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Biology IX. Ecology

Total questions: 128

Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

•a distinct grouping of organisms characterized by their similar ecological roles or ways of making a living within an ecosystem.

a)

Family

b)

Genus

c)

Guild

d)

Taxon

2.

Number of individuals per species

a)

Species Evenness

b)

Species Composition

c)

Species Richness

d)

Species Abundance

3.

proportion of each species within the community relative to the total number of individuals

a)

Species Richness

b)

Species Abundance

c)

Relative Abundance

d)

Species Evenness

4.

metric used in ecology used to estimate species diversity

a)

Shannon-Warren Index

b)

Simson Diversity Index

c)

Shannon-Weiner Index

d)

Relative Abundance

5.

the collection of various organisms inhabiting a specific habitat or environment and their interactions with each other

a)

Ecosystem

b)

Community

c)

Population

d)

Habitat

6.

The change where in plants and animals replace eachother in an ecosystem

a)

Successibility

b)

Successive

c)

Succession

d)

Community Change

7.

The first organisms to colonize in a successional sequence following a disturbance or the formation of a new geologic surface

a)

Primary succession

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

pioneer colonizers

d)

pioneer community

8.

Change that occurs in an area that had previously been inhabited but experienced a disturbance

a)

Wildfire

b)

Disurbance

c)

Primary Succession

d)

Secondary Succession

9.

Communities' ability to withstand external changes without the ecosystem being significantly affected through loss of species and immigration of new species

a)

Tolerant model

b)

Resistant species

c)

Community Stability

d)

Climax Community

10.

Name the 3 mechanisms of ecological succession

4 lines
11.

What is the step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web?

a)

energy path

b)

food chain

c)

trophic level

d)

food pyramid

12.

Which type of pyramid shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic

level in an ecosystem?

a)

a numbers pyramid

b)

an energy pyramid

c)

a biomass pyramid

d)

a food pyramid

13.

The branch of biology that deals with the interactions among organisms

and between organisms and their environment.

a)

economy

b)

modeling

c)

recycling

d)

ecology

14.

What is the main source of almost all of the energy in ecosystems?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

sunlight

c)

water

d)

carbon

15.

What is the lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living

and nonliving factors?

a)

biome

b)

community

c)

ecosystem

d)

biosphere

16.

It is the process in the carbon cycle where the carbon is used to make sugar

(chemical energy).

a)

combustion

b)

photosynthesis

c)

digestion

d)

respiration

17.

What biogeochemical cycle is the most affected when burning fossil

fuels?

a)

carbon cycle

b)

nitrogen cycle

c)

phosphorus cycle

d)

water cycle

18.

Trophic level 1 in the food chain consists of:

a)

Decomposers

b)

Producers

c)

Primary consumers

d)

Secondary consumers

19.

The biotic components that can make their own food through

photosynthesis.

a)

Autotrophs

b)

Heterotrophs

c)

Sapothrops

d)

none of the above

20.

This the place where most of the Nitrogen can be found.

a)

Ocean

b)

Rocks

c)

atmosphere

d)

organism

21.

Which is the other term for biogeochemical cycle?

a)

Rock cycle

b)

Nutrient cycle

c)

water cycle

d)

gaseous cycle

22.

Which among the following is not a gaseous type of cycle?

a)

Carbon cycle

b)

Phosphorus cycle

c)

Nitrogen Cycle

d)

Sulfur cycle

23.

This step in the water cycle occurs when the water on the surface of

the Earth which can no longer be absorbed by the soil.

a)

Surface run – off

b)

Infiltration

c)

Transpiration

d)

Condensation

24.

This biome has no vegetation at all and has no precipitation all year

round.

a)

Dessert

b)

Tropical rainforest

c)

Savanna

d)

Grassland

25.

It consists of a group of organisms of the same species living in the

same area at the same time.

a)

population

b)

crowd

c)

community

d)

biome

26.

Which of the following forest types has a wide variety of species among all other types of forest ecosystems?

a)

TEMPERATE

b)

TROPICAL

c)

CONIFEROUS

27.

The type of forest dominated by cedar, Douglas fir, spruce, maple, cypress, pine, redwood, ferns, mosses.

a)

TEMPERATE

b)

TROPICAL

c)

CONIFEROUS

28.

It is the highest layer of the canopy structure of a rainforest which includes the tallest trees about 130 feet high from the forest floor.

a)

CANOPY

b)

EMERGENT

c)

UNDERSTORY

d)

FOREST FLOOR

29.

Which of the following is NOT a function of Forest biomes?

a)

Regulate water quantity and quality

b)

Absorbs Oxygen

c)

Provide homes for various tribes, varied plants and animals

d)

Carbon dioxide sinks

30.

A scientist took a picture of a deer, a black bear, and a squirrel in the wild. In which ecosystem did the scientist most likely take pictures?

a)

desert

b)

grassland

c)

forest

d)

mangroves

31.

What is a difference between the plant life of a rainforest and a deciduous forest?

a)

The deciduous forest has a warm climate year round, while the rainforest has hot and cold

b)

The deciduous forest has yearly cycles of plant growth due to the changes of seasons, while the rainforest remains hot and wet year round

c)

The deciduous forest remains hot and wet year round, while the rainforest has a yearly cycle of plant growth due to the four seasons

32.

Which forest ecosystem has all four seasons?

a)

Deciduous

b)

Coniferous

c)

Tropical

33.

Clearing a forest and replacing it with another type of land use such as agriculture or housing is called______.

a)

timber harvesting

b)

deforestation

c)

kaingin system

34.

Which of the following is an economic value of forests?

a)

They regulate the water cycle

b)

The decrease flooding incidents

c)

They provide wood and timber

35.

Boreal forests are also called ________.

a)

Tundra

b)

Taiga

c)

mangroves

36.

What do you call the species that first colonize the area which is formerly barren?

a)

Producers

b)

Pioneers

c)

Consumers

37.

During typhoon Odette, vast vegetations were damage and months after, the damaged vegetation gradually recover. What specific type of succession is being described?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Climax

38.

The moment an ecosystem have fully recovered and that plant and animal species are pretty much stable, this denotes that the community is already established. Which of the following terms refers to what has been described?

a)

Stability

b)

Equilibrium

c)

Climax

39.

A certain habitat has food and other resources which can support a population of 60 Orangutan. A foreigner visitor visited the area and bring with him 5 orangutans and release the said captives to that habitat. Thus situation implies that_________

a)

The carrying capacity has reached its limit

b)

The carrying capacity is about to reach its limit

c)

The carrying capacity is above its limit

40.

An area also called the sea shore, where land meets the ocean. Low and high tides occur here.

a)

Pelagic Zone

b)

Intertidal Zone

c)

Benthic Zone

d)

Abyssal Zone

41.

What ocean zone is completely dark, little or no nutrients, and you would find bio luminescent fish?

a)

Pelagic Zone

b)

Intertidal Zone

c)

Benthic Zone

d)

Abyssal Zone

42.

The measure of total salt content dissolved in water.

a)

Salination

b)

Brininess

c)

Iodized

d)

Salinity

43.
A large ecosystem is called a ______
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Habitat
c)
Biome
d)
Niche
44.
A large ecosystem is called a ______
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Habitat
c)
Biome
d)
Niche
45.

Which aquatic biome is characterized by where rivers meet oceans?

a)

Marine

b)

Freshwater

c)

Coral Reef

d)

Estuary

46.

In a coral reef, are the corals living organisms?

a)

Yes

b)

No

47.

The coral reef is found in which of the other biomes?

a)

Freshwater

b)

Marine

c)

Estuary

d)

Rainforest

48.

What are coral reefs often compared to?

a)

forests

b)

gardens

c)

rainforests

d)

deserts

49.

Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?

a)

Ohio

b)

Florida

c)

Canada

d)

Australia

50.

A coral reef provides ________ for small fish.

a)

something to look at

b)

shelter

c)

friends

51.

The coral reef is found in which of the other biomes?

a)

Freshwater

b)

Marine

c)

Estuary

d)

Rainforest

52.
What are the main biomes of the world?
a)
aquatic, forest, desert, grassland and tundra
b)
aquatic and tundra only
c)
deciduous and arctic only 
53.
Is it true that there are cold desert biomes?
a)
Yes
b)
NO
54.
Is there salt in freshwater biomes?
a)
yes
b)
no
55.
Where can I study world biomes, and eco-systems?
a)
the Internet
b)
Universities
c)
Community Colleges
d)
All of the above
56.
Do grassland biomes occur naturally?
a)
Yes
b)
NO
57.
What are the different kinds of marine biomes?
a)
 coral reefs, estuaries, and oceans
b)
rivers, lakes and oceans
58.
Is it true that ocean biomes contain a wider biodiversity than land biomes?
a)
yes
b)
no
c)
yes and no
59.
Are there any organizations devoted to the preservation of aquatic biomes?
a)
Greenpeace
b)
Give peace a chance
c)
NATO
60.
What is the difference between biomes and ecosystems?
a)
A biome is an ecosystem containing different plants, animals, and minerals indigenous to a specific geographic area. 
b)
An Ecosystem is where you go for clean water
61.
What are the different types of land biomes?
a)
Desert, Forest, Grassland, and Tundra
b)
deciduous, arctic, marine, wetlands
62.
Are ponds considered fresh water biomes?
a)
yes
b)
no
63.
What are chaparral biomes?
a)
The Chaparral biome is a coastal biome consisting mainly of evergreen shrubbery and other resilient plants
b)
The Chaparral biome is out west consisting of tumble weeds and cactus
64.
What are some of the vital resources of the tropical rain forest biomes?
a)
medicines
b)
rubber
c)
oils
d)
all of the above
65.
What are the main types of forest biomes?
a)
Boreal, tropical rainforests, and old growth rainforests
b)
Tiaga forests, chaparral, evergreen
66.
Are polar biomes the same as tundra biomes?
a)
polar biomes are the coldest of the tundra biomes
b)
No
67.
What are savanna biomes?
a)
grassland biomes
b)
tropical savanna
c)
both
68.

This is the study of the environment and the organisms living in it.

a)

Biology

b)

Ecology

c)

Meteorology

d)

Zoology

69.

The following are the biotic components in an ecosystem, except one;

a)

Water

b)

Producers

c)

Consumers

d)

Decomposers

70.

This type of consumer eats both plants and animals.

a)

Autotrophs

b)

Herbivores

c)

Carnivores

d)

Omnivores

71.

Below are the sub-types of a symbiotic relationship, except one;

a)

Competition

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Parasitism

72.

In this relationship only one specie gets benefited while the other is harmed.

a)

Competition

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Parasitism

73.

Identify what type of ecological relationship is being shown in the picture:

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

74.

Identify what type of ecological relationship is being shown in the picture;

a)

Competition

b)

Predation

c)

Mutualism

d)

Parasitism

75.

Identify what type of ecological relationship is being shown in the picture;

a)

Competitioon

b)

Predation

c)

Mutualism

d)

Commensalism

76.

Identify what type of ecological relationship is being shown in the picture;

a)

Competition

b)

Predation

c)

Mutualism

d)

Commensalism

77.

Identify what type of ecological relationship is being shown in the picture;

a)

Competition

b)

Predation

c)

Mutualism

d)

Parasitism

78.
A feeding relationship where one organism hunts and one is hunted.
a)
Commensalism
b)
Decomposistion
c)
Mutualism
d)
Predator-Prey
79.
An animal that hunts and consumes other organisms is known as a:
a)
Prey
b)
Decomposer
c)
Predator
d)
Commensalist
80.
An organism that helps to recycle nutrients within an ecosystem by eating dead or decaying organisms is a:
a)
Predator
b)
Autotroph
c)
Producer
d)
Decomposer
81.
The organism that is hunted and eaten in a particular feeding relationship is known as:
a)
Predator
b)
Decomposer
c)
Prey
d)
Autotroph
82.
A relationship that describe a close interaction between two different species is known as what?
a)
Biodiversity
b)
Symbiosis
c)
Predation
d)
Emigration
83.
This is known as a relationship in which one organism benefits, while the other is unaffected.
a)
Parasitism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Immigration
d)
Commensalism
84.
A clownfish uses a sea anenome as a safe place to live. While living there, the clownfish lures in food for the anenome. This is an example of what type of relationship?
a)
Predator-Prey
b)
Commensalism
c)
Mutualism
d)
Parasitism
85.
A mosquito feeds off of the blood of different organisms. This usually causes discomfort to the organism and sometimes disease and death. This is an example of:
a)
Parasitism
b)
Decomposition
c)
Commensalism
d)
Mutualism
86.
This is known as a relationship in which both organisms involved benefit. 
a)
Predator-Prey
b)
Commensalism
c)
Mutualism
d)
Decomposition
87.
A feeder fish usually follows behind sharks to pick up food scraps that they leave behind. The fish gets food and the shark is unaffected. This is an example of:
a)
Mutualism
b)
Commensalism
c)
Parasitism
d)
Decomposition
88.
A relationship between two organisms where one benefits while the other is harmed is known as what?
a)
Decomposition
b)
Consummerism
c)
Mutualism
d)
Parasitism
89.
An organism that needs to use chemicals to make its own food is known as a(n):
a)
Heterotroph
b)
Autotroph
c)
Decomposer
d)
Consumer
90.
An organism that eats other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Mutualist
b)
Autotroph
c)
Producer
d)
Heterotroph
91.
This term describes a living part of an environment.
a)
Biotic factor
b)
Sunlight
c)
Abiotic Factor
d)
Niche
92.
Non-living components of an environment are considered to be:
a)
Biotic Factors
b)
Heterotrophs
c)
Abiotic factors
d)
Decomposers
93.
Barnacles sometimes live on the outside surface of other larger shelled organisms without causing any harm. What is the ecological relationship?
a)
Mutualism
b)
Parasitism
c)
Commensalism
d)
Predator-Prey
94.

What is the first level in a food chain?

a)

Producer level

b)

Secondary consumer level

c)

Tertiary consumer level

d)

Decomposer level

95.

What are organisms that consume producers known as?

a)

Herbivores

b)

Omnivores

c)

Carnivores

d)

Producers

96.

What is an animal that eats both plants and animals called?

a)

Producer

b)

Herbivore

c)

Carnivore

d)

Omnivore

97.

What do decomposers eat?

a)

Non-living material

b)

Animals

c)

Plants

d)

Producers

98.

In a food chain, what does the arrow point to?

a)

Predator

b)

Consumer

c)

Prey

d)

Producer

99.

What is an animal that eats other animals called?

a)

Prey

b)

Predator

c)

Producer

d)

Decomposer

100.

Why are most food chains quite short?

a)

Due to energy loss at each step

b)

Due to too much energy

c)

Due to lack of energy

d)

Due to too many organisms

101.

What is a network of many food chains called?

a)

Food web

b)

Food chain

c)

Producer network

d)

Consumer chain

102.

What happens when the number of carnivores in a community increases?

a)

Carnivore population decreases

b)

Herbivore population increases

c)

Balance is maintained

d)

Plants disappear

103.

What is the relationship between carnivores and herbivores in a community?

a)

They help each other

b)

They limit each other's population

c)

They have no interaction

d)

They compete for food

104.

What happens if one part of a food chain alters?

a)

Nothing changes

b)

Only that part is affected

c)

The whole food chain is affected

d)

New organisms appear

105.

What is the final level in a food chain?

a)

Decomposer level

b)

Secondary consumer level

c)

Producer level

d)

Tertiary consumer level

106.

What is the second level in a food chain?

a)

Producer level

b)

First consumer level

c)

Decomposer level

d)

Tertiary consumer level

107.

What is the third level in a food chain?

a)

Producer level

b)

Secondary consumer level

c)

Decomposer level

d)

Tertiary consumer level

108.

What is the example of a simple food chain given in the text?

a)

Cow → Grass → Human

b)

Human → Grass → Cow

c)

Human → Cow → Grass

d)

Grass → Cow → Human

109.

an organism that gets energy from eating other things

a)

consumer

b)

producer

c)

energy pyramid

d)

decomposer

110.

an organism that makes its own food

a)

consumer

b)

producer

c)

herbivore

d)

omnivore

111.

an organism that eats only plants

a)

carnivore

b)

herbivore

c)

omnivore

112.

an organism that eats only meat

a)

carnivore

b)

herbivore

c)

omnivore

113.

an organism that eats both plants and animals

a)

carnivore

b)

herbivore

c)

omnivore

114.

shows one possible flow of energy

a)

food web

b)

food chain

c)

energy pyramid

115.

shows all possible flows of energy

a)

food web

b)

food chain

c)

energy pyramid

116.

shows how energy is passed from one organism to the next

a)

food web

b)

food chain

c)

energy pyramid

117.
A third-level consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
118.
In a food web, arrows point at:
a)
who gets energy.
b)
who gets eaten.
119.
Which of the following is a herbivore?
a)
cricket
b)
frog
c)
hawk
d)
shrew
120.
If the grasshopper were to be removed completely from the food web, what organism would be most effected?
a)
The squirrel
b)
The shrew
c)
The deer
d)
The rabbit
121.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse
122.
Which organism in this food chain is a secondary consumer?
a)
Fish
b)
Grass
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Hawk
123.
Which organism in this food chain is a tertiary consumer?
a)
Fish
b)
Grass
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Hawk
124.
In this food pyramid, which level has the greatest amount of energy?
a)
Producers
b)
Primary Consumers
c)
Secondary Consumers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
125.
How much energy is passed from one trophic level to the next?
a)
1%
b)
10%
c)
50%
d)
100%
126.
an organism that can produce its own food through photosynthesis
a)
consumer
b)
heterotroph
c)
autotroph
d)
herbivore
127.
An organism that eats the secondary consumer.
a)
Primary Consumer
b)
Secondary Consumer
c)
Tertiary Consumer
d)
Consumer
128.
Organisms which carry out the process of decomposition by breaking down dead or decaying organisms.
a)
Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Decomposer
d)
Herbivore

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