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Unit 8 - Ecology

Total questions: 87

Worksheet time: 5hrs 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Shall we stand and fight?

a)
No way
b)
Yes
2.

Biotic factors are...

a)

living things

b)

non-living things

c)

undead things

3.

Abiotic factors are...

a)

living things

b)

non-living things

c)

undead things

4.

Some examples of biotic factors would be

a)

trees

b)

insects

c)

bacteria

d)

all of the above

5.

Which of these is NOT an abiotic factor?

a)

water

b)

temperature

c)

grass

d)

soil

6.

Which of the following is a biotic factor?

a)

humans

b)

bridges

c)

roads

d)

water

7.

A place where living and nonliving things interact

a)

population

b)

community

c)

ecosystem

d)

nutrient cycle

8.

Which diagram can show us the AMOUNT OF ENERGY that flows from producers to consumers?

a)

Food chain

b)

Web chain

c)

Food pyramid

9.

Algae makes its own food

a)

True

b)

False

10.

The Edwards Plateau in Texas is home to armadillos, white tail deer, squirrels, and the blind salamander. What level of organization is described?

a)

population

b)

organism

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

11.

How are deer and wolves classified?

a)

as decomposers

b)

as consumers

c)

as carnivores

d)

as producers

12.

A student observes a small pond and notices green algae on the rocks. What is the role of algae in the pond ecosystem?

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

omnivore

d)

decomposer

13.

In a food chain, foxes consume rabbits and mice. If the mouse population suddenly decreases but the rabbit population stays the same, what could happen to the number of foxes?

a)

The number of foxes could decrease because they will eat fewer rabbits.

b)

The number of foxes could increase because they will only have rabbits to eat.

c)

The number of foxes could increase because they will compete less for available food.

d)

The number of foxes could decrease because they will compete more for available food.

14.

Which best describes the role of a producer in an ecosystem?

a)

A producer supplies energy for the consumers in the ecosystem.

b)

A producer supplies oxygen for the consumers in the ecosystem.

c)

A producer supplies water for the consumers in the ecosystem.

d)

A producer supplies light for the consumers in the ecosystem.

15.

Primary consumers get their energy from the sun.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

Which shows the trophic levels in order?

a)

Primary Consumer,

Producer,

Tertiary Consumer,

Secondary Consumer

b)

Producer,

Primary Consumer,

Secondary Consumer,

Tertiary Consumer

17.

What is a food web?

a)

A web made out of food

b)

a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.

c)

The food an animal likes to eat.

18.

Which food chain correctly describes the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

a)

Grass>Cow>Human

b)

Caterpillar>Leaf>Human

c)

Cow>Grass>Human

d)

Leaf>Bird>Caterpillar

19.
Is sunlight an abiotic or biotic factor? 
a)
abiotic
b)
biotic
20.

Tertiary consumers are

a)

Herbivores

b)

Carnivores

c)

Abiotic

d)

Producers

21.
The region where two neighbouring ecosystems overlap/transition 
a)
ecotone
b)
terrestrial ecosystem
c)
watershed
d)
extirpated
22.

All food webs and food chains begin with _________________.

a)

primary consumer

b)

producers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

tertiary consumers

23.
In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
24.

In an ecological pyramid, which type of organism always has the least amount of energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Herbivores

c)

Carnivores

d)

Apex Predator

25.

If there are 100 Kcal of energy available in the producers, how much energy would be available in the primary consumers?

a)

10 Kcal

b)

1 Kcal

c)

100 Kcal

d)

1000 Kcal

26.
In this ecological pyramid which type of consumer gets only 10% of the energy stored in plants?
a)
Herbivore
b)
Carnivore
c)
Omnivore
d)
Secondary Consumer
27.
What percentage of energy is passed on to each tropic level?
a)
10%
b)
50%
c)
90%
d)
100%
28.

Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for in the food web?

a)

Hawk

b)

Spider

c)

Grasshopper

d)

Shrew

29.

Based on the image, which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?

a)

Owl

b)

Grasshopper

c)

Lilypad

d)

Mouse

30.
In a food web, arrows point at:
a)
who gets energy.
b)
who gets eaten.
31.
An organism that eats the secondary consumer.
a)
Primary Consumer
b)
Secondary Consumer
c)
Tertiary Consumer
d)
Consumer
32.
Organisms which carry out the process of decomposition by breaking down dead or decaying organisms.
a)
Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Decomposer
d)
Herbivore
33.
Energy increases as you move up the food pyramid (from bottom to top).
a)
True 
b)
False
34.
Who does the grasshopper get energy from? 
a)
Grass
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Mouse
d)
Ow
35.

How are primary consumers different from secondary consumers?

a)

Primary consumers eat only plants; secondary consumers eat other consumers.

b)

Primary consumers eat other consumers; secondary consumers eat only plants.

c)

Primary consumers eat plants and other consumers; secondary consumers eat plants and decompose matter.

d)

Primary consumers eat plants and decompose matter; secondary consumers eat plants and other consumers.

36.
What is the role of a producer?
a)
Use sunlight to make food
b)
Gain energy from eating other organisms
c)
Keep other species from overpopulating
d)
Breaking down dead stuff 
37.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
38.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
39.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
40.
A food pyramid represent the relative amount of energy in trophic levels. Which of the following correctly shows a food pyramid?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
41.

As you work your way up the energy pyramid, what happens to the energy?

a)

It increases

b)

It decreases

c)

It stays the same

d)

Nothing

42.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

43.

This may cause a population to increase

a)

increase of food supply

b)

removal of predators

c)

removal of disease

d)

all of these

44.

If the carrying capacity of a predator decreases, what will happen to the carrying capacity of the prey?

a)

Will Increase

b)

Will Decrease

c)

Will stay the same

45.

What are factors that affect carrying capacity?

a)

Biotic only

b)

Biotic and abiotic

c)

Depends on the ecosystem

d)

Abiotic only

46.

What type of growth is demonstrated in the graph?

a)

Exponential

b)

Carrying capacity

c)

Linear

d)

Negative

47.

What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

48.

Logistic growth displays a ____-shaped curve which indicates a population size capped at carrying capacity.

a)

J

b)

S

c)

C

d)

V

49.
What is the approximate carrying capacity of Paramecium aurelia cultured alone?
a)
150
b)
400
c)
450
d)
500
50.

The graph to the right shows the interaction of the wolf and moose populations on Isle Pekie. If the moose population continues to increase, the wolves' food supply will increase. What will most likely happen to the wolf population as a result?

a)

It will decrease.

b)

It will increase.

c)

It will remain the same.

51.

What is an Abiotic Factor?

a)

A NON-living factor that can affect an ecosystem

b)

A living factor that can affect an ecosystem

c)

The carrying capacity of an ecosystem

52.

What is a Biotic Factor?

a)

The carrying capacity of an ecosystem

b)

A NON-living factor that can affect an ecosystem

c)

A living factor that can affect an ecosystem

53.

A wildfire spreading in the forest is an example of

a)

Density-dependent factor

b)

Densitiy INdependent factor

c)

Carrying capacity

54.

Can a population go over its carrying capacity?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Maybe

55.

Biodiversity, aka biological diversity, usually refers to

a)

the number of people on Earth

b)

the variety of species on Earth

c)

the number of animal species in a specific area

d)

the number of plant species in a specific area

56.

Which of the following terms describes any major changes that may occur to an ecosystem?

a)

Distubance

b)

Resiliency

c)

Adaptations

d)

Biodiversity

57.
How can humans best help an endangered species avoid extinction?
a)
they can feed the animals
b)
they can put the animals in a zoo
c)
they can protect the animal’s habitat
d)
they can take the animal to new habitats
58.

What is a population?

a)
A group of unrelated organisms living together
b)
The number of individuals in a single species
c)
The total area covered by a species
d)
All the individuals of a particular species living within a specific geographic area.
59.

What do ecologists focus on?

a)

Marine biology

b)

Predation

c)
Ecological relationships and environmental interactions.
d)

Survival curves

60.

What does population size determine?

a)

Death Rates

b)

The health of a population and ecosystem

c)

Distance between populations

d)

The health of a population and oceans

61.

What is population density?

a)
Population density is the average income of people living in a specific area.
b)
Population density is the number of animals living in a specific area.
c)
Population density is the total land area of a specific region.
d)
Population density is the number of people living in a specific area.
62.

What varies with size of population?

a)

Births, deaths, emigration and immigration

b)

Emigration and immigration

c)

Survivorship curves, deaths, emigration and immigration

d)

Type I, II, III curves

63.

Increased population density makes finding a mate easier but ________ _______ for resources.

a)

Decreases: Predation

b)

Increases; Competition

c)

Decreases: Competition

d)

Increases; Predation

64.

What does the following image represent?

a)

Population Density

b)

Population Demographics

c)

Population Distribution

d)

Population Rates

65.

What is population distribution?

a)
Population distribution is the way in which animals are spread across a given area.
b)
Population distribution refers to the distribution of wealth among individuals in a society.
c)
Population distribution is the process of dividing a population into different age groups.
d)
Population distribution is the way in which people are spread across a given area.
66.

Define population demographics.

a)
Statistical characteristics of a population, including age, gender, income, education level, and ethnicity.
b)
The study of individual characteristics within a population
c)
The study of animal populations in a specific region
d)
The study of plant populations in a specific region
67.

What is a density-dependent factor?

a)
A density-dependent factor is a factor that influences population growth based on the weather conditions.
b)
A density-dependent factor is a factor that affects population size regardless of density.
c)
A density-dependent factor is a factor that only impacts individual organisms within a population.
d)
A density-dependent factor is a factor that influences population regulation based on the population's density.
68.

Does a density-independent factor rely on biotic or abiotic factors?

a)

Abiotic

b)

Biotic

69.

Define exponential growth.

a)
Exponential growth is a process that fluctuates randomly
b)
Exponential growth is a process that increases at a constant rate per unit of time, resulting in a rapid increase over time.
c)
Exponential growth is a process that remains constant over time
d)
Exponential growth is a process that decreases over time
70.

Carrying capacity is involved in which graph?

a)
Logistic growth
b)
Sigmoid growth
c)
Arithmetic growth
d)
Exponential growth
71.

What is carrying capacity?

a)
Carrying capacity is the maximum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely.
b)
Carrying capacity is the maximum population size of a species that the environment cannot sustain indefinitely.
c)
Carrying capacity is the average population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely.
d)
Carrying capacity is the minimum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely.
72.

What is a survivorship curve?

a)
A survivorship curve is a type of dance move popular among penguins.
b)
A survivorship curve is a mathematical equation used to predict the stock market.
c)
A survivorship curve is a term used in geology to describe rock formations.
d)
A survivorship curve is a graph showing the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species or group.
73.

A series of predictable changes that occurs in a ecological community over time.

a)

succession

b)

adaptation

c)

evolution

d)

progression

74.

The type of succession in which the initial conditions are very harsh & the conditions changes very slowly. Changes can take hundreds to thousands of year.

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

pioneer

75.

The type of succession where the area has already been established but then disturbed or destroyed but the soil is still left intact and vegetation change happens much more quickly.

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

pioneer

76.

Species that are able to in survive hostile environments. Usually autotrophs, these species are the first to colonize areas. Their niche is to create new ecological niches for other species.

a)

pioneer

b)

self-perpetuating

c)

intermediate

d)

community

77.

This is an example of...

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

tertiary succession

d)

climax community

78.

The Ohia is the first species to inhabit new areas of lava flow. These plants are...

a)

pioneer

b)

self-perpetuating

c)

intermediate

d)

community

79.

A graph that shows the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species or group.

a)

survivorship curve

b)

exponential

c)

linear

d)

logistic

80.

Tracks organisms that tend to live long lives (low death rate and high survivorship rate); toward the end of their life expectancies, however, there is a dramatic increase in the death rate.

a)

Type I

b)

Type II

c)

Type III

d)

Type IV

81.

Describes organisms with a high death rate (or low survivorship rate) immediately following birth. Examples include bacteria, fishes, and invertebrates.

a)

Type I

b)

Type II

c)

Type III

d)

Type IV

82.

These organisms typically live in unstable, unpredictable environments & are able to reproduce rapidly (exponentially). They do not take care of their young & are subject to predation.

a)

k-strategist

b)

r-strategist

c)

m-strategist

d)

s-strategist

83.

These organisms occupy stable environments, are larger in size and have longer life expectancies. They produce, during their life spans, fewer offspring, but place a greater investment in each.

a)

k-strategist

b)

r-strategist

c)

m-strategist

d)

s-strategist

84.

This is an example of...

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

tertiary succession

d)

climax community

85.

Click density dependent factor(s).

a)

competition for resources

b)

predator-prey relationships

c)

parasitism and disease

d)

weather

86.

Click density independent factor(s).

a)

competition for resources

b)

predator-prey relationships

c)

parasitism and disease

d)

weather, natural disaster and man made disturbances

87.

At what hour did the bacterial population carrying capacity?

a)

1-7 hours

b)

8-14 hours

c)

14-17 hours

d)

18 hours - 24 hours

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