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WorksheetsROBS 2018 to 2023 IAL biology MCQ from papers P1
Total questions: 66
Worksheet time: 34mins
Individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis have a level of function of the CFTR protein of 18% or less.
(i) Which is the change in concentration of chloride ions in the sweat of an individual when the level of function of CFTR protein decreased from 100% to 18%?
15 mmol dm–3
35 mmol dm–3
40 mmol dm–3
80 mmol dm–3
Which components of the blood clotting process are enzymes in their active form?
prothrombin and thromboplastin only
prothrombin and thrombin only
prothrombin, thrombin and thromboplastin
thrombin and thromboplastin only
Which components of the blood clotting process are soluble in blood plasma?
fibrin and fibrinogen
fibrin and thromboplastin
fibrinogen and thromboplastin
fibrinogen only
A person with diabetes has a blood glucose level that can be too high.
When the blood glucose level of a person without diabetes becomes too high, the liver stores glucose as a polysaccharide.
(a) Which polysaccharide does the liver store?
amylopectin
cellulose
glycogen
starch
Blood glucose levels can become high following the digestion of carbohydrates.
Which of the following can be digested to release glucose?
both fructose and sucrose
both fructose and galactose
both galactose and lactose
both lactose and sucrose
Warfarin is an anticoagulant.
The dose of warfarin that is given to a patient has to be monitored regularly. This is done by adding thromboplastin to a blood sample and measuring the time it takes for the blood to clot.
The result is compared with a control sample and is reported as an International Normalised Ratio (INR) level.
(a) How many of the following statements are correct for thromboplastin?
it is stored in platelets
it is an active enzyme
it is converted into thrombin
The graph shows the energy changes during an enzyme catalysed reaction. Which arrow shows the energy required to start the reaction?
P
Q
R
S
The blood clotting process has to be fast to prevent loss of blood from wounds.
(a) Which molecule traps red blood cells and platelets in the formation of a blood clot at a wound?
cholesterol
collagen
fibrin
fibrinogen
Which of the following are converted into an active enzyme during blood clotting?
fibrin
fibrinogen
prothrombin
thrombin
Which of the following are soluble in blood plasma?
fibrin
fibrinogen
prothrombin
thrombin
Which row in the table describes the blood flow through the pulmonary artery and the pulmonary vein?
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
Blood flow depends on the change in pressure (ΔP), the radius of the blood vessel lumen (r), the length of the blood vessel (λ) and the viscosity of the blood (η).
(i) Which formula can be used to calculate resistance?
A
B
C
D
A change in which factor has the biggest effect on resistance?
blood pressure
length of the blood vessel
radius of the blood vessel lumen
thickness of the blood vessel wall
Which blood vessel takes blood from the heart to the body?
A
B
C
D
Which blood vessel has semilunar valves and contains blood with the highest concentration of carbon dioxide?
A
B
C
D
When is this heart in ventricular systole?
at 0.1 seconds
at 0.4 seconds
at 0.6 seconds
at 0.8 seconds
The nectar in flowers contains nutrients including sugars, amino acids and lipids.
(i) The sugars in the nectar are fructose, glucose and sucrose.
Which of these contain glycosidic bonds?
fructose only
sucrose only
fructose and glucose
fructose and sucrose
Which row of the table describes how amino acids are joined together to form a protein?
A
B
C
D
(iii) Which row of the table describes a saturated lipid?
A
B
C
D
The pedigree diagram shows the phenotypes of individuals in one family affected by PKU What is the probability of couple 1 and 2 having a fourth child that is a male affected by PKU?
0.000
0.125
0.250
0.500
Which bond joins two monosaccharides together to form a disaccharide?
ester
glycosidic
hydrogen
phosphodiester
Which row of the table describes the atria and ventricles during atrial systole?
A
B
C
D
Which row of the table identifies one lifestyle factor and one non-lifestyle factor?
A
B
C
D
Which pair of drugs may reduce the 10-year risk of CVD for this woman?
anticoagulants and statins
anticoagulants and antihypertensives
antihypertensives and platelet inhibitors
antihypertensives and statins
The cell membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer.
(i) Why do phospholipids form a bilayer?
the hydrophobic heads dissolve in the aqueous (water) environment
the hydrophobic heads move away from the aqueous (water) environment
the hydrophobic tails dissolve in the aqueous (water) environment
the hydrophobic tails move away from the aqueous (water) environment
Which letter represents a membrane glycoprotein?
P
Q
R
S
Which type of bond is found in this molecule?
ester
glycosidic
hydrogen
peptide
How does a nonpolar molecule move through a cell membrane, down a concentration gradient into a cell?
by active transport
by diffusion
by exocytosis
by osmosis
How many of the following statements are correct for the transport of a substance by endocytosis?
· transports substances out of the cell
· the cell membrane surrounds the substance
· can only transport substances down a concentration gradient
0
1
2
4
One of the bonds present in phospholipids is an ester bond.
Which diagram shows an ester bond?
A
B
C
D
Which row in the table describes an unsaturated fatty acid compared with a saturated fatty acid with the same number of carbon atoms?
A
B
C
D
Which diagram shows a mononucleotide?
A
B
C
D
Which diagram shows two components joined by a phosphodiester bond?
A
B
C
D
Which diagram shows complementary base pairing?
A
B
C
D
Which part would contain the statement: uses proteins?
2
3
4
7
Which part would contain the statement: needs energy in the form of ATP?
2
3
4
7
Which part would contain the statement: solutes can only move down a concentration gradient?
2
3
4
7
The base labelled P is adenine.
Which is the base labelled Q?
cytosine
guanine
thymine
uracil
Which row of the table identifies the bonds labelled S, T and U?
A
B
C
D
Pectinase is an enzyme that breaks down pectin. Pectin is present in the cell walls of fruits.
(a) What type of molecule is pectinase?
disaccharide
polysaccharide
protein
triglyceride
What will happen to the rate of diffusion if all three of the following are changed at the same time?
· the surface area is halved
· the concentration gradient is halved
· the diffusion distance is halved
it will stay theit will stay the same same
it will be a quarter of its value
it will halve
it will double
Humans store energy as glycogen.
(a) (i) Which is the correct statement about the formation of glycogen?
α glucose molecules join together by a condensation reaction
α glucose molecules join together by a hydrolysis reaction
β glucose molecules join together by a condensation reaction
β glucose molecules join together by a hydrolysis reaction
Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrient. They include polysaccharides, disaccharides and monosaccharides.
(a) (i) Which formula is correct for a monosaccharide?
CnHnO2n
CnH2nOn
C2nHnOn
C2nH2nOn
Which of the following is a medication to control blood pressure?
anticoagulant
antihypertensive
platelet inhibitor
statin
How many times more soluble is salt G than salt H at 30 °C?
15.00
1.67
1.50
0.60
(a) The connecting region is removed from proinsulin, leaving the A chain connected to the B chain by disulfide bridges (—S—S—).
Which row of the table shows the position of an amino group (NH2) and a carboxyl group (COOH)?
R & P
P & R
Q & R
Q & P
Which of the following are the monosaccharides present in lactose?
fructose and sucrose
galactose and glucose
glucose and fructose
sucrose and galactose
eople with lactose intolerance cannot digest lactose.
Lactose intolerance is due to a lack of the enzyme lactase.
(a) (i) Which are the products of lactose digestion?
fructose and galactose
fructose and glucose
galactose and glucose
glucose and glucose
Lipids and carbohydrates can be used as energy storage molecules.
(a) Lactose is an important energy source in milk.
(i) What type of chemical reaction is involved in breaking a lactose molecule into two monosaccharides?
condensation
esterification
hydrogen bonding
hydrolysis
Mutations can give rise to cancer.
(a) What is a mutation?
a change in the amino acid sequence in DNA
a change in the amino acid sequence in a protein
a change in the base sequence in DNA
a change in the base sequence in a protein
Glucomannan is a dietary supplement claimed to aid weight loss.
Glucomannan is a branched polysaccharide similar in structure to amylopectin.
(i) Which glycosidic bonds are responsible for the branching in glucomannan?
1-4 only
1-6 only
both 1-4 and 1-6
neither 1-4 nor 1-6
a) (i) Which row of the table shows which of these sugars are monosaccharides and
which are disaccharides?
A
B
C
D
(ii) Which type of bond joins two monosaccharides together to form a disaccharide?
ester
glycosidic
peptide
phosphodiester
The number of people in the world who die from CVD each year is 17.7 million.
This is 31% of all total deaths.
How many deaths are there in the world each year?
0.571 × 106
5.71 × 106
57.1 × 106
571.00 × 106
This plant grows from a bulb.
The bulb contains starch as an energy storage molecule for the crocus.
How many of the following statements are correct for starch in living cells?
· starch consists of a mixture of two types of polysaccharide
· starch contains only 1–6 bonds
· starch is insoluble in water
None
1
2
3
The magnification of this diagram is 1 × 107.
The structure labelled T is 2 units long.
What is this unit?
cm
mm
μm
nm
Which structures contain a phosphate group?
Q and R
Q and T
R and S
S and T
Which ratio of the structures affects the fluidity of this membrane?
Q : T
R : Q
R : T
S : T
What is the name of the blood vessel labelled G?
aorta
pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein
vena cava
The diagram shows the reaction catalysed by OMP decarboxylase. Which sugar is present in uridine monophosphate?
deoxyribose
galactose
glucose
ribose
Messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) are involved in the synthesis of a polypeptide chain from DNA.
Which row of the table shows the codon on mRNA and the anticodon on tRNA that correspond to tryptophan?
A
B
C
D
A diet high in saturated triglycerides raises the levels of cholesterol in the blood.
(i) What is the ratio of glycerol to fatty acid in a triglyceride molecule?
1:1
1:3
3:1
3:3
Which diagram shows the bond that joins a glycerol molecule to a fatty acid in a triglyceride?
A
B
C
D
Which type of treatment is warfarin?
anticoagulant
antihypertensive
platelet inhibitor
statin
How long did this take Mr Brunell to make? (HINT 2 ANSWERS)
not long
to bloody long!!
10 mins
Happy Christmas, and good luck in your exam!!
