a low magnesium level. Which food of the selection below is the highest in magnesium?
Mushrooms
Rhubarb
Avocado
Liver
A patient with anemia would benefit from which diet?
Legumes, organ meat, and dark green leafy vegetables
Nuts and seeds, fruits, and soy products
Vegetables, fish, and pasta
Grains, berries, and organic vegetables
You have a patient who just had a stroke and has garbled speech. What type of diet do you expect the patient to be prescribed after a speech evaluation?
Mechanically altered diet with nectar thick liquids
Mechanically altered diet with thin liquids
Soft diet
Full liquid diet
A patient is started on the diuretic Spironolactone. Which foods should the patient be careful to avoid eating too much of?
Bananas
Eggs
Hot Dogs
Green leafy vegetables
A patient has a stage 4 pressure ulcer on their sacral area. What type of foods would the patient most benefit from?
Dried beans, eggs, meats
Peanuts, tomatoes, and cabbage
Liver, spinach, corn
Oats, fruits, and vegetables
A patient is on a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. What type of foods can the patient eat?
Fish, milk, and poached eggs
Oysters, yogurt, and turkey
Chicken, cheese, and grilled eggplant
Boiled eggs and chocolate milk
A patient’s potassium level is 6.0. Which food should the patient avoid?
Raisins
Egg yolks
6.0 is a normal potassium level so the patient can eat whatever they want without an effect
Rice
A patient receiving dialysis should avoid what type of foods?
Microwaved sweet potatoes, boiled cabbage, and artichokes
Steamed broccoli, broiled mackerel, and artificial sweeteners
Canned soups, cold cut sandwiches, and Chinese take-out
Fresh fruits and vegetable, poultry, and beans
A patient is suffering from a broken jaw. Which foods would be most beneficial for this patient?
Carrots, fried chicken, and cereal
Soup, pudding, and ice cream
Tacos, peanuts, and fresh broccoli
Rice, watermelon, and smoked fish
A patient is diagnosed with Congestive Heart Failure and must follow a specific diet. Which spices are okay for the patient to use daily?
Garlic Sodium & Nutmeg
Sea Salt & Pepper
Onion Salt & Garlic Powder
Ginger & Bay Leaves
A patient was recently admitted for a Deep Vein Thrombosis and was started on Coumadin. During your education with the patient you would instruct the patient to avoid what food?
Lettuce
Bananas
Processed meats
Spinach
A patient is post-opt from gallbladder surgery and is ordered a clear liquid diet. Which of the selection can the patient have?
Fudge Popsicle
Apple Juice
Vanilla Custard
Creamy Chicken Soup
A patient who has a colostomy is complaining about having excess gas. You ask the patient to tell you what he has ate in the past 48 hours. Which food would you suspect is causing the patient excessive gas?
Squash, Spinach, and Pickles
Chicken, grapes, and raspberries
Cherries, Radishes, and Watermelon
Caraway seeds, tomato soup, and eggs
A patient’s blood tests show they have a critically low parathyroid hormone (PTH). What effect would this have on phosphate and calcium levels in the blood?
Phosphate and calcium levels high
Phosphate and calcium levels low
Phosphate levels low, calcium levels high
Phosphate levels high, calcium levels low
A patient is experiencing hypercalcemia and has developed renal calculi. What is the effect on the phosphate level in hypercalcemia?
Phosphate level remain the same
Phosphate level increases
Phosphate level decreases
Phosphate level normalizes
Which of the following would you NOT expect to see with a phosphate level of 1.2?
Confusion
Positive Trousseau’s Sign
Osteomalacia
Weakness
A patient undergoing treatment for Rhabdomyolysis with a phosphate level of 6.0 is about to eat their dinner. What food from their food tray would you remove due to it high contents of phosphate?
Breaded chicken and French fries
Baby carrots and peas
Macaroni and 2 oz of canned tuna
Rice and broccoli
Which patient is likely to present with a phosphate level of 6.0?
A patient on total parenteral nutrition therapy (TPN).
A patient who reports drinking a 12 pack of beer daily.
A patient taking an aluminum hydroxide-based antacid four times a day.
A patient in end-stage renal failure who is scheduled for dialysis tomorrow.
A patient has a phosphate level of 5.6. The doctor orders the patient to take Phoslo. What education will you provide to this patient regarding this medication?
Take the medication with 8 oz of water
Take the medication with a meal or right after
Take the medication on an empty stomach
Take the medication before bedtime when phosphate levels are the highest
What of the following is NOT an expected treatment for a phosphate level of 1.5?
Administering Phoslo by mouth with meals
Ensuring patient safety due to risk of bone fractures
Encouraging the patient to eat fish, beef, chicken, and organ meats
Administering Vitamin-D supplements
A patient is being discharged after being hospitalized with a phosphate level of 1.8. What type of foods will you encourage the patient to consume in your diet teaching?
Organs meats and beef
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Beans and beets
Turnips and cauliflower
A patient has been undergoing chemotherapy for treatment of breast cancer. The patient has started to exhibit early signs of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS). Which of the following findings correlates with TLS?
Phosphate level of 2.0
Phosphate level of 2.9
Phosphate level of 4.0
Phosphate level of 6.5
A patient with a magnesium level of 3.6 would exhibit which of the signs and symptoms EXCEPT?
Hypotension
Profound Lethargy
Respiratory failure
Hyperreflexia of the deep tendons
Magnesium is absorbed by what system of the body?
Gastrointestinal
Hepatic
Lymphatic
Renal
Which of the following patients is MOST at risk for hypermagnesemia?
A patient with alcoholism
A patient taking a proton-pump inhibitor called Protonix
A patient suffering from Crohn’s Disease
A patient with a magnesium level of 0.6 receiving IV magnesium sulfate
A patient is admitted to the ER. The patient receives dialysis on Tuesdays and Thursdays of every week, and presents with a palpable AV shunt (thrill present) in the left upper arm. The patient is extremely lethargic and family members are present to help answer questions. While collecting the patient’s medication history the daughter states her mother has been taking “a lot” of Maalox lately due to upset stomach. You note this to be a significant finding. Which of the following lab values correlates with this finding?
Magnesium level of 1.0
Magnesium level of 2.4
Magnesium level of 3.6
Magnesium level of 1.4
A patient is being discharged after being hospitalized with a Magnesium level of 0.7. After diet teaching with this patient, which statement by the patient warrants you to re-educate the patient?
“I love eating salads with kale and spinach”.
“I’m shocked mackerel contains magnesium”.
“I can’t believe I have to give up dark chocolate”.
“Tonight I’m cooking fried potatoes with a side dish of peas”.
A patient’s magnesium level is 0.9. The doctor orders Magnesium Sulfate IV. Which nursing intervention takes PRIORITY?
Assessing for hypertension
Monitoring deep tendon reflexes
Monitoring potassium levels
Monitoring skin turgor
Which arrhythmia is a patient who has a Mg+ level of 0.8 most likely to experience?
Heart block
Bradycardia
Torsades de pointes
Normal sinus rhythm
On admission, a patient blood alcohol limit is greater than 400 mg/dL. The patient reports drinking a 12 pack of beer on a daily basis. Which of the following conditions is this patient MOST at risk for?
Hypomagnesemia
Hypermagnesemia
Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
A patient has a Magnesium level of 1.3. Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of this condition?
Tall T-wave and depressed ST segment
Torsades de pointes
Positive Trouesseau’s and Chvostek’s
Absent deep tendon reflexes
A patient’s magnesium level is 3.0. The cater associate brings the patient a dinner tray. Which item on the tray would you remove to ensure the patient does not eat?
Macaroni
Tomatoes
Kale
Onions
A patient with a sodium level of 112 is taking Lithium. Which of the following is a nursing priority?
Hold further doses of Lithium
Monitor Lithium drug level due to risk of toxicity
Monitor potassium level due to increased risk of toxicity
No priority is need. 112 is a normal sodium level
A patient with a sodium level of 178 is ordered to be started on 0.45% Saline. What is the most IMPORTANT nursing intervention for this patient?
Maintain patent IV
Give rapidly to ensure fluids levels are shifted properly
Clarify doctor's order because 0.45% saline is contraindicated in hypernatremia
Give slowly and watch for signs and symptoms of cerebral edema
You have completed diet teaching with a patient who has hypernatremia. Which statement by the patient causes concern?
"I will buy fresh vegetables and fruits."
"I will avoid eating canned foods."
"I'm glad I can still eat sandwiches with bologna."
"I will avoid cooking with butter."
A patient with Cushing's Syndrome has been experiencing an infection and has a fever of 102'F. On assessment, you find the patient to be confused, restless, has dry mucous membranes, and flushed skin. Which finding below correlates with the presentation of this patient?
Sodium level of 144
Sodium level of 115
Sodium level of 170
Sodium level of 135
Which patient below is considered hypernatremic?
A patient with a sodium level of 155
A patient with a sodium level of 145
A patient with a sodium level of 120
A patient with a sodium level of 136
A patient with hypovolemic hyponatremia is started on IV fluids. Which of the following fluids do you expect the patient to be started on?
0.45% Saline
3% Saline
D5W
0.33% Saline
A patient has a sodium level of 119. Which of the following is NOT related to this finding?
Oversecretion of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
Low salt diet
Inadequate water intake
Hypotonic fluid infusion (overload)
A patient has a sodium level of 130. What is this condition called?
Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
Normal Sodium Level
Hypercalcemia
Which of the following is not a cause of hypocalcemia?
Low parathyroid hormone
Crohn's Disease
Acute Pancreatitis
Thiazide Diuretics
Stimulation of the facial nerve via the masseter muscle causes twitching of the nose/lips in hypocalcemia is known as?
Trousseau's Sign
Chvostek's Sign
Homan's Sign
Goodell's Sign
A patient's calcium level is 6.9. Which of the following is a nursing priority?
Initiate seizure precautions
Educate patient about foods rich in calcium
Administer Calcitonin
Administer Vitamin D supplements as ordered
A patient’s lab work shows that they have a high parathyroid hormone level. Which condition is the patient at risk for?
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
A patient's calcium level is 11.2. Which option below could be the cause?
None, 11.2 is a normal calcium level
Cushing's Syndrome
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hypoparathyroidism
A patient has a calcium level of 12.5. Which medication will most likely be ordered for this patient?
Calcium Chloride
10% Calcium Gluconate
Calcitonin
Hydrochlorothiazide
A patient is being discharged home after hospitalization with hypocalcemia. Which statement by the patient indicates she understood the dietary instructions?
"I will avoid sardines."
"I'll avoid salt and Vitamin-D supplements."
"I will tell my husband to only purchase skim milk."
"I will be sure to eat lots of cheese, tofu and spinach."
A patient is recovering from parathyroid surgery. Morning labs values are back. Which of the following lab values would correlate as a complication from this type of surgery?
Calcium 8.7
Calcium 12.5
Calcium 6.9
Calcium 9.2
A patient has a potassium level of 9.0. Which nursing intervention is priority?
Prepare the patient for dialysis and place the patient on a cardiac monitor
Administer Spironolactone
Place patient on a potassium restrictive diet
Administer a laxative
Which of the following is not a symptom of hyperkalemia?
Positive Chvostek’s sign
Decreased blood pressure
Muscle twitches/cramps
Weak and slow heart rate
Tall peaked T-waves, flat P-waves, prolonged PR intervals and widened QRS complexes can present in which of the following conditions?
Hypocalemia
Hypercalemia
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Which patient is at risk for hyperkalemia?
Patient with Parathyroid cancer
Cushing’s Syndrome
Patient with Addison’s Disease
Patient with breast cancer
A patient’s potassium level is 3.0. Which foods would you encourage the patient to consume?
Cheese, collard greens, and fish
Avocados, strawberries, and potatoes
Tofu, oatmeal, and peas
Peanuts, bread, and corn
A patient with nasogastric suctioning is experiencing diarrhea. The patient is ordered a morning dose of Lasix 20mg IV. Patient’s potassium level is 3.0. What is your next nursing intervention?
Hold the dose of Lasix and notify the doctor for further orders
Administered the Lasix and notify the doctor for further orders
Turn off the nasogastric suctioning and administered a laxative
No intervention is need the potassium level is within normal range
Which patient is at a potential risk for Digoxin toxicity?
A patient with Cushing’s syndrome taking Lasix 20 mg IV twice a day
A patient with a calcium level of 8.9
A patient with a potassium level of 3.8
A patient presenting with painful muscle spasms and positive Trousseau’s sign
A patient has a potassium level of 2.0. What would you expect to be ordered for this patient?
Potassium 30 meq IV push
Infusion of Potassium intravenously
An oral supplement of potassium
Intramuscular injection of Potassium
A patient with a potassium level of 2.1 has been taking Lasix daily. What medication will the patient most likely be switched to?
Spironolactone
None the patient will likely stay on the Lasix
Hydrochlorothiazide
Torsemide
When the cell presents with the same concentration on the inside and outside with no shifting of fluids this is called?
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Osmosis
Which of the following is not a hypertonic fluid?
3% Saline
D5W
10% Dextrose in Water (D10W)
5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer’s
What type of fluid would a patient with severe hyponatremia most likely be started on?
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Colloid
When administering a hypertonic solution the nurse should closely watch for?
Signs of dehydration
Pulmonary Edema
Fluid volume deficient
Increased Lactate level
A patient with cerebral edema would most likely be order what type of solution?
3% Saline
0.9% Normal Saline
Lactated Ringer’s
0.225% Normal Saline
_______ solutions cause cell dehydration and help increase fluid in the extracellular space.
Hypotonic
Osmosis
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Which solution below is NOT a hypertonic solution?
5% Dextrose in 0.9% Saline
5% Saline
5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer’s
0.33% saline (1/3 NS)
Which patient below would NOT be a candidate for a hypotonic solution?
Patient with increased intracranial pressure
Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Patient experiencing Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia
All of the options are correct
Which condition below could lead to cell lysis, if not properly monitored?
Isotonicity
Hypertonicity
Hypotonicity
None of the options are correct
________ fluids remove water from the extracellular space into the intracellular space.
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Colloids
Isotonic fluids cause shifting of water from the extracellular space to the intracellular space.
True
False
A patient is being admitted with dehydration due to nausea and vomiting. Which fluid would you expect the patient to be started on?
5% Dextrose in 0.9% Saline
0.33% saline
0.225% saline
0.9% Normal Saline
The doctor orders an isotonic fluid for a patient. Which of the following is not an isotonic fluid?
0.9% Normal Saline
Lactated Ringer's
0.45% Saline
5% Dextrose in 0.225% saline
