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MS Full Year Cumulative Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 3hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The summary at the end of an experiment that explains the results is... 
a)
conclusion
b)
procedures
c)
materials
d)
responding variable
2.
A testable prediction about a scientific investigation is a(n)
a)
Question
b)
Observation
c)
Hypothesis
d)
Experiment
3.

The variable that is being measured or observed is called the _______________. Hint: this is the variable that is the result or effect

a)

independent variable

b)

dependent variable

c)

control variable

4.

A general statement that describes a patterns that are often observed in nature.

a)

logical law

b)

civil law

c)

moral law

d)

scientific law

5.
When experimenting with the growth of a plant, a scientist uses three (of the same type of) plants, two different fertilizers, equal light, and equal water. What type of variable is the fertilizer?
a)
Dependent
b)
Independent
c)
Control
d)
Compound
6.

Anything that can change in an experiment.

a)

variables

b)

constant

c)

independent

d)

dependent

7.

Using any of your 5 senses to describe the world around you.

a)

Observation

b)

Inference

c)

Prediction

d)

Logical Theory

8.
What is an inference? 
a)
Just a random guess
b)
A prediction or logical conclusions about our observations
c)
The same as an observation
d)
deciding if an observation is qualitative or quantitative
9.

A student wants to test how different amounts of UV light affect the growth of the bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. She wants to grow the bacteria in petri dishes for her experiment. Which of the following variables should NOT be held constant in this experiment?

a)

amount of UV light bacteria is exposed to

b)

amount of time to grow bacteria

c)

location of petri dishes while growing bacteria

d)

type of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus)

10.

A qualitative observation is ________.

a)

Describing qualities and characteristics

b)

A guess you make using an observation

c)

Numbers and labels

d)

What is kept the same in an experiment

11.

Levels of Organization

a)

Atoms, Molecules, Cells, Tissue, Organs, Body Systems, Organisms

b)

Atoms, Organs, Body Systems, Organisms , Cells, Tissue,

c)

Organs, Body Systems, Organisms, Atoms, Molecules, Cells,

d)

Organisms, Molecules, Cells, Tissue, Organs, Body Systems,

12.

What is the hydrophobic effect?

a)

The attraction of hydrophobic molecules to water

b)

The tendency of water to repel nonpolar substances

c)

The dispersion of hydrophilic molecules in water

d)

The ability of water to form hydrogen bonds with amphiphiles

13.
What is the diffusion of water?
a)
osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
facilitated diffusion
14.
Which type of movement requires energy?
a)
osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
facilitated diffusion
15.
Which type of movement has channels that help large molecules move through the cell membrane?
a)
active transport
b)
diffusion
c)
osmosis
d)
facilitated diffusion
16.
Which type of movement goes from low to high concentration?
a)
active transport
b)
diffusion
c)
osmosis, 
d)
facilitated diffusion
17.

What type of solution is a cell in when it gets bigger than normal while in tap water?

a)

hypertonic

b)

isotonic

c)

hypotonic

18.

What type of solution is a cell in when it shrinks while in salt water?

a)

hypertonic

b)

isotonic

c)

hypotonic

19.
What type of solution is a cell in when it stays the same size?
a)
hypertonic
b)
isotonic
c)
hypotonic
20.

This structure regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.

a)

cell membrane

b)

equilibrium

c)

passive transport

d)

diffusion

21.

What molecule is pictured?

a)

Integral Protein

b)

Carbohydrate chain

c)

Phospholipid

22.
The picture is an example of...
a)
Active transport
b)
Passive transport
c)
Simple diffusion
d)
Osmosis
23.
Another term for equilibrium is...
a)
Equality
b)
Babycakes
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Balance
24.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
25.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
26.

The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer. What does "bilayer" mean?

a)

one layer

b)

two layers

c)

laminated

d)

bilateral

27.

Large oval structure that acts as the control center of the cell, directing all of the cells’ activities

a)

Vacuole

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Nucleus

28.

Rod-shaped organelles that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Golgi Apparatus

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

29.

Organelle in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell

a)

Golgi Apparatus

b)

Lysosome

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Chloroplast

30.

Which organelle produces the energy a cell needs to carry out its function

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Golgi Bodies

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleus

31.

What is the function of the Vacuoles

a)

Store food, water and waste

b)

Receive proteins

c)

Assembles amino acids

d)

Found inside the nucleus

32.

Small membrane covered compartments that transport substances

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vesicles

33.

The picture below is an example of _________________.

a)

osmosis

b)

isotonic

c)

diffusion

d)

active transport

34.

The cell membrane helps to maintain homeostasis by ...

a)

regulating what enters and leaves the cell.

b)

fighting foreign substances that enter the cell.

c)

providing a rigid support system for the cell.

d)

assisting the cell in movement

35.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

36.

In the cell pictured, where would water move? 

a)

Into the cell, causing it to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing it to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, causing the shape to stay the same

37.

Which organelle is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

lysosome

d)

chloroplast

38.

The tough outer barrier of some cells, holds the shape and protects the cell

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosomes

39.
The site of photosynthesis
a)
ribosome
b)
mitochondria
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
40.
Cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles are called ____________________.
a)
prokaryotes
b)
eukaryotes
c)
bacteria
d)
protists
41.

"Small organs" of the cell that carry out specific functions

a)

Organelles

b)

Organs

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Cell

42.
An organism made of one cell is called
a)
unicellular organism
b)
multicellular organism
43.

What is NOT a part of cell theory:

a)

all cells come from existing cells

b)

all cells have a nucleus

c)

all living things are made of cells

d)

cells are basic unit of structure and function in living things

44.

what is the function of a lysosome?

a)

To create energy for the cell

b)

To command the cell what to do

c)

To remove waste using digestive enzymes from the cell

d)

To protect the cell

45.

What important material is contained in the nucleus?

a)

Jeans

b)

Digestive enzymes

c)

DNA

d)

Nuclear ladders

46.

DNA is an acronym for _____

a)

Diphosphorus Nucleic Acid

b)

Ribose Nucleic Acid

c)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

d)

Deoxyribonucleic Acetate

47.

A nucleotide is composed of

a)

A phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous base

b)

A protein, protein and Guanine

c)

A phosphate, Adenine, and nitrogenous base

d)

A protein, Adenine and nitrogenous base

48.

Which of the following is a base pair?

a)

Adenine - Cytosine

b)

Cytosine - Thymine

c)

Deoxyribose - Cytosine

d)

Cytosine - Guanine

49.

The backbone of DNA is made of

a)

base pairs

b)

sugars and phosphates

c)

only sugars

d)

only phosphates

50.

DNA is arranged into a ________- _________ shape.

a)

double-helix

b)

single-helix

c)

diamond

d)

circular

51.
What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'
a)
5'-TACGGTA-3'
b)
3'-TACGGTA-5'
c)
3'-ATGGCAT-5'
d)
5'-ATGGCAT-3'
52.
Assume that you have straight hair and your sibling has curly hair. What accounts for this difference?
a)
You have DNA and your sibling does not.
b)
The your sequence of nitrogen bases is different than your sibling.
c)
Your sibling has a weave. 
d)
Your sibling has a genetic mutation. 
53.

What is it called when DNA makes a copy of itself?

a)

Translation

b)

Replication

c)

Mitosis

d)

Gene therapy

54.

What is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein called?

a)

RNA

b)

replication

c)

gene

d)

protein

55.
The following picture must be
a)
DNA because it's double stranded
b)
RNA because it's single stranded
c)
DNA because it's single stranded
d)
RNA because it's double stranded
56.

When does DNA Replication occur?

a)

Just before the cell divides

b)

Just after the cell divides

c)

The M phase

d)

The S phase

57.

Genotype or phenotype: Rr

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

58.

genotype or phenotype: Blue eyes

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

59.

Which is homozygous dominant?

a)

Rr

b)

tt

c)

PP

d)

Ww

60.

Which is homozygous recessive?

a)

ee

b)

Hh

c)

PP

d)

Vv

61.

How much does each box in the punnet square account for?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

62.

Big (B) is dominant over small (b). What percent of the offspring will be small?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

63.

an observable characteristic

a)

trait

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

DNA

64.

A version or variation of a gene

a)

trait

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

DNA

65.

Humans have _______ pairs of chromosomes, for a total of _______ chromosomes.

a)

10, 20

b)

25, 100

c)

23, 46

d)

46, 92

66.

In the food web above, what organism is missing from this food chain:

Grass --> Slug --> ________ --> Hawk

a)

Vole

b)

Frog

c)

Insect

d)

Thrush

67.

Organisms that obtain energy by feeding on other organisms

a)

Producer

b)

Consumer

c)

Decomposer

68.
Which of these statements is true about plants?
a)
they are producers
b)
they need water and carbon dioxide
c)
they need sunlight
d)
all of these statements are true
69.
What is another word for producer?
a)
autotroph
b)
heterotroph
c)
consumer
d)
decomposer
70.
What is another word for consumer?
a)
autotroph
b)
heterotroph
c)
producer
d)
decomposer
71.

large areas of similar ecosystems

a)

astrodomes

b)

food chain

c)

biomes

d)

food web

72.

Consider the energy pyramid.

Why are there very few organisms toward the top of the pyramid?

a)

Organisms at the top of the pyramid can only generate energy directly from the sun.

b)

There is much less energy available at the top of the pyramid.

c)

Organisms at the top of the pyramid are preyed upon by many other organisms.

d)

There is too much energy available at the top of the pyramid.

73.

When energy is passed in an ecosystem from one trophic level to the next, only ___ percent of the energy will be passed on.

a)

1

b)

10

c)

100

d)

50

74.
Which type of consumer eats meat only?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivores
c)
Carnivores
d)
Omnivores
75.

What percent of the energy in an organism is lost to heat?

a)

50%

b)

10%

c)

90%

d)

1%

76.

What is an Omnivore?

a)

Animal that eats only plants

b)

Animal that eats both plants and meat

c)

Animal that eats only meat

d)

Plants that make their own food

e)

None of the above

77.

In this food web, the gray fox is a...

a)

Primary Consumer

b)

Secondary Consumer

c)

Both a Primary Consumer and a Secondary Consumer

d)

Producer

78.

What type of consumer is the shrew?

a)

herbivore

b)

omnivore

c)

carnivore

d)

detritivore

79.
A diagram  that shows how much energy is available at each feeding level in an ecosystem is a(n)
a)
food chain
b)
food web
c)
water cycle
d)
energy pyramid
80.

In this food web, which of the following organisms eats the largest variety of different producers?

a)

Mouse

b)

Grasshopper

c)

Dragonfly

d)

Butterfly

81.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
82.
Change over time
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Evolution
83.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
84.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
85.

Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis (hip) bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

a)

vestigial structure

b)

analogous structure

c)

homologous structure

86.
Where humans have bred organisms together based on traits we like.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction 
d)
Artificial Selection
87.
Genetic differences between organisms of the same species
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
88.
An error in DNA copying that results in a new trait
a)
Homeostasis
b)
Mutation
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Selective Breeding
89.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
90.
  Notice the similarities of a shark and dolphin.  If these similarities developed by  common life experiences and not by common ancestry, which of the following vocabulary words would best describe them?
a)
a.  Vestigial Organ
b)
  b.  Embryological Similarities
c)
c.  Homologous Structures
d)
d.  Analogous Structures
91.
Analogous structures show common ancestry.
a)
True
b)
False
92.

Species not closely related evolve similar traits due to their similar environment

a)

Convergent evolution

b)

divergent evolution

c)

parallel evolution

93.

a trait that gives an organism an advantage in their particular environment

a)

overproduction

b)

adaptation

c)

selection

d)

variation

94.

The more offspring an organism has the greater the odds that a few of them will survive, reproduce and pass on those traits

a)

overproduction

b)

variation

c)

selection

d)

adaptation

95.

What is the study of chemical processes in living things?

a)

Biochemistry

b)

Paleontology

c)

Morphology

d)

Biogeography

96.

The Galápagos finches evolved through natural selection from a common ancestor into a wide variety of different looking species.

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Coevolution

97.

Whales, sharks, and penguins all have streamlined bodies and fins/flippers for moving in water even though they belong in different classes of animals (mammals, fish, and birds)

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Coevolution

98.

Ants are the correct size and weight needed to open the flowers for the peony plant. The peony plant provides food for the ant and the ant fertilizes the peony’s flowers

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Coevolution

99.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
100.

All rabbits of the same species living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)

a)

population

b)

species

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

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