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WorksheetsScience Inquiry Revision
Total questions: 57
Worksheet time: 32mins
What type of investigation involves collecting data in a natural setting by means of behavioral observations or self-report methods?
Observational
Experimental
Qualitative
Quantitative
What is the purpose of scientific methods in investigations?
To obtain measurable evidence
To create theories
To develop hypotheses
To analyze data
Which of the following is included in data analysis?
Identification and discussion of trends
Use of descriptive statistics
Calculations of means and medians
All of the above
What should be used to make and justify conclusions?
Evidence and scientific understanding
Personal opinions
Random guesses
Unverified data
What is required from individuals or their legal guardians before participating in research?
Informed consent
Financial contribution
Marketing approval
Technological expertise
For what purpose should data be used in research or treatment?
Only for the purpose for which consent has been obtained
For any purpose deemed necessary by the researcher
For marketing and promotional activities
For technological development
Which of the following is a key component of a research hypothesis?
A testable prediction
A detailed literature review
An extensive bibliography
A marketing plan
What is the role of a control group in an experiment?
To serve as a baseline for comparison
To receive the experimental treatment
To analyze the data
To develop new hypotheses
Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research?
Focus on numerical data
Use of statistical analysis
Exploration of phenomena in natural settings
Emphasis on controlled experiments
What is a common method for ensuring the reliability of a research study?
Replication of the study
Increasing the number of variables
Using a smaller sample size
Changing the hypothesis frequently
Which of the following is a characteristic of quantitative research?
Focus on numerical data
Exploration of phenomena in natural settings
Use of open-ended questions
Emphasis on subjective interpretation
What is the primary goal of ethical guidelines in research?
To protect the rights and welfare of participants
To increase the financial gain of researchers
To promote the marketing of research findings
To ensure the use of advanced technology
Which of the following is a method to ensure participant confidentiality in research?
Using pseudonyms or codes instead of real names
Publishing participant names in reports
Sharing data with unauthorized parties
Storing data in unsecured locations
What is a common method for ensuring the validity of a research study?
Using a control group
Increasing the sample size
Conducting a pilot study
Using random sampling
Which of the following is a primary characteristic of experimental research?
Manipulation of variables
Use of case studies
Focus on historical data
Emphasis on participant observation
What is a common method for reducing bias in research studies?
Random assignment
Using a small sample size
Ignoring outliers
Changing the research question
What is a common method for ensuring the external validity of a research study?
Using a diverse sample
Conducting a meta-analysis
Using a small sample size
Ignoring confounding variables
What is the term for 'a prediction or educated guess on what is going to be the outcome of the investigation'?
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Aim
Hypothesis
Which variable do we manipulate or change?
The independent variable
The dependent variable
extraneous variables
controlled variable
The variable that is being measured or impacted by the independent variable is known as the ......
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
Dependent variable
Controlled variable
In an experiment studying the impact of meditation on stress, the control group should:
meditate more often than the experimntal group
be able to choose whether to meditate or not
meditate as often as the experimental group
not meditate at all
In an experiment, the ____________ variable is tested (manipulated) by the researcher to observe its effect(s) on the _____________ variable.
first; second
independent; dependent
dependent; independent
research; results
in an experiment, DEBRIEFING of participants most likely includes information such as:
each participant's own results in the study
the number of hours participants will be expected to participate
the procedures that will be required fo participants during the experiment
the individual results of the other participants in the study
The experimental group is:
Study in which neither the experimenter nor the subjects know if the subjects are in the experimental or control group
study in which the subject do not know if they are in the experimental group or control group
subjects in an experiment who are not subjected to the independent variable and may receive a placebo treatment
the group to which the researchers manipulate the independent variable
What is the purpose of controlled variables
To control what happens in the investigation
To make the investigation valid
To make the investigation reliable
Debriefing includes
Explaining the true nature and aims of the study
Providing time to ask questions
How the data will be stored or used
All of the above
Typically, _________________ is provided before the study begins in the form of a signature on a detailed form explaining the study the participant will take part in.
a code of ethics
informed consent
right to withdraw
debriefing
Which ethical principle states participants should be free to leave the research setting whenever they wish.
informed consent
withdrawal
confidentiality
debriefing
Experiments allow a causal relationship to be established between IV and DV
true
false
Using a observational design a psychologist investigate the effects of sleep quality on decision making when driving using a simulator. Identify the pre-existing variable.
Decision making
Driving ability
Simulator driving ability
Sleep quality
The main purpose of focus group is......
to draw upon respondents' attitudes
feelings
beliefs
All of the above
Identify the formula for the mean
Mean = sum of all values/number of values
Mean = the middle number two numbers divided by two
Mean = adding all the numbers together
What is a hypothesis?
an educated guess
an absolute solution
a random guess
an experiment
Which is NOT a step of the scientific method?
Hypothesis
Problem
Count items
Draw Conclusions
What is a theory?
a guess on how something works
a tested conclusion accepted as true
a story explaining how the world works
an assumption
What is a sample in research?
the whole target population
a piece of food you get to try
an educated guess
only part of the target population
Dr. Mattar is interested in knowing more about brain injury to the occipital cortex, and he studies patients individually in order to gain in-depth knowledge about their behaviors. These studies would best be described as ________.
case studies
correlational
cross-sectional
surveys
A group of researchers investigated the effects of two vocabulary learning strategies on word retention two weeks later. In this example, learning strategy is the (a) variable and word retention is the (b) variable.
What is the range of the following: 12, 25, 33, 40, 80?
68
98
33
38
An upper-level psychology class is conducting an experiment on racial prejudice that involves having participants rate the likeability of faces in a set of photos. However, they tell participants that the study is about the effects of aging on likeability. When participants are finished, they are thanked for their time and leave the experiment. In this example, the class forgot to (a) in order to resolve the (b) in the study.
Which of the following is a research method?
Correlation
Matched-pairs
Randomization
Brain Imaging
What kind of relationship?
Positive Correlation
Negative Correlation
No Relationship
What kind of relationship?
Positive Correlation
Negative Correlation
No Relationship
What kind of relationship?
Positive Correlation
Negative Correlation
No Relationship
Which of the following is the mean for the data set: 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8, 15?
4
7
9
In experimental studies which group receives nothing? In other words, they do not get the variable that is under study.
Experimental group
Control group
the way a researcher selects participants from a population
Correlation
Sampling
Variable
Placebo effect
Cardinal rule of naturalistic observation:
Setting up dependent and independent variables
Research and find enough participants
Not disturbing participants in the study
Getting enough different age groups for study
Match the following parts of an experiment set up
things kept the same in an experiment
controlled variables
factor the experimenter changes
independent variable
factor that is measured
dependent variable
does NOT receive the experiment treatment
control group
procedure done to test a hypothesis
experiment
