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Biology II. Cell Theory and Cell Cycle

Total questions: 123

Worksheet time: 2hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which molecules act as gatekeepers for each checkpoint of the cell cycle?

a)

p53 gene

b)

cyclins and cycline-dependent kinases

c)

thyroid hormones

2.

What is the purpose the the cell cycle checkpoints?

a)

To repair damaged cells before they enter cell division.

b)

To remove damaged cells from an organism.

3.

How many cell cycle checkpoints are there?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

4.

What is the first checkpoint of the cell cycle?

a)

Mitosis checkpoint

b)

G1 checkpoint

c)

G2 checkpoint

5.

When is apoptosis initiated?

a)

When DNA damage is repaired.

b)

When cells are removed from the cell cycle.

c)

When DNA damage cannot be repaired.

6.
Uncontrolled cell division is stopped by...
a)
tumor suppressor genes
b)
oncogenes
7.
Which is an example of a tumor suppressor gene?
a)
apoptosis
b)
proto-oncogenes
c)
p53
d)
oncogenes
8.
p53 activates which of the following?
a)
Tumor suppressor genes
b)
cell cycle
c)
DNA repair proteins
d)
uncontrolled cell division
9.
This is the cell cycle checkpoint that makes sure environmental conditions are ideal for cell survival.
a)
G1 Checkpoint
b)
G2 Checkpoint
c)
M Checkpoint
d)
I Checkpoint
10.
This is the cell cycle checkpoint that makes sure DNA has been replicated correctly during S phase.
a)
G1 Checkpoint
b)
G2 Checkpoint
c)
M Checkpoint
d)
I Checkpoint
11.
This is the cell cycle checkpoint that makes sure the correct number of chromosomes are present and attached to microtubules.
a)
G1 Checkpoint
b)
G2 Checkpoint
c)
M Checkpoint
d)
I Checkpoint
12.
The checkpoints that regulate the cell cycle can fail when ____ becomes damaged.
a)
DNA 
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Ribosomes
13.

Name the 3 checkpoints of the cell cycle

a)

Anaphase checkpoint, mitosis/metaphase checkpoint, and telophase checkpoint

b)

Interphase checkpoint, S phase checkpoint, and M phase checkpoint

c)

G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and S phase checkpoint

d)

G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and mitosis/metaphase checkpoint

14.

A disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth.

a)

growth factor

b)

human growth hormone

c)

cancer

d)

tumor

15.

Proteins that direct cells to speed up or slow down the cell cycle.

a)

growth factor

b)

human growth hormone

c)

cancer

d)

tumor

16.

Which one of these is characteristic of cancer cells?

a)

They undergo apoptosis.

b)

They do not respond to growth inhibitors

c)

They respond to growth inhibitors.

17.

Which is a function of cyclins?

a)

Cyclins are carbohydrates that regulate DNA replication during the mitosis phase of the cell cycle.

b)

Cyclins are glycoproteins that repair DNA in the beginning of cell cycle.

c)

Cyclins are proteins that regulate when and how often a cell divides.

18.
Which of the following is a type of protein that regulates the cell cycle? 
a)
actin 
b)
myosin 
c)
cyclin 
d)
pepsin 
19.

Cancer promoting substances are called:

a)

Tumors

b)

Carcinogens

c)

Cyclins

d)

Malignant

20.
Which phrase best describes cancer?
a)
absence of cyclins
b)
multiple gene mutations
c)
uncontrolled cell growth
d)
precesnce of genetic defects
21.

Who stated that cell comes from pre-existing cell?

a)

Matthias Schleiden

b)

Theodor Schwann

c)

Rudolf Virchow

d)

John Needham

22.

This term means life comes from non-life

a)

Abiotic

b)

Spontaneous Generation

c)

Abiogenesis

d)

Biogenesis

23.

He refuted spontaneous generation.

(a)  

24.

This early cell theory scientist looked in a microscope and discovered "animalcules" in the gunk from his teeth and pond water.

a)

Schleiden

b)

Leeowenhoek

c)

Hooke

d)

Virchow

e)

Schwann

25.

Who discovered and named cells while looking at cork?

a)

Captain Hook

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Matthais Schleiden

d)

Rudolf Virchow

26.

Who noted that all animals are made of cells and helped write the first two parts of cell theory?

a)

Rudolf Virchow

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Theodor Schwann

d)

Robert Hooke

27.

Who discovered that all cells come from other living cells and had research that lead to the last major principle of cell theory?

a)

Matthias Schleiden

b)

Theodore Schwann

c)

Robert Hooke

d)

Rudolf Virchow

28.

Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Theodor Schwann, Rudolf Virchow, and Matthias Schliden were all responsible for what theory?

a)

The Theory of Gravity

b)

The Theory of Relativity

c)

The Cell Theory

d)

The Theory of Continental Drift

29.

is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.

(a)  

30.

is one half of a duplicated chromosome.

(a)  

31.

TOTAL NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES FOR SOMATIC CELLS.

(a)  

32.

TOTAL NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES IN GERM CELL.

(a)  

33.

It Is often referred to as the resting phase.

(a)  

34.

IDENTIFY THE RESTRICTION POINT IN INTERPAHSE

DNA DAMAGE CHECKPOINT

a)

G1

b)

SYNTHETIC

c)

G2

d)

G0

35.

It Is a plasma membrane invagination at the cell division site during CYTOKINESIS.

(a)  

36.

IDENTIFY THE PHASES OF MITOSIS

NUCLEOLI REAPPEAR AND CELL CONTINUES TO ELONGATE

a)

METAPHASE

b)

ANAPAHSE

c)

TELOPAHSE

d)

PROPHASE

37.

IDENTIFY THE PHASES OF MITOSIS

SEPARATION OF SISTER CHROMATIDS

a)

PROPHASE

b)

TELOPHASE

c)

METAPHASE

d)

ANAPHASE

38.

It is also referred to as the resting stage of mitosis cell division.

(a)  

39.

CELL DIVISION THAT REDUCES CHROMOSOME TO ONE-HALF

(a)  

40.

HOMOLOGY SEARCH

a)

LEPTOTENE

b)

ZYGOTENE

c)

DIAKINESIS

d)

PACHYTENE

41.

SITE OF CROSSING OVER

(a)  

42.

IDENTIFY THE SUBPHASE OF PROPHASE 1 SHOWN IN THE PICTURE

(a)  

43.

What chromosome is affected in down syndrome?

NUMBER ONLY

(a)  

44.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromosomes in Prophase?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

42

e)

56

45.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromosomes after one round of cell division (mitosis)?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

42

e)

56

46.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromatids in anaphase?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

42

e)

56

47.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromatids in prophase?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

42

e)

56

48.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromatids after two rounds of mitotic cell division?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

49.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many centromere in prophase?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

50.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many centromere in metaphase?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

51.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many centromere after two rounds of mitotic cell division?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

52.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromosomes in anaphase I?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

53.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromosomes in prophase II?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

54.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromosomes after first round of cell division (meiosis)?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

55.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromatids in anaphase II?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

56.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromatids in prophase I?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

57.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromatids after first round of meiotic division?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

58.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many centromere in prophase II?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

59.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many centromere in metaphase II?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

60.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many centromere after first round of meiotic division?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

61.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromatids in metaphase I?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

62.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many centromere in anaphase II?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

112

e)

56

63.

Using the chromosome number of Azadirachta indica (2N= 28), how many chromosomes in Anaphase?

a)

0

b)

14

c)

28

d)

42

e)

56

64.

What is replicated in S phase of Interphase?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Cell

c)

DNA

d)

Nucleus

65.

DNA is replicated during which phase of Interphase?

a)

M Phase

b)

Cell Division

c)

G2 Phase

d)

S Phase

66.

Interphase is preparing the cell for...

a)

Cell division

b)

cell fragmentation

c)

cell deterioration

d)

cell proliferation

67.

During M phase, what is being divided?

a)

Cell

b)

DNA

c)

RNA

d)

Chromosomes

68.

Which phase is demonstrated in the image?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

69.

Which phase is demonstrated in the image?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

70.

Which phase is demonstrated in the image?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

71.

Which phase is demonstrated in the image?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

72.
The longest phase of the cell cycle 
a)
prophase
b)
interphase
c)
metaphase
d)
mitosis
73.
Put the following stages of the cell cycle in order: G2, S, G1, M. 
a)
G1, S, G2, M
b)
S, G1, G2, M
c)
G1, M, G2, S
d)
M, G1, S, G2
74.

Which of these lists presents the stages of the cell cycle in the correct order?

a)

interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

b)

cytokinesis, mitosis, interphase

c)

mitosis, interphase, cytokinesis

d)

interphase, cytokinesis, mitosis

75.

What does DNA determine?

a)

traits of living things

b)

traits of nonliving things

c)

organization of living things

d)

Did Not Attempt

76.

Which part of the Cell Cycle takes the longest?

a)

Interphase

b)

Mitosis

c)

Prophase

d)

Cytokinesis

77.

Any cell undergoing the cell cycle is also called __________.

a)

somatic cells

b)

stem cells

c)

germ cells

d)

gametes

78.
During what phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?
a)
Interphase
b)
M phase
c)
S phase
d)
G2 phase
79.
During which parts of the cell cycle does the cell grow?
a)
G1 and G2
b)
G1 and S
c)
M phase and cytokinesis
80.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
81.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Interphase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Telophase
82.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
83.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
84.
What is shown in the picture?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Cytokinesis
85.
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
a)
To create new daughter cells
b)
To prevent cancer from developing
c)
To help the body fight viruses and bacteria
86.

The phase of mitosis when chromosomes align in the

middle is called ________

a)

anaphase

b)

prophase

c)

telophase

d)

metaphase

87.

The first phase of mitosis is called _______________ .

a)

telophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

prophase

88.

The stage of mitosis where the sister chromatids separate:

a)

prophase

b)

anaphase

c)

telophase

d)

metaphase

89.
In what phase does chromatin condense to form chromosomes?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Prophase
d)
Anaphase
90.
Which of the following phrases best describes cytokenesis
a)
division of the cytoplasm
b)
division of the nucleus
c)
division of DNA
d)
division of surface area
91.

In a human diploid (2n) cell containing 46 chromosomes, mitosis results in the formation of two diploid daughter cells containing ____ chromosomes.

a)

92

b)

23

c)

46

d)

0

92.

Which statement correctly describes mitotic cell division?

a)

Two identical daughter nuclei are formed.

b)

Two genetically different daughter nuclei are formed.

c)

Four haploid cells are formed.

d)

Four identical daughter nuclei are formed.

93.

The two resulting cells of mitosis are ______

a)

different from the starting cell and identical to each other.

b)

different from the starting cell and different from each other.

c)

identical to the starting cell and different from each other.

d)

identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.

94.

Which type of cell division is responsible for body repair and growth?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis I

c)

Meiosis II

d)

None of the choices is correct

95.

Which of the following cells is an example of a diploid cell?

a)

egg cell

b)

sperm cell

c)

skin cell

d)

gametes

96.

How many chromosomes do humans have?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

92

d)

54

97.

Body cells are also known as __________.

a)

sex cells

b)

somatic cells

c)

gametes

d)

egg cells

98.

Which of the following processes do not belong to INTERPHASE?

a)

G1

b)

Synthesis

c)

Anaphase

d)

G2

99.

Which of the following is the longers phase in the cell cycle?

a)

Prophase

b)

Interphase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Cytokinesis

100.

_____ is a phase in the cell cycle where the cell is not dividing, not replicating, and not growing.

a)

G0

b)

G1

c)

G2

d)

S

101.

Which phase in the interphase does DNA replication happen?

a)

G1

b)

G0

c)

S

d)

G2

102.

At which checkpoint does the cell check for errors in the copied DNA sequence?

a)

G1 checkpoint

b)

Metaphase checkpoint

c)

G2 checkpoint

d)

Synthesis Checkpoint

103.

At which stage of Mitosis do chromosomes align at the middle of the cell?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

104.

At which stage of Mitosis do the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate ?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

105.

What stage of mitosis is shown in the picture?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

106.

The cells produced during cell division are called ________.

a)

Sister cells

b)

Brother cells

c)

Daughter cells

d)

Cousin cells

107.

________ is a unique event in Meiosis I that involves close association between homologs.

a)

Synapsis

b)

DNA Replication

c)

DNA recombination

d)

Interphase

108.

_______ refers to the exchange of genetic material between the members homologous pair.

a)

Synapsis

b)

Crossing Over

c)

Interphase

d)

DNA Replication

109.

At the end of Meiosis, there will be two (2) haploid daughter cells.

a)

True

b)

False. There will be four (4) haploid daughter cells.

c)

False. There will be two (2) diploid daughter cells.

d)

False. There will be four (4) diploid daughter cells.

110.

At the end of Meiosis there will be two (2) haploid daughter cells.

a)

True

b)

False. There will be 4 diploid daughter cells.

c)

False. There will be 4 haploid daughter cells

d)

False. There will be 2 diploid daughter cells.

111.

Meiosis involves the following cells, EXCEPT ________.

a)

gametes

b)

somatic cells

c)

sperm cells

d)

egg cells

112.

MItosis will produce two (2) genetically identical daughter cells.

a)

True

b)

False. Mitosis will produce four genetically identical daughter cells.

c)

False. Mitosis will produce two (2) genetically different daughter cells.

d)

False. Mitosis will produce four (4) genetically different daughter cells.

113.

In Meiosis, the four (4) daughter cells will have 46 chromosomes each.

a)

True

b)

False. In Meiosis, the four (4) daughter cells will have 23 chromosomes each.

c)

False. In Meiosis, the two (2) daughter cells will have 23 chromosomes each.

d)

False. In Meiosis, the two (2) daughter cells will have 46 chromosomes each.

114.

Mitosis is most similar to ___________.

a)

Meiosis I

b)

Meiosis II

c)

Crossing over

d)

Independent assortment

115.

Which of the following are true of meiosis? Select all that apply!

a)

It results in four cells

b)

It results in two cells

c)

The daughter cells are genetically identical

d)

The daughter cells are genetically unique

e)

The daughter cells are haploid

116.

Crossing over occurs between _________.

a)

Sister chromatids

b)

Non-sister chromatids from different homologous pairs

c)

Non-sister chromatids from the same homologous pair

d)

Homologous chromosome pairs

117.

What is the spot where crossing over occurs?

a)

Chiasma

b)

Bivalent

c)

Centromere

d)

Kinetochore

e)

Centrosome

118.

_____ are separated during Meiosis I, and _____ are separated during Meiosis II.

a)

Chromosomes; spindle fibers

b)

Non-sister chromatids; sister chromatids

c)

Sister chromatids; homologous pairs

d)

Homologous pairs; sister chromatids

119.

Which letter(s) in the diagram correspond to cells that are haploid?

a)

A only

b)

B only

c)

C only

d)

A and B

e)

C and B

120.

When does crossing over occur?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Prophase I

e)

Anaphase II

121.

When does independent assortment occur?

a)

In mitosis

b)

In metaphase I

c)

In metaphase II

d)

In metaphase I and II

122.

Meiosis I results in _________.

a)

2 diploid daughter cells

b)

2 haploid daughter cells

c)

4 diploid daughter cells

d)

4 haploid daughter cells

123.

Meiosis II results in _________.

a)

2 diploid daughter cells

b)

2 haploid daughter cells

c)

4 diploid daughter cells

d)

4 haploid daughter cells

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