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Unit 1-3 AP Bio Final Review

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Why is water considered polar?

a)

Nonpolar covalent bonds in structure

b)

Ionic bonds in structure

c)

Polar covalent bonds in structure

d)

Hydrophobic interaction in structure

2.

Which macromolecule(s) have nitrogen?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Nucleic Acids & Proteins

3.

Which macromolecule(s) have phosphorus?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Fats

4.

Which macromolecule(s) have sulfur?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Fats

5.

Describes the forming of a bond between monomers with the removal of a water molecule.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration

6.

Describes the breaking of a bond within a polymer using water.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration

7.

Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a nucleic acid?

a)

pentose sugar

b)

nitrogenous base

c)

phosphate

d)

amino acid

8.

Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a nucleic acid?

a)

pentose sugar

b)

nitrogenous base

c)

phosphate

d)

amino acid

9.

Describes the breaking of a bond within a polymer using water.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration

10.

Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a nucleic acid?

a)

pentose sugar

b)

nitrogenous base

c)

phosphate

d)

amino acid

11.

Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a protein?

a)

Amine Group

b)

R Group

c)

Carboxyl Group

d)

Nitrogenous Base

12.

Describe the orientation of the phospholipids in the membrane.

a)

Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophilic heads on exterior

b)

Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophilic head on extracellular

c)

Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophobic tails on exterior

d)

Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophobic tails on extracellular

13.

How is DNA/RNA synthesis directionally oriented?

a)

new nucleotides are added to 5' phosphate

b)

new nucleotides are added to 3' phosphate

c)

new nucleotides are added to 5' hydroxyl

d)

new nucleotides are added to 3' hydroxyl

14.

What component of the polypeptide is the next amino acid added forming the peptide bond?

a)

amino group

b)

hydrogen

c)

carboxyl group

d)

R groups

15.

Which protein involves R group bonding to form the final three dimensional structure?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quaternary

16.

Which protein structure involves the peptide bonds between amino acids?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quaternary

17.

DNA and RNA differ on many qualities, which of the following is NOT a difference?

a)

Sugar

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Phosphate Group

d)

Strandedness

18.

Where on an enzyme does the substrate bind?

a)

active site

b)

allosteric site

c)

C-terminus

d)

N-terminus

19.

Describe the effect on the free energy of doubling the amount of enzyme.

a)

double the free energy

b)

half the free energy

c)

triple the free energy

d)

no effect on free energy

20.

Which structure is unaffected by denaturation?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

21.

Which environmental conditions can cause denaturation of the enzyme?

a)

slight increase in temperature

b)

extreme increase in temperature

c)

decrease in temperature

d)

extreme increase in temperature and pH changes

22.

Which of the following will increase the rate of the reaction?

a)

increase product

b)

increase substrate

c)

increase inhibitor

d)

increase enzyme

23.

Describe why an increase in temperature increases the rate of the reaction.

a)

increase in temperature increases the speed/kinetic energy of particles

b)

increase in temperature activates more enzyme to increase the rate

c)

increase in temperature results in increase in substrate available

d)

increase in temperature allows for a tighter fit in the active site

24.

Describe the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors.

a)

noncompetitive binds to active site and competitive binds to other site

b)

competitive binds to active site and noncompetitive binds to other site

c)

competitive is irreversible and noncompetitive is reversible binding

d)

noncompetitive is irreversible and competitive is reversible binding

25.

In order to maintain order and power cellular processes,

a)

energy input must exceed energy loss

b)

energy input equals energy loss

c)

energy loss must exceed energy input

d)

energy loss equals energy input

26.

What is the process of an endergonic reaction being fueled by an exergonic reaction called?

a)

second law of thermodynamics

b)

energy coupling

c)

first law of thermodynamics

d)

endergonic/exergonic switch

27.

Where did photosynthesis first evolve?

a)

prokaryotic organisms

b)

alien organisms

c)

eukaryotic organisms

d)

abiotic processes

28.

What are the products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

a)

ATP & NADH

b)

CO2 & H2O

c)

NADPH & ATP

d)

Organic Compounds & O2

29.

What is the function of the electron transport chain between Photosystem II and Photosystem I?

a)

establish electrochemical gradient of protons

b)

to funnel electrons into photosystem I for the Calvin cycle

c)

transport electrons to oxygen to make water

d)

to synthesize ATP using ATP synthase

30.

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

a)

thylakoid membrane

b)

cristae

c)

stroma

d)

matrix

31.

Where does the electron transport chain take place?

a)

chloroplasts

b)

prokaryotic plasma membrane

c)

mitochondria

d)

all of the choices

32.

Which of the following are electron carriers for the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

a)

NADPH

b)

FADH2

c)

NADH

d)

NADH & FADH2

33.

Which process releases energy in glucose to form ATP, NADH, and pyruvate?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

Fermentation

34.

What is oxidation?

a)

loss of electrons

b)

loss of water

c)

gain of electrons

d)

gain of water

35.

In the electron transport chain of cellular respiration, where is the electrochemical gradient of protons generated?

a)

cytosol

b)

cristae

c)

matrix

d)

intermembrane space

36.

Which process does NOT require oxygen?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

Aerobic respiration

37.

Describe the pathway of electrons in the light reactions.

a)

H2O → PSI → ETC → PSII → NADPH

b)

H2O → PSII → ETC → PSI → NADPH

c)

H2O → PSII → ETC → PSI → NADH

d)

H2O → PSI → ETC → PSII → NADH

38.
Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The increasing labor contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?
a)
A bioinformatic system
b)
Negative feedback
c)
Positive feedback
d)
Enzymatic catalysis 
39.
A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?
a)
Archaea
b)
Animalia
c)
Fungi
d)
Eukarya
40.
In a hypothetical world, every 50 years python snakes over 4 feet long are eliminated from the population before they reproduce. Based on your knowledge of natural selection, you would predict that the average length of the python population will...
a)
Gradually increase
b)
Remain unchanged
c)
Rapidly increase
d)
Gradually decline
41.

Which of the following cells is most efficient?

Note:  SA = surface area   V = volume

a)

SA: 4  V: 1

b)

SA: 3  V: 2

c)

SA: 2  V: 3

d)

SA: 1  V: 4

42.

As surface area is squared, volume is…

a)

Halved

b)

Doubled

c)

Squared

d)

Cubed

43.

What is the surface area of a cube with a side length of 2?

a)

6

b)

24

c)

54

d)

96

44.

Why is the inner membrane of the mitochondria highly folded?

a)

Increase volume of mitochondria

b)

Increase in surface area for oxidative phosphorylation

c)

Decrease volume of mitochondria

d)

Decrease in surface area for oxidative phosphorylation

45.

Extracellular solution is 0.5M and the cell is 1.0M – which direction will water flow?

a)

Into cell towards hypertonic solution

b)

Into cell towards hypotonic solution

c)

Out of cell toward hypertonic solution

d)

Out of cell toward hypotonic solution

46.

Extracellular solution is 0.5M and the cell is 1.0M – what will happen to the animal cell?

a)

Crenate

b)

Lysis

c)

Plasmolysis

d)

Turgid

47.

What organelle function with plant cell in hypotonic solution?

a)

Contractile vacuole

b)

Central vacuole

c)

Food vacuole

d)

Vesicle

48.

What organelle functions with freshwater protists?

a)

Contractile vacuole

b)

Central vacuole

c)

Food vacuole

d)

Vesicle

49.

If extracellular solution is isotonic, which direction will water move?

a)

Into cell

b)

Out of cell

c)

Both into and out of cell

d)

No water movement

50.

Water moves from

a)

High water potential to low water potential

b)

Low water potential to high water potential

51.

The higher the solute concentration…

a)

the higher the water potential

b)

the lower the water potential

52.

What is the ionization constant of sucrose?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

24

d)

48

53.

What is the ionization constant of sodium chloride?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

54.

Solution with a higher solute concentration…

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

55.

Solution with a lower solute concentration…

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

56.

Solution with a higher free water concentration…

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

57.

Which is the easiest to cross the membrane unassisted?

a)

Small, nonpolar

b)

Small, polar

c)

Large, nonpolar

d)

Large, polar

58.

Which is the easiest to pass?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Glucose

c)

Sodium ions

d)

Water

59.

A small amount of water can cross the membrane unassisted.

a)

True

b)

False

60.

Which does NOT have a cell wall?

a)

Fungi

b)

Plants

c)

Prokaryote

d)

Protist

61.

Which passes through the membrane easily?

a)

A. Ca2+

b)

B. CO2

c)

C. Glucose

d)

D. H2O

62.

What type of membrane protein allows water passage?

a)

Carrier protein

b)

Channel protein

63.

Cellular eating, use pseudopod to engulf food

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Phagocytosis

c)

Pinocytosis

d)

Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

64.

Cellular drinking, cell “gulps” extracellular fluid

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Phagocytosis

c)

Pinocytosis

d)

Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

65.

Organelle that fuses with product from phagocytosis

a)

Golgi

b)

Lysosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

Smooth ER

66.

Proteins made in rough ER are secreted by

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Phagocytosis

c)

Pinocytosis

d)

Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

67.

What makes up cell wall of fungi?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Chitin

c)

Peptidoglycan

68.

What makes up cell wall of some prokaryotes?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Chitin

c)

Peptidoglycan

69.

What makes up cell wall of plants?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Chitin

c)

Peptidoglycan

70.

What moves the vesicles to the membrane for exocytosis?

a)

Actin

b)

Dynein

c)

Kinase

d)

Myosin

71.

What provides the path for vesicles moving to membrane?

a)

Intermediate filaments

b)

Microfilaments

c)

Microtubules

d)

Cytosolic Proteins

72.

In carrier proteins, how is it specific for transport?

a)

Active site binds to the solute

b)

Allosteric site binds to the solute

c)

Binding site opens channel

d)

ATP provides needed energy

73.

Passive transport

a)

Does not require input of energy and moves against gradient

b)

Does not require input of energy and moves with gradient

c)

Requires input of energy and moves against gradient

d)

Requires input of energy and moves with gradient

74.

Active transport

a)

Does not require input of energy and moves against gradient

b)

Does not require input of energy and moves with gradient

c)

Requires input of energy and moves against gradient

d)

Requires input of energy and moves with gradient

75.

Facilitated diffusion

a)

Does not use transport proteins and is a type of active transport

b)

Does not use transport proteins and is a type of passive transport

c)

Uses transport proteins and is a type of active transport

d)

Uses transport proteins and is a type of passive transport

76.

Endocytosis

a)

Does not require ATP and allows large particles to enter the cell

b)

Does not require ATP and allows large particles to leave the cell

c)

Requires ATP and allows large particles to enter the cell

d)

Requires ATP and allows large particles to leave the cell

77.

How does Ca2+ move across membrane from high to low?

a)

Active transport

b)

Bulk transport

c)

Facilitated transport

d)

Simple diffusion

78.

How are secreted proteins moved across the membrane?

a)

Active transport

b)

Bulk transport

c)

Facilitated transport

d)

Simple diffusion

79.

How does oxygen enter blood cells in the lungs?

a)

Active transport

b)

Bulk transport

c)

Facilitated transport

d)

Simple diffusion

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