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Astronomy Part 1 Test Review

Total questions: 77

Worksheet time: 2hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the Big Bang Theory primarily a theory of?

a)

The end of the universe

b)

How the universe evolved

c)

The creation of black holes

2.
Giant clouds of gas and dust. Stars can be born and die here.
a)
light year
b)
Nebula
c)
Cometr
d)
Asteroid
3.
A gigantic explosion that cause the death of a massive star is
a)
Nebula
b)
light year
c)
Comet
d)
Supernova
4.
The Milky Way is what type of galaxy?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular
5.
What is a light-year?
a)
distance between two stars
b)
distance light travels in one year
c)
the time it takes light to travel 300,000,000 meters
d)
the time it takes light to travel to Earth from the Sun
6.

Which of the following is evidence for the Big Bang Theory?

a)

the planets orbit the sun

b)

the universe is expanding

c)

Earth's surface is 71% water

d)

the universe is shrinking

7.

Complete the sentence: Objects are red-shifted when they are moving ____________, causing the wavelengths of light to ______________.

a)

towards us, decrease

b)

away from us, increase

c)

away from us, decrease

d)

towards us, increase

8.

Which piece of evidence supports this claim: The universe is expanding

a)

cosmic microwave background

b)

the abundance of elements in the universe

c)

red-shift from distant galaxies

9.

According to spectra what two elements make up most of the universe?

a)

Hydrogen and Helium

b)

Nitrogen and Oxygen

c)

Lithium and Potassium

d)

Silver and Gold

10.
Are any of the galaxies moving towards Earth?  Explain.
a)
A.  It is redshifted
b)
B. It is redshifted.
c)
C. It is blue shifted.
d)
A. It is blueshifted.
11.

Cosmic Background Radiation is...

a)

the remaining energy from the big bang.

b)

incredibly hot.

c)

visible to the human eye.

d)

only located in certain places in the universe.

12.
The universe is expanding.  This means that:
a)
Galaxies are getting bigger.
b)
Atoms are getting bigger.
c)
The universe is creating more matter.
d)
The amount of space between galaxies is increasing.
13.
This is a picture of:
a)

The Cosmic Background Radiation

b)
The Milky Way.
c)
The universe in the future.
d)
A redshifted star.
14.

What is a galaxy?

a)

Like a solar system, but made of dust

b)

A cluster of thousands of stars all floating together in space

c)

A cellphone made by the Nokia company

d)

A grouping of hundreds of millions of stars held together by gravity

15.
What type of galaxy is this?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular 
d)
Irrational
16.
What type of galaxy is this?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular
d)
Irrational
17.
What type of galaxy is this?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular
d)
Irrational
18.

Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

a)

green

b)

yellow

c)

violet

d)

red

19.

As the sun ages it will be composed of

a)

more oxygen and less carbon

b)

less oxygen and more carbon

c)

more hydrogen and less helium

d)

more helium and less hydrogen

20.

The timeline below represents time from the present to 20 billion years ago. Letters A, B, C, and D represent specific times.

Which letter on the timeline best represents the time when scientists estimate that the Big Bang occurred?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

21.

Compared to the spectral lines observed in the laboratory, the spectral lines observed in the light from the distant star have shifted toward the

a)

red end of the spectrum, which indicates that the star is moving away from Earth

b)

red end of the spectrum, which indicates that the star is moving toward Earth

c)

blue end of the spectrum which indicates that the star is moving away from Earth

d)

blue end of the spectrum which indicates that the star is moving toward Earth

22.

Compared to the sun a white dwarf star is

a)

hotter and larger

b)

hotter and smaller

c)

cooler and smaller

d)

cooler and larger

23.

The dependent varaible of an H-R diagram relates to the

a)

the size of the star

b)

the brightness of the star compared to our sun

c)

the color of the star

d)

the temperature of the star

24.

Which star has a surface temperature most similar to the surface temperature of Alpha Centauri B?

a)

Altair

b)

Betelgeuse

c)

Procyon B

d)

Pollux

25.

The Sun is inferred to spend the greatest amount of time in its life cycle

a)

contracting from a gas cloud (nebula)

b)

changing from a giant star to a white dwarf star

c)

moving away from the main sequence and becoming a giant star

d)

as a main sequence star

26.

Which sequence of stars is listed in order of increasing luminosity?

a)

Barnards Star, Alpha Centauri A, Rigel, Spica

b)

Spica, Rigel, Deneb, Betelgeuse

c)

Procyon B, Sun, Sirius, Betelgeuse

d)

Wolf 359, Deneb, Canopus, Antares

27.

Energy is produced in the cores of main sequence stars when

a)

cosmic background radiation is absorbed

b)

lighter elements undergo fusion into heavier elements

c)

heavier elements undergo fusion into lighter elements

d)

cosmic background radiation is released

28.
What is the distance from the peak of one wave to the next peak?
a)
Amplitude
b)
Frequency
c)
Period
d)
Wavelength
29.
What is the number of waves that pass a point in one second?
a)
Amplitude
b)
Frequency
c)
Period
d)
Wavelength
30.

Which color has the highest frequency?

a)

Blue

b)

Green

c)

Yellow

d)

Red

31.
High frequency waves have _________ wavelengths.
a)
varying
b)
long
c)
the same
d)
short
32.

What is the Doppler Effect?

a)

A change in frequency due to the relative motion of a wave source and an observer

b)

When a wave overlaps with another wave

c)

When a wave bounces off of another object

d)

When a wave bends due to traveling through a different medium

33.
Energy is created in the core when two _____________ atoms join together to form a ______________ atom.
a)
helium, hydrogen
b)
carbon, hydrogen
c)
nitrogen, helium
d)
hydrogen, helium
34.
Light travels in ....
a)
Longitudinal Waves
b)
Transverse Waves
35.
The energy from the sun is created by a process called:
a)
nuclear fission
b)
nuclear fusion
c)
nuclear reaction
d)
nuclear core
36.

What element can be found on a star that is emitting this spectrum (type your answer with all lower case letters)

(a)  

37.

What element can be found on a star that is emitting this spectrum (type your answer with all lower case letters)

(a)  

38.

O stars are ____ in color.

a)

Red-Yellow

b)

Green-Yellow

c)

Blue-White

d)

Brown

39.

What is the Spectral Type of the Sun?

a)

A

b)

M

c)

Binary

d)

G

40.

If a yellow spectral line in a star is Doppler shifted toward the orange part of the spectrum. The source is ____

a)

Moving towards you.

b)

Moving northward relative to you.

c)

Moving away from you.

d)

Moving only in the plane of the sky.

41.

How many protons are in Gold

a)

79

b)

197

c)

118

d)

276

42.

How many electrons are in Potassium

a)

19

b)

39

c)

20

d)

58

43.

How many neutrons are in Tungsten

a)

110

b)

74

c)

183

d)

258

44.

What is the label A?

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

d)

nucleus

45.

A subatomic particle that has a negative charge is called --

a)

a proton

b)

a neutron

c)

an electron

d)

the nucleus

46.

Light elements such as hydrogen and helium are formed through the process of __________ nucleosynthesis.

a)

big bang

b)

stellar

c)

fusion

d)

supernova

47.

A reaction in which two or more nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei.

a)

combustion

b)

nuclear fission

c)

nuclear fusion

d)

nuclear synthesis

48.

Elements bigger than Iron are formed through _______.

a)

big bang nucleosynthesis

b)

nuclear fusion

c)

stellar nucleosynthesis

d)

supernova nucleosynthesis

49.

If visible light is recorded to have a wavelength of 6.0 x 10 ², what color would this be

a)

Blue

b)

Green

c)

Yellow

d)

Orange

50.

This type of star forms when a massive star collapses.

a)

Black Hole

b)

Protostar

c)

Neutron Star

d)

Pulsar

51.

An explosion in which some of the outer layers of a very massive star are blown away

a)

Nebula

b)

Main Sequence

c)

Protostar

d)

Supernova

52.

Low mass stars such as our SUN get swollen and expand into __________ after using up the hydrogen in their core.

a)

red giants

b)

supergiants

c)

white dwarfs

d)

protostars

53.
This is released from a red giant star when the star can't hold on to its outer layer
a)
Supernova
b)
White dwarf
c)
Black hole
d)
Planetary Nebula
54.
What fuel do stars use? 
a)
Oxygen
b)
Hydrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Iron
55.
The path a star takes during its life cycle depends solely on its _____.
a)
temperature
b)
luminosity
c)
mass
d)
location
56.
More massive stars continue to fuse elements in their cores all the way up to...
a)
helium (He)
b)
iron (Fe)
c)
carbon (C)
d)
plutonium (Pu)
57.

Our sun is currently in what star stage?

a)

Protostar

b)

Nebula

c)

Main Sequence

d)

Red Giant

58.

Which fusion of elements does Iron come from?

a)

carbon fusion

b)

neon fusion

c)

magnesium fusion

d)

silicon fusion

59.

In main sequence star, Hydrogen fuses and converted to Helium. What element is produced from Helium gas at its core?

a)

carbon

b)

iron

c)

neon

d)

silicon

60.

The largest element that any star can create is _______.

a)

Iron

b)

Helium

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Uranium

61.
The category that contains the most stars is...
a)

Main Sequence

b)

Supergiants

c)

Giants

62.

What is the relationship between luminosity and a star's radius?

a)

brighter stars have a bigger radius

b)

dimmer stars have a bigger radius

63.

Shorter wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation have ______ energy than longer wavelengths.

a)

less

b)

more

64.

How do scientists know that stars are moving?

a)

The Doppler Effect

b)

Emission Lines

c)

Radio Waves

d)

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

65.

What unit is frequency reported in?

a)

meters/second

b)

meters

c)

Hertz

d)

seconds/meter

66.

What happens to wavelength as energy is increased?

a)

Nothing

b)

Decreases

c)

Increases

67.
After leaving the main sequence small stars become
a)
Red Giants
b)
Red Super Giants
c)
White Dwarfs
d)
Black Dwarfs
68.
A shift toward longer wavelengths of the spectral lines emitted by a celestial object that is caused by the object moving away from the earth.
a)
White Shift
b)
Black Shift
c)
Blue Shift
d)
Red Shift
69.

What causes a protostar to collapse?

a)

Solar Radiation

b)

Gravity

c)

Nova explosins

d)

Conservation of momentum

70.

What is the classification of stars on the HR Diagram

a)

ABCDEFG

b)

OBAFGKM

c)

MKGFABO

71.
The illustration provided shows four locations in or near the Milky Way Galaxy. Which of the labeled locations shows the approximate position of the Sun?
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
72.

For main sequence stars, the _________ the luminosity, the ___________ the temperature.

a)

greater, lower

b)

greater, higher

c)

lower, higher

73.

What is the spectral class our Sun is in?

a)

O

b)

M

c)

G

d)

F

e)

A

74.
If an object has a luminosity of 7.5, this means...
a)
the object is 7.5 times brighter than the sun.
b)
the object is 7.5% brighter than the sun
c)
the object has a redder color than the sun.
d)
the object is 7.5 times smaller than the sun.
75.

What stage is at the beginning of each star?

a)

average star

b)

stellar nebula

c)

planetary nebula

d)

supernova

76.
The coldest stars belong to which spectral classification?
a)
O
b)
F
c)
G
d)
M
77.

Most stars fall into which group on the HR diagram?

a)
main sequence
b)
nebulae
c)
white dwarfs
d)
red giants

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