WorksheetsCardiovascular System Quiz 2
Total questions: 51
Worksheet time: 26mins
What are the three main jobs of the cardiovascular system?
Circulate oxygen, circulate nutrients, and remove waste
Produce hormones, regulate temperature, and store energy
Digest food, absorb nutrients, and excrete waste
Protect against infection, regulate blood sugar, and maintain balance
Which factors affect the volume of blood to the working tissues during exercise?
Cardiac output and redistribution of blood flow
Blood sugar levels and body temperature
Hormone production and energy storage
Oxygen absorption and nutrient digestion
Stroke volume is regulated by which of the following?
End diastolic volume, average aortic blood pressure, and contractility
Blood sugar levels, body temperature, and hormone production
Oxygen absorption, nutrient digestion, and energy storage
Infection protection, blood sugar regulation, and balance maintenance
What causes the heart to beat?
Chemical stimulation of the heart tissue
Spontaneous electrical stimulation of the heart tissue
Mechanical stimulation of the heart tissue
Thermal stimulation of the heart tissue
Where does the electrical impulse that causes the heart to beat start?
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Right atrium
Left atrium
What is the sinoatrial node (SA node) commonly referred to as?
The "conductor" of the heart
The "pacemaker" of the heart
The "regulator" of the heart
The "controller" of the heart
What is the role of the sinoatrial node (SA node) in the heart's conduction system?
It delays the depolarization to allow for ventricular filling.
It acts as the pacemaker, initiating depolarization.
It conducts impulses throughout the ventricles.
It passes depolarization to the ventricles.
Which part of the heart's conduction system is responsible for passing depolarization to the ventricles?
Sinoatrial node (SA node)
Purkinje fibers
Atrioventricular node (AV node)
Bundle Branches
What is the function of the Purkinje fibers in the heart's conduction system?
They initiate depolarization.
They delay depolarization for ventricular filling.
They conduct impulses throughout the ventricles.
They pass depolarization to the ventricles.
Where do the bundle branches conduct electrical impulses in the heart?
To the sinoatrial node
To the atrioventricular node
To the left and right ventricles
Throughout the atria
Where do action potentials originate in the heart's conduction system?
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Purkinje fibers
Left atrium
Through which structure do action potentials pass after the AV node?
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Purkinje fibers
Atrioventricular (AV) bundle
Left atrium
What is the role of the Purkinje fibers in the heart's conduction system?
Originate action potentials
Carry action potentials to the ventricular walls
Divide into right and left bundle branches
Connect the atria to the ventricles
What does the P wave in an ECG represent?
Atrial depolarization
Ventricular depolarization
Ventricular repolarization
Atrial repolarization
What is indicated by the QRS complex in an ECG?
Atrial depolarization
Ventricular depolarization
Ventricular repolarization
Atrial repolarization
What does the T wave in an ECG signify?
Atrial depolarization
Ventricular depolarization
Ventricular repolarization
Atrial repolarization
Which of the following factors influences heart rate (HR) through autonomic control?
Temperature
Epinephrine
Gender
Age
What role do hormones like epinephrine play in heart rate regulation?
They decrease heart rate
They have no effect on heart rate
They increase heart rate
They stabilize heart rate
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences heart rate?
Emotions
Gender
Diet
Age
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Sensory pathways and motor pathways
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control?
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
Sensory pathways and motor pathways
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for slowing the heart rate?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Through which nerve does the parasympathetic system affect the heart rate?
Cardiac accelerator nerve
Vagus nerve
Sciatic nerve
Phrenic nerve
What happens to heart rate at the onset of exercise according to the parasympathetic system?
It decreases due to parasympathetic activation
It remains the same
It increases due to parasympathetic withdrawal
It increases due to sympathetic activation
At rest, a low heart rate is primarily due to which of the following?
Greater sympathetic tone
Greater parasympathetic tone
Increased cardiac output
Decreased vagal tone
After approximately how many beats per minute does the sympathetic system increase heart rate due to increased stimulation?
50 bpm
75 bpm
100 bpm
150 bpm
What are the two main factors that determine cardiac output?
Cardiac Rate and Stroke Volume
Blood Pressure and Heart Size
Oxygen Levels and Blood Sugar
Heart Rate and Blood Type
Which of the following influences stroke volume according to the diagram?
End-diastolic volume (EDV)
Blood Type
Oxygen Levels
Heart Size
What role do sympathetic nerves play in regulating cardiac output?
Increase cardiac rate
Decrease blood pressure
Reduce stroke volume
Lower oxygen levels
What is the formula for calculating cardiac output (Q)?
Q = HR + SV
Q = HR x SV
Q = HR / SV
Q = SV - HR
Which of the following represents the cardiac output for untrained men at rest?
4.5 L/min
5.0 L/min
22 L/min
18 L/min
What is the cardiac output for trained men during maximal exercise?
22 L/min
18 L/min
34 L/min
24 L/min
How does cardiac output change with exercise training?
It decreases
It remains the same
It changes
It disappears
What is one factor that affects the volume of blood delivered to tissues?
Redistribution of blood flow
Increase in heart rate
Decrease in blood pressure
Reduction in blood volume
How does the redistribution of blood flow increase blood delivery to active tissues?
By constricting veins
By dilating arteries
By increasing heart rate
By reducing blood volume
During maximal exercise, what percentage of cardiac output is directed to working skeletal muscle?
15-20%
25-30%
50-60%
80-85%
Which organs experience decreased blood flow during exercise?
Heart and lungs
Liver, kidneys, GI tract
Brain and spinal cord
Skin and muscles
What factor influences the redistribution of blood flow during exercise?
Body temperature
Exercise intensity
Age
Hydration level
What does the graph titled "Changes in Muscle and Splanchnic Blood Flow During Exercise" primarily illustrate?
Decrease in muscle blood flow during exercise
Increase in muscle blood flow during exercise
Constant muscle blood flow during exercise
Decrease in splanchnic blood flow during exercise
What is the cardiac output during heavy exercise according to the diagram?
5 l/min
10 l/min
15 l/min
25 l/min
During rest, what percentage of blood flow is directed to the muscles?
80-85%
15-20%
3-5%
20-25%
Which organ receives the highest percentage of blood flow during heavy exercise?
Brain
Muscles
Kidneys
Skin
What is the primary reason for increased blood flow to skeletal muscles during exercise?
Decreased metabolic demands
Increased blood pressure
Autoregulation due to changes in O₂ tension, CO₂ tension, nitric oxide, potassium, adenosine, and pH
Decreased heart rate
What causes vasoconstriction to visceral organs and inactive tissues during exercise?
Increased blood flow
SNS vasoconstriction
Decreased oxygen levels
Increased heart rate
What is considered a normal arterial blood pressure?
Less than 120/80 mmHg
Greater than 130/80 mmHg
Exactly 120/80 mmHg
Less than 130/90 mmHg
What is the systolic pressure?
Pressure during cardiac relaxation
Pressure generated during ventricular contraction
Pressure in the veins
Pressure in the capillaries
What is the diastolic pressure?
Pressure in the arteries during cardiac relaxation
Pressure during ventricular contraction
Pressure in the veins
Pressure in the capillaries
At what measurement is hypertension defined?
≥130/80 mmHg
≤120/80 mmHg
≥140/90 mmHg
≤110/70 mmHg
What factors does resistance depend upon in hemodynamics?
Length of the vessel, viscosity of the blood, radius of the vessel
Temperature of the blood, pressure of the vessel, volume of the vessel
Color of the blood, density of the vessel, height of the vessel
Speed of the blood, width of the vessel, weight of the vessel
What is the formula for calculating resistance in hemodynamics?
Resistance = (Length x viscosity) / (Radius^4)
Resistance = (Radius x viscosity) / (Length^4)
Resistance = (Length x radius) / (Viscosity^4)
Resistance = (Viscosity x radius) / (Length^4)
