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WorksheetsChem 141 Exam
Total questions: 146
Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins
Chemistry is defined as the study of composition and structure of materials and
the categories of matter
the changes in matter
the electrical currents in matter
molecules in living things
Chemistry is the study of all of the following EXCEPT
matter
changes in matter
energy associated with changes in matter
projectile motion
The branch of chemistry concerned with the properties, changes, and relationships between energy and matter is
inorganic chemistry
analytical chemistry
physical chemistry
theoretical chemistry
The melting of candle wax is classified as a physical change because it
produces no new substances
transfers energy
absorbs heat
changes the chemical properties of wax
physical means can be used to separate
elements
pure substances
mixtures
compounds
based on their location in the figure above, oxygen and selenium have
the same number of neutrons
the same conductivity
similar properties
the same number of electron orbitals
The elements that border the zigzag line in the periodic table are
inactive
metals
metalloids
nonmetals
which statement is NOT true about nonmetals?
they have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
many are gases at room temperature
they have low conductivity
there are fewer nonmetals than metals
A plausible explanation of a body of observed natural phenomena is a scientific
principle
experiment
law
theory
A theory is an accepted explanation of an observed phenomenon until
one study conflicts with the theory
repeated data and observation conflict with the theory
scientists disagree about the methods used to gather the data
en eminent scientist declares that it is inadequate
Two features that distinguish matter are
mass and velocity
weight and velocity
mass and volume
weight and volume
standards are chosen because they
have units that can be converted to other units
are reproducible in another labratory
cannot be destroyed by any common physical or chemical means
are easily changed
the symbol mm represents
micrometer
millimeter
milliliter
meter
a volume of 1 cubic centimeter is equivalent to
1 milliliter
1 gram
1 liter
10^-1 cubic decimeters
the SI base unit for time is
day
hour
minute
second
a measure of earth's gravitational pull on matter is
density
weight
volume
mass
A measure of the quantity of matter is
density
weight
volume
mass
The density of sugar is 1.59 g/cm^3. The mass of a sample is 4.0 g. Find the volume of the sample
2.5 cm^3
6.36 cm^3
0.39 cm^3
2.5 g/cm^3
The mass of a 6.0 mL sample of kerosene is 4.92 g. The density of kerosene is
0.82 g/mL
0.92 g/cm^3
1.2 g/mL
1.5 g/cm^3
100 milliliters is equivalent to
1 hectometer
1 micrometer
1 centiliter
1 deciliter
0.05 cm is the same as
0.00005 m
0.005 mm
0.05 m
0.5 mm
a measurement is said to have good precision if it
agrees closely with an accepted standard
agrees closely with other measurements of the same quantity
has a small number of significant figures
has a large number of significant figures
using the same balance, a chemist obtained the values 5.224 g, 5.235 g, and 5.25 g for the mass of a sample. These measurements have
good precision
good accuracy
poor precision
poor accuracy
the number of significant figures in the measurements 0.000305 kg is
3
4
5
6
the graph of an inverse proportion is a(n)
straight line
ellipse
parabola
hyperbola
Which of the following does NOT describe a direct proportion between x and y
xy=k
x/y=k
y/x=k
x=ky
A certain compound is composed of elements G and H. It always has the same mass ratio of G to H because
all atoms have the same mass
any excess of G or H will be destroyed
G and H have characteristic masses
G and H have identical masses
According to the law of conservation of mass, when sodium, hydrogen, and oxygen react to form a compound, the mass of the compound is _______ the sum of the masses of the individual elements.
equal to
greater then
less than
either greater than or less than
who first recognized that the ratio of the number of atoms that combine is the same as the ratio of the masses that combine?
Jons Berzelius
Edward Morley
John Dalton
Jon Newlands
The principles of atomic theory recognized today were conceived by
Avogadro
Bohr
Dalton
Rutherford
Which of the following is NOT part of Dalton's atomic theory
Atoms cannot be divided, created, or destroyed
the number of protons in an atom is its atomic number
in chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged
all matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms
Dalton's atomic theory did NOT explain the law of
whole-number ratios
definite proportions
conservation of mass
conservation of energy
The law of definite proportions
contradicted Dalton's atomic theory
was explained by Dalton's atomic theory
replaced the law of conservation of mass
assumes that atoms of all elements are identical
Who proposed the law of multiple proportions
Avogadro
Rutherford
Dalton
Thomson
The atomic theory proposed by Dalton
has been totally discarded
has been expanded and modified
has been accepted unchanged to the present day
has been found to be false
In the glass tube, electrical current passes from the negative electrode, called the ________, to the other electrode.
cathode
anode
electron
Millikan
After measuring the ratio of the charge of a cathode-ray particle to its mass, Thomson concluded that the particles
had no mass
had a very small mass
had a very large mass
carried a positive charge
In Rutherford's experiments, very few positively charged particles
were slightly deflected as they passed through the metal
were greatly deflected back from the metal
passed straight through the metal
combined with the metal
In Rutherford's experiments, positively charged particles
passed through a tube containing gas
were used to bombard a cathode plate
collided with electrons
were used to bombard thin metal foil
because most particles fired at metal foil passed straight through. Rutherford concluded that
atoms were mostly empty space
atoms contained no charged particles
electrons formed the nucleus
atoms were indivisible
Which part of an atom has a mass approximately equal to 1/2000 of the mass of a common hydrogen atom?
nucleus
electron
proton
electron cloud
An atom is electrically neutral because
neutrons balance the protons and electrons
nuclear forces stabilize the charges
the numbers of protons and electrons are equal
the numbers of protons and neutrons are equal
most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the
nucleus
nuclides
electron cloud
protons
what is the mass number of deuterium
1
2
3
4
Protium contains one proton and
one neutron
two neutrons
no neutrons
three electrons
Atoms of the same element can differ in
chemical properties
mass number
atomic number
number of protons and electrons
The atomic mass of an isotope is its
average atomic mass
isotopic mass number
atomic number
relative atomic mass
The atomic mass listed in the periodic table is the
average atomic mass
relative atomic mass of the most abundant isotope
relative atomic mass of the most stable radioactive isotope
mass number of the most abundant isotope
An aluminum isotope consists of 13 protons, 13 electrons, and 14 neutrons. Its mass number is
13
14
27
40
An atom of potassium has 19 protons and 20 neutron. What is its mass number?
19
20
39
10
The atomic number of neon is 10. The atomic number of calcium is 20. Compared with a mole of neon, a mole of calcium contains
twice as many atoms
half as many atoms
an equal number of atoms
20 times as many atoms
Avogadro's constant is
The maximum number of electrons that all the energy levels can accomodate
the number of protons and neutrons that can fit in the shells of the nucleus
the number of particles in 1 mole of a pure substance
the number of particles in exactly 1 gram of a pure substance
A mass of 6.005 g of carbon (atomic mass 12.010 amu) contains
1 mol C
2 atoms C
0.5000 mol C
1 atom O
The mass of 2.50 mol of calcium atoms ( atomic mass 40.08 amu) is approximately
10.0 g
42.5 g
100 g
250 g
Visible light, X rays, infrared radiation, and radio waves all have the same
energy
wavelength
speed
frequency
A quantum of electromagnetic energy is called a(n)
photon
electron
excited atom
orbital
The spectral lines of hydrogen in the ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum are called
principle series
Balmer series
Lyman series
Paschen series
A bright-line spectrum of an atom is caused by energy released when electrons
jump to a higher energy level
fall to a lower energy level
absorb energy and jump to a higher energy level
absorb energy and fall to a lower energy level
According to Bohr's theory, an excited atom would
collapse
absorb photons
remain stable
radiate energy
The drop of an electron from a high energy level to the ground state in a hydrogen atom would be most closely associated with
long-wavelength radiation
lo-frequency radiation
infrared radiation
high-frequency radiation
Which model of an atom explains the orbitals of electrons as waves
the Bohr model
the quantum model
Rutherford's model
Planck's theory
All of the following describe the Schrodinger wave equation EXCEPT
it is an equation that treats electrons in atoms as waves
only waves of specific energies and frequencies provide solutions to the equation
it helped lay the foundation for the modern quantum theory
it is similar to Bohr's theory
A three-dimensional region around the nucleus where an electron may be found is called a(n)
spectral line
electron path
orbital
orbit
Quantum numbers are sets of numbers that describe the properties of
the atomic nucleus
atomic orbitals
atoms
molecules
The spin quantum number indicates that the number of possible states for an electron in an orbital is
1
2
3
5
The spin quantum number of an electron can be thought of as describing
the direction of electron spin
whether the electrons charge is positive or negative
The electrons exact location in orbit
the number of revolutions the electron makes about the nucleus per second
Because of the property described by the spin quantum number, an electron behaves as though it
were positively charged
were a magnet
oscillated in one position
were spiraling towards the nucleus
The number of possible orbital shapes for the third energy level is
1
2
3
4
The total number of orbitals that can exist at the second main energy level is
2
3
4
8
How many electrons are needed to fill the third main energy level if it already contains 8 electrons?
0
8
10
22
The atomic sublevel with the next highest energy after 4p is
4d
4f
5p
5s
Both copper (atomic number 29) and chromium (atomic number 24) appear to break the pattern in the order of filling the 3d and 4s orbitals. This change in pattern is expressed by
an increase in the number of electrons in both the 3d and 4s orbitals
a reduction in the number of electrons in both the 3d and 4s orbitals
a reduction in the number of electrons in the 3d orbital and an increase in the 4s orbital
a reduction in the number of electrons in the 4s orbital and an increase in the 3d orbital
In the ground state, the 3d and 4s sublevels of the chromium atom (atomic number 24) may be represented as
3d64s1
3d44s2
3d54s1
4s23d4
the element with the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p2 is
Mg (Z=12)
C (Z=6)
S (Z=16)
Si (Z=14)
What is the electron configuration for nitrogen, atomic number 7
1s22s22p3
1s22s32p2
1s22s32p1
1s22s22p23s1
If an element has an octet of electrons in its highest main energy level, there are ____ electrons in this level
2
8
10
32
Mendeleev is credited with developing the first successful
periodic table
method for determining atomic number
test for radioactivity
use of X rays
Mendeleev did not always list elements in the periodic table in order of increasing mass because he grouped together elements with similar
properties
atomic numbers
densities
colors
Mendeleev's table was called periodic because the properties of elements
showed no pattern
occurred at repeated intervals called periods
occurred at regular time intervals called periods
were identical
Elements in a group or column in the periodic table can be expected to have similar
atomic masses
atomic numbers
numbers of neutrons
properties
For elements in Groups 1,2, and 18, the increase in atomic number for successive elements follows the pattern 8,8,18,__, 32
18
20
24
26
The electron configuration of cesium, atomic number 55, is [Xe] 6s1 . In what period is cesium?
period 1
period 6
period 8
period 55
In period 3 there are 8 elements. What sublevel(s) is (are) being filled?
s
s and d
s and p
d and f
The electron configurations of the noble gases from neon to radon in the periodic table end with filled
f orbitals
d orbitals
s orbitals
p orbitals
Magnesium, atomic number 12, has the electron configuration [Ne] 3s^2. To what group does magnesium belong?
Group 2
Group 3
Group 5
Group 12
The elements in Group 1 are also known as the
alkali metals
rare-earth series
Period 1 elements
actinide series
A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons is called
electron affinity
electron configuration
electronegativity
ionization potential
a positive ion is known as a(n)
ionic radius
valence electron
cation
anion
A negative ion is known as a(n)
ionic radius
valence electron
cation
anion
in Group 2 elements, the valence electrons are in sublevel
d
p
s
f
for groups 13 through 18, the number of valence electrons is equal to the group number
plus 1
plus the period number
minus the period number
minus 10
In groups 13 through 18,valence electrons may be in sublevels
s and d
s and p
d and f
p and d
Which groups in the main group have lower electronegativity than d-block elements
Groups 1 and 2
Groups 13 through 18
Groups 17 and 18
Groups 13 through 17
A chemical bond results from the mutual attraction of the nuclei of atoms and
electrons
protons
neutrons
dipoles
The electrons involved in the formation of a chemical bond are called
dipoles
s electrons
Lewis electrons
valence electrons
In a chemical bond, the link between atoms results from the attraction between electrons and
Lewis structures
nuclei
van der Waals forces
isotopes
atoms are ___ when they are combined
more stable
less stable
not bound together
at a high potential energy
The chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is called a(n)
ionic bond
orbital bond
Lewis structure
covalent bond
A covalent bond results when ______ are shared
ions
Lewis structure
electrons
dipoles
Most chemical bonds are
purely ionic
purely covalent
partly ionic and partly covalent
metallic
The percentage ionic character and the type of bond in LiCI (electronegativity for Li is 1.0; electronegativity for Cl is 3.0) is
50%; ionic
50%; polar covalent
67%; polar covalent
67%; ionic
A ___ shows the types and numbers of atoms joined in a single molecule of a molecular compund
molecular formula
chemical formula
covalent bond
ionic bond
Which of the following is NOT an example of molecular formula?
H2O
B
NH3
O2
A covalent bond forms when the attraction between two atoms is balanced by repulsion and the potential energy is
at a maximum
zero
at a minimum
equal to the kinetic energy
In drawing a Lewis structure, the central atom is the
atom with the greatest mass
atom with the highest atomic number
atom with the fewest electrons
least electronegative atom
A shorthand representation of the composition of a substance using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts is called a(n)
Lewis structures
chemical formula
poly-atomic ion
multiple bond
an ionic compound is not represented by a molecular formula because an ionic compound
does not contain bonds
does not have charged particles
lacks molecules
always has a positive charge
In a crystal, the valence electrons of adjacent ions
repel each other
Attract each other
neutralize each other
have no effect to each other
The simplest repeating unit of a crystal is known as a(n)
unit cell
crystal lattice
ionic compound
salt
The lattice energy is a measure of
strength of an ionic bond
strength of a metallic bond
strength of a covalent bond
number of ions in a crystal
Lattice energy is the energy released in the formation of a(n)
Lewis structure
polar covalent compound
non-polar covalent compound
ionic compound
If the lattice energy of compound A is greater then that of compound B
compound A is not an ionic compound
the bonds in compound A are stronger than the bonds in compound B
compound B is probably a gas
compound A has larger crystals than compound B
Ionic compounds are brittle because the strong attractive forces
Allow the layers to shift easily
cause the compound to vaporize easily
keep the surface dull
hold the layers in relatively fixed positions
The properties of both ionic and molecular compounds are related to the
lattice energies of the compounds
strengths of attraction between the particles in the compounds
number of covalent bonds each contains
mobile electrons that they contain
A chemical bond formed by the attraction between positive ions and surrounding mobile electrons is a(n)
non-polar covalent bond
ionic bond
polar covalent bond
metallic bond
In metals, the valence electrons
are attached to particular positive ions
are shared by all of the atoms
are immobile
form covalent bonds
In the electron-sea model of a metallic bond
electrons are stationary
electrons are bonded to particular positive ions
some electrons are valence electrons and some are not
mobile electrons are shared by all the atoms
The shiny appearance of a metal is most closely related to the matal's
electron-sea
covalent bonds
brittle crystalline structure
positive ions
As light strikes the surface of a metal, the electrons in the electron sea
allow the light to pass through
become attached to particular positive ions
fall to lower energy levels
absorb and re-emit the light
Shifting the layers of an an ionic crystal causes the crystal to
be drawn into the wire
shatter
become metallic
freeze
Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of the chlorate ion, CIO3−
trigonal planar
octahedral
trigonal pyramidal
bent
Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of carbon dioxide, CO2
tetrahedral
linear
bent
octahedral
Hybridization helps explain molecular bonding when the valence electrons on the uncombined atoms
total more than 8
are in orbitals with different shapes
total less than 3
are not available for bonding
A polar molecule contains
ions
a region of positive charge and a region of negative charge
only London forces
no bonds
How many atoms of flouring are present in a molecule of carbon tetraflouride, CF4
1
2
4
5
Which formula does NOT represent a molecule?
H2O
NH3
CO2
NaCl
What is the formula for the compound formed by calcium ions and chloride ions
CaCl
Ca2Cl
CaCl3
CaCl2
What is the formula for tin(IV) chromate
Sn(CrO4)4
Sn2(CrO4)2
Sn2(CrO4)4
Sn(CrO4)2
Name the compound CuCO3
copper (I) carbonate
cupric trioxycarbide
Cuprous carbide
Copper (II) carbonate
Name the compound SiO2
silver oxide
silicon oxide
silicon dioxide
monosilicon dioxide
What is the formula for nitrogen triflouride
NiF3
NF3
N3F
Ni3F
What is the oxidation number of carbon in Cl4
-4
+1
+4
+5
Name the compound N2O2 using the Stock system
dinitrogen monoxide
nitrous oxide
nitrogen(II) oxide
nitrogen oxide(II)
Name the compound SO2 using the Stock system
sulfur(II) oxide
sulfur(IV) oxide
sulfur dioxide
sulfuric oxide
Name the compound SiO2 using the Stock system
silica
silicon oxide
silicon dioxide
silicon(IV) oxide
The molar mass of H2O is 18.015 g/mol. How many grams of H2O are present in 0.20 mol?
0.2 g
3.6 g
35.9 g
89.9 g
What is the percentage composition of CO?
50% C, 50% O
12% C, 88% O
25% C, 75% O
43% C, 57% O
What is the percentage composition of CuCl2
33% Cu, 66% Cl
50% Cu, 50% Cl
65.50% Cu, 34.50% Cl
47.263 Cu, 52.737% Cl
What is the percentage composition of OH- in Ca(OH)2
45.9%
66.6%
75%
90.1%
The empirical formula may not represent the actual composition of a unit of a(n)
ionic compound
molecular compound
atom
crystal
what is the empirical formula for a a compound that is 36.1% Ca and 63.9% Cl
CaCl
Ca2Cl
CaCl2
Ca2Cl2
A compound that contains 27.3 g of C and 27.7 g of O. What is the empirical formula for this compound
CO
CO2
C2O
C2O4
The empirical formula and the formula mass of a compound are needed to determine the compound's
molecular formula
bond energy
lattice structure
toxicity
A compound'd empirical formula is C2H5. If the formula mass is 58 amu, what is the molecular formula
C3H6
C4H10
C5H8
C5H15
A compound'd empirical formula is NO2. If the formula mass is 92 amu, what is the molecular formula
NO
N2O2
NO4
N2O4
A compound'd empirical formula is CH3. If the formula mass is 30 amu, what is the molecular formula
CH3
CH4
C2H6
C3H9
