Free Printable 1.3 Scientific Thinking and Processes + 2.2 Properties of Water

1.

The flower is 8 cm tall.

a)

qualitative data

b)

quantitative data

2.

The center of the flower is yellow and fuzzy.

a)

qualitative data

b)

quantitative data

3.

The flower has 25 petals.

a)

qualtitative data

b)

quantitative data

4.

The bearded iris smells sweet.

a)

qualitative data

b)

quantitative data

5.

My cat is twelve years old.

a)

Qualitative data

b)

Quantitative data

6.

I caught a fifteen foot shark.

a)

Qualitative data

b)

Quantitative data

7.

Which observation is quantitative?

a)

It is 5 cm long

b)

It is smooth

c)

It looks red

d)

It is dry

8.

Your teacher has asked you to explain the difference between quantitative and qualitative observations. Which statement is correct?

a)

Quantitative observations use numbers, qualitative uses the senses.

b)

Quantitative observations use the senses, qualitative uses numbers.

c)

Quantitative observations use measurement, qualitative uses numbers.

d)

Quantitative observations use colors, qualitative uses the senses.

9.

What is a hypothesis?

a)

the thing changed on purpose in the experiment

b)

an explanation about what you observed

c)

using your 5 senses to gather data

d)

an educated guess about the outcome of an experiment

10.

What two words should be in your hypothesis?

a)

I think

b)

If ...then...

c)

It will

d)

No idea

11.

When is a hypothesis written?

a)

before you decide on a question

b)

after the experiment

c)

before the experiment

d)

after the conclusion

12.

The independent variable is

a)

the part the scientist measures

b)

the part the scientist changes or is testing

c)

a letter

13.

The dependent variable is the part

a)

the letter in the equation

b)

the part being changed

c)

the part being measured

14.

A hypothesis is never wrong.

a)

True

b)

False

15.

"We ran laps in PE, and now I am super sweaty."

What is the dependent variable?

a)

Running laps

b)

Being sweaty

c)

Me

16.

A scientist hypothesizes the the temperature at which an alligator's egg is incubated will determine whether the alligator will be male or female. The independent variable is

a)

the male alligators

b)

the gender of the alligator

c)

the temperature

d)

the incubator

17.

A scientist hypothesizes the the temperature at which an alligator's egg is incubated will determine whether the alligator will be male or female. The dependent variable is

a)

the temperature

b)

the size of the baby alligators

c)

the incubator

d)

the gender of the baby alligators

18.

A prediction about a question an experimenter has before conducting an experiment.

a)

Observation

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Data

d)

Homeostasis

19.

Measurable results of an experiment based on the variable that was changed.

a)

Scientific Theory

b)

Organism

c)

Independent Variable

d)

Dependent Variable

20.

Part of an experiment that is changed by the scientist.

a)

Scientific theory

b)

Controls/Constant

c)

Dependent Variable

d)

Independent Variable

21.

Part of an experiment that scientist keeps the same so as to not have erroneous data.

a)

Observation

b)

Experimental Group

c)

Independent Variable

d)

Controls/Constants

22.

The group in an experiment that is exposed to the independent variable

a)

Experimental Group

b)

Control group

c)

Scientific theory

d)

Analyze

23.

The group that is used as a comparison to note whether the independent variable did affect the subject of the experiment or not.

a)

Control Group

b)

Independent Variable

c)

Experimental Group

d)

Infer

24.

Erin is testing to see how different amounts of nitrogen infused in the soil will impact the height of her corn plants. She puts two corn plants into two pots. One is filled with nitrogen infused soil and the other is not. She puts the regular soil pot outside and the nitrogen infused plant in her bathroom. The corn in the regular soil grows to 7 feet tall and the corn in the nitrogen soil grows to 2 feet tall.

What is her independent variable?

a)

Regular soil

b)

Nitrogen infused soil

c)

How tall the plants grow

d)

The plant in the bathroom

25.

Erin is testing to see how different amounts of nitrogen infused in the soil will impact the height of her corn plants. She puts two corn plants into two pots. One is filled with nitrogen infused soil and the other is not. She puts the regular soil pot outside and the nitrogen infused plant in her bathroom. The corn in the regular soil grows to 7 feet tall and the corn in the nitrogen soil grows to 2 feet tall.

What is the dependent variable?

a)

The regular soil

b)

The nitrogen infused soil

c)

The height of the plants

d)

The plant in the bathroom

26.

Erin is testing to see how different amounts of nitrogen infused in the soil will impact the height of her corn plants. She puts two corn plants into two pots. One is filled with nitrogen infused soil and the other is not. She puts the regular soil pot outside and the nitrogen infused plant in her bathroom. The corn in the regular soil grows to 7 feet tall and the corn in the nitrogen soil grows to 2 feet tall.

Which part of the experiment did she mess up on?

a)

She does not have a control group

b)

She does not wait long enough for growth

c)

She does not keep everything constant

d)

She should know that nitrogen hurts plants

27.

A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

a)

Observation

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Principle

d)

Inference

28.

An idea based on scientific rules and laws that is generally accepted by scientists.

a)

Observation

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Principle

d)

Inference

29.

Information obtained through the senses.

a)

Observation

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Principle

d)

Inference

30.

An observation that has been confirmed many times and is accepted as true

a)

Scientific Theory

b)

Principle

c)

Scientific Law

d)

Fact

31.

A series of steps used to solve a scientific problem

a)

Scientific Theory

b)

Scientific Method

c)

Scientific Law

d)

Scientific Principle

32.

In an experiment the group that serves as a standard for comparison and receives no experimental treatment.

a)

Dependent Variable

b)

Experimental Group

c)

Independent Variable

d)

Control Group

33.

The condition that does not change in an experiment.

a)

Data

b)

Inference

c)

Variable

d)

Constant

34.

Which of the following is qualitative

a)

sour taste

b)

27 degrees Celsius

c)

the mass of a apple is 230 grams

d)

the pH of rain water is about 5.5

35.

Identify the following statement as qualitative or quantitative:

Air is 21% Oxygen

a)

qualitative

b)

quantitative

36.

A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge

a)

observation

b)

data

c)

inference

d)

explanation

37.

Explanation for a broad range of observations or experiments

a)

Law

b)

Theory

c)

Hypothesis

d)

Data

38.

What two elements make up water?

a)

Helium and oxygen

b)

Hydrogen and oxygen

c)

helium and carbon

d)

oxygen and carbon

39.

What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?

a)

cohesion

b)

adhesion

c)

capillary action

d)

surface tension

40.

Why does ice float?

a)

As water freezes, the molecules spread out decreasing its density.

b)

As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.

c)

As water freezes, air gets trapped making it more dense

d)

As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to be more dense

41.

Water is a universal solvent because it...

a)

It can be found anywhere

b)

It freezes when it gets cold

c)

Floats when frozen

d)

Dissolves more substances than anything else

42.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to dissolve in water?

a)

nonpolar fats and oils

b)

polar sugar molecules

c)

salt made of a positive sodium ion and a negative chloride ion

d)

all of the substances will dissolve easily in water

43.

Why does water move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

a)

Water is pushed by solutes

b)

Capillary action pulls the water molecules up like a chain

c)

Water is pulled by gravity

d)

Water cannot move up roots to leaves

44.

A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7

a)

Acid

b)

Alkaline

c)

Base

d)

Buffer

45.

A(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.

a)

Base

b)

Acid

c)

Buffer

d)

Water

46.

What is the only substance with a neutral pH of 7?

a)

Milk

b)

Orange Juice

c)

Water

d)

Blood

47.

Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?

a)

Ice is colder than liquid water.

b)

Ice is less dense than liquid water.

c)

Ice is more dense than liquid water.

d)

Ice is warmer than liquid water.

48.

Many fish and aquatic plants can survive a cold winter because the layer of ice that forms at the top of the lake insulates the water below and prevents the lake from freezing solid. What unique property of water contributes to this effect?

a)

Water absorbs heat when it evaporates and forms a gas

b)

Water expands and becomes less dense when it freezes.

c)

Water molecules completely separate into ions in solutions.

d)

Water forms hydrogen bonds with ions and other polar substances.

49.

Which term refers to water having a slightly positive and a slighty negative charge on its ends?

a)

cohesion

b)

surface tension

c)

polar

d)

adhesion

50.

Surface tension is caused by ...

a)

strong cohesion between water molecules

b)

strong adhesion between the water molecules

c)

condensation

d)

water cycle

51.

The hydrogen atoms in a water molecule are ________________ charged.

a)

not

b)

negatively

c)

neutrally

d)

positively

52.

What molecule is this?

a)

calcium

b)

hydrogen

c)

helium

d)

water

53.

A paperclip floating on water is an example of what property of water?

a)

capillary action

b)

surface tension

c)

universal solvent

d)

specific heat index

54.

Water drops being attracted to each other is an example of ____________.

a)

capillary action

b)

adhesion

c)

specific heat index

d)

cohesion

55.

Water has an unusually high specific heat. What does this mean?

a)

At its boiling point, water changes from liquid to vapor.

b)

A large amount of heat is required to raise the temperature of water.

c)

Ice floats in liquid water.

d)

Salt water freezes at a lower temperature than pure water.

e)

Floating ice can insulate bodies of water.

56.

What property of water causes these Alka-Seltzer tablets to dissolve?

a)

Universal Solvent

b)

Expansion Upon Freezing

c)

Cohesive Behavior

d)

High Specific Heat

57.

What property of water allows for water to act as a temperature regulator for the world?

a)

Cohesive Behavior

b)

Expansion Upon Freezing

c)

High Specific Heat

d)

Universal Solvent

58.

What property of water results in the accumulation of small amounts of water into larger amounts of water? The results in the rivers, lakes, streams, and even the oceans.

a)

Cohesive Behavior

b)

Expansion Upon Freezing

c)

Ability to Moderate Temperature

d)

Universal Solvent

59.

The ability of water molecules to stick to each other, creating surface tension is called:

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Insulation

d)

Ph

60.

Which statement explains why water molecules stick together?

a)

both sides are negative

b)

one side has a positive charge and the other side has a negative charge

c)

one side has a negative charge adn the other side has a neutral charge

d)

both sides are positive

61.

Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?

a)

The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together

b)

The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet

c)

The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface

d)

The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next

62.

Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?

a)

Water is an acid.

b)

Water is a versatile solvent.

c)

Water has a high heat capacity.

d)

Water acts as a buffer.

63.

Water is a universal solvent because it...

a)

It can be found anywhere

b)

It freezes when it gets cold

c)

floats when frozen

d)

Dissolves most substances

64.

Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?

a)

the oxygen end

b)

the hydrogen end

c)

both ends are slightly positive

d)

neither end is positive

65.

hydrogen bonds

a)

bonds created by sharing electrons

b)

a weak bond between two molecules created by opposite charges

c)

sticking together of particles of the same substance

d)

property of molecules sticking to other materials due to polarity

66.

Which is considered neutral?

a)

pH of 4

b)

pH of 9

c)

pH of 14

d)

pH of 7

67.

Tomato juice has a pH of 4. Determine if it's an acid, base, or neutral.

a)

acid

b)

base

c)

neutral

68.

Household bleach has a pH of 12. Determine if it's an acid, base, or neutral.

a)

acid

b)

base

c)

neutral

69.

Attractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are called

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Polar bonds

d)

Hydrogen bonds

70.

Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?

a)

Water is an acid.

b)

Water is a versatile solvent.

c)

Water has a high heat capacity.

d)

Water acts as a buffer.

71.

What does "like dissolves like" mean?

a)

polar solvents dissolve in polar solutes

b)

polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents

c)

non-polar solvents dissolve in polar solutes

d)

non-polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents

72.

The ___ does the dissolving, while the ____ gets dissolved.

a)

solvent, solute

b)

solute, solvent

c)

solute, solution

d)

solution, solute

73.

Which of the following has a different polarity than water?

a)

salt

b)

sugar

c)

vinegar

d)

oil

74.

Kool-Aid - Powder, sugar, and water

Identify the solvent

a)

water

b)

powder

c)

sugar

d)

powder and sugar

1.3 Scientific Thinking and Processes + 2.2 Properties of Water

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 2hrs 13mins

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