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Unit 4 review

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Question Image

Match the following parts of Translation in the picture.

a)

A

1.

Ribosome

b)

B

2.

Protein

c)

C

3.

Amino Acid

d)

D

4.

tRNA

e)

E

5.

mRNA

2.
Question Image

Match the letters in the diagram to what each represents in the process of protein synthesis

a)

A

1.

DNA

b)

B

2.

mRNA

c)

C

3.

Protein

3.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

A

1.

The Cell

b)

B

2.

The Nucleus

c)

C

3.

Chromosome

d)

D

4.

DNA

e)

E

5.

Gene

4.

Organize these options into the right categories. Does the term match TRANSCRIPTION or TRANSLATION?

Categorize the following

DNA turns into mRNA

mRNA turns into a protein

Happens in the nucleus

Happens in the cytoplasm

The ribosome builds proteins

The first step of protein synthesis

The second step of protein synthesis

tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome

Transcription
Translation
5.

Which of the following is the complementary DNA sequence to this DNA strand:
AGCTTATCGG

a)

TCGAATAGCC

b)

UCGAAUAGCC

c)

GACAATCGTT

6.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand:
AGCTTATCGG

a)

TCGAATAGCC

b)

UCGAAUAGCC

c)

GACAATCGTT

7.
Question Image

Match the letters in the diagram to what each represents in the process of protein synthesis

a)

Process 1

1.

Transcription

b)

Process 2

2.

Translation

c)

Location X

3.

Nucleus

d)

Location Y

4.

Cytoplasm

8.

Identify the types of mutations in the pictures

a)

1.

Substitution

b)

2.

Inversion

c)

3.

Deletion

d)

4.

Insertion

9.

Which amino acid is made by the codon CCA?

a)

Proline

b)

Threonine

c)

Glutamine

d)

Asparagine

10.

DNA replication would have to occur in the

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleolus

11.

Which molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome?

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

the rough ER

d)

rRNA

12.

Which of the following is a type of RNA?

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

All of these are types of RNA

13.

Which organelle contains rRNA and reads the mRNA to synthesize a protein?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

14.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

15.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
16.

What type of RNA is shown in this image?

a)

rRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

tRNA

17.

What is the role of RNA?

a)

It helps in the digestion of proteins.

b)

It uses coded DNA instructions to direct production of proteins.

c)

It is the master blueprint for cellular function.

d)

It acts as a storage molecule for genetic information.

18.

What happens during RNA transcription?

a)

DNA is replicated to form a new strand of DNA.

b)

mRNA is decoded to make a protein.

c)

DNA makes a copy of itself.

d)

DNA is used to make an mRNA to carry a message to the ribosome.

19.

What is the process called when mRNA is decoded to make a protein?

a)

DNA Replication

b)

RNA Transcription

c)

Translation

d)

Protein Synthesis

20.

During protein synthesis, what is the function of tRNA?

a)

It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

b)

It transcribes DNA into mRNA.

c)

It forms the structure of ribosomes.

d)

It modifies mRNA before translation.

21.

Where does tRNA attach to the mRNA?

a)

At the ribosome

b)

At the amino acid

c)

At the anticodon

d)

At the codon

22.

tRNA molecules match the mRNA codons with a(n):

a)

Codon

b)

Anti-Codon

c)

Intron

d)

Methylated Cap

23.

Translation is a process that produces

a)

mRNA

b)

chromosomes

c)

proteins

d)

tRNA

24.

As the MRNA and TRNA meet in the ribosomes, amino acids bond together making​ ​a​ ​ (a)   AKA protein

Choose from the below words
polypeptide chain
codon
anticodon
gene
25.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU 
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
26.

What is the order for Protein Synthesis?

a)

Transcription -> Translation -> Protein

b)

Translation - > Transcription -> Protein

c)

Protein -> Transcription -> Translation

d)

Translation -> Protein -> Transcription

27.
Which amino acid is coded from the mRNA codon:
AGU
a)
Arginine
b)
Serine
c)
Leucine
d)
Glycine
28.
What amino acid is represented by the codon CAG?
a)
Aspartic Acid
b)
Histidine
c)
Glutamine
d)
Methionine
29.
Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon GUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Leucine
c)
Serine
d)
Valine
30.

What does semi-conservative mean?

a)

both strands are old

b)

one strand is old and one strand is new

c)

both strands are new

d)

both strands are half made

31.

The picture below shows the steps of DNA replication beginning with step one and ending with step three.


​Because you are reusing the old, or parent, DNA strand DNA replication is said to be

a)

Semi- Conservative

b)

Semi-discontinuous

c)

Continuous

d)

Fully-Conserveative

32.
If you are missing or have an extra base  at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?
a)
Substitution
b)
Frameshift
c)
Duplication 
d)
Insertion
33.
Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?
a)
Insertions only
b)
Substitution only
c)
Deletion only
d)
Insertions and Deletions
34.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
35.
What is a Gene?
a)
A segment of RNA that encodes for a protein
b)
A chromosome
c)
A segment of DNA that encodes for a protein
d)
Your genome
36.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
37.

Which statement best defines a mutation?

a)

a physical trait that negatively impacts the organism

b)

an adaptive trait that allows the individual to be better fit for survival

c)

a change in the order, number, or type of bases in the genetic code

d)

an identical copy of the original DNA strand

38.

______________________________________ is a type of chromosomal mutation when part of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.

a)

duplication

b)

translocation

c)

subtraction

d)

deletion

39.

This type of chromosomal mutation produces an extra copy of all or part of the chromosome:

a)

multiplication

b)

replication

c)

duplication

d)

inversion

40.

If part of the chromosome is turned around in the opposite direction this is called:

a)

inversion

b)

translocation

c)

deletion

d)

duplication

41.

When large sections of a DNA molecule get altered (duplicated, deleted, broken off and attached to other DNA molecules, etc).

a)

mutation

b)

gene mutation

c)

chromosomal mutation

d)

somatic mutations

42.

When small sections of a DNA molecule get altered it is called a(n) _________

a)

mutation

b)

gene mutation

c)

chromosomal mutation

d)

somatic mutations

43.

Which of the following applies to GERM-LINE MUTATIONS

a)

They are only found in some body cells

b)

They are found in gametes

c)

They can be inherited or passed on

d)

They are not inherited or passed on

44.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

45.

ATT-TGA-GCC- Original

ATT-GAG-CC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Deletion- Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

d)

All of the above

46.

This is a(n)

a)

translocation

b)

insertion

c)

duplication

d)

inverson

47.

This is a(n)

a)

translocation

b)

insertion

c)

duplication

d)

inverson

48.

This is a(n)

a)

translocation

b)

insertion

c)

duplication

d)

inverson

49.

Part of a chromosome

is deleted.

This is an example of

a)

Substitution - Gene Mutation

b)

Translocation - Chromosomal Mutation

c)

Deletion - Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Insertion - Gene Mutation

50.

Part of a chromosome is reversed.

a)

Inversion - Chromosomal Mutation

b)

Deletion - Gene Mutation

c)

Translocation - Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Insertion - Gene Mutation

51.

Mutations that involve parts of or all of

a chromosome

a)

Replication

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Transcription

52.

Name the process happening at number 1 in the diagram.

a)

DNA Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Mutation

d)

Transcription

53.
What causes mutations?
a)
Mistakes in replication or environmental substances
b)
The amino acids
c)
Passed down by genetics
d)
It's how your born
54.

What do you think is the correct order of DNA replication?

a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
55.

Which is the first step of DNA Replication?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

56.

Which is the second step of DNA Replication?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

57.

Which is the third step of DNA Replication?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

58.

Which statement is true about RNA?

a)

RNA is usually single stranded and contains the base uracil

b)

RNA is usually double stranded and contains the base thymine

c)

RNA is made in the nucleus and stays there to carry out its function

d)

All of the above are true.

59.
The graph below shows how the activity of an enzyme changes over a range of pH values. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity continually increases as pH increases from 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 than around pH of 5.0.
60.
The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements? 
a)
 Enzymes function best at a specific temperature.
b)
The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
c)
The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action.
d)
 There is no connection between the two statements. 
61.
What is indicated by letter A?
a)
enzyme
b)
product
c)
substrate
d)
active site
62.

What is indicated by letter C?

a)

enzyme

b)

product

c)

substrate

d)

active site

63.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
64.
Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best? 
a)
15 C
b)
40 C
c)
30 C
d)
47 C
65.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
66.
Every enzyme has a optimal temperature and pH. True or False?
a)
True 
b)
False
67.
What factors affect an enzyme's reaction rate?
a)
temperature 
b)
pH
c)
substrate concentration
d)
all of these
68.

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

a)

It carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

b)

It forms the structure of ribosomes.

c)

It brings amino acids to the ribosome.

d)

It modifies proteins after synthesis.

69.

Which type of mutation involves the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence?

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

70.

What is the complementary DNA strand for the sequence: ACGTACG?

a)

TGCATGC

b)

UGCAUGC

c)

ACGTACG

d)

CGTACGT

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