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Rock Classification, Cycle and Minerals

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

__________ sedimentary rocks form when chemicals in water come out of the water and form solids.

a)

Chemical (or nonclastic)

b)

Clastic

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Igneous

2.

The root words "______" mean change.

a)

meta and MORPH

b)

beta and POWER

c)

alpha and GEO

d)

rock and CYCLO

3.
Granite is an example of a ___________ rock.
a)
intrusive
b)
extrusive
4.

Obsidian is an example of _______________ rock.

a)

intrusive

b)

extrusive

5.
Natural gas and petroleum are found in ___________ rock layers.
a)
sedimentary
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
all
6.
Limestone becomes _________ when temperature and pressure increase!
a)
marble
b)
granite
c)
sandstone
d)
feldspar
7.

_________ metamorphism occurs when magma or lava comes in contact with, or touches, surrounding rock.

a)

Contact

b)

Pressure

c)

Regional

8.

Clastic rocks are classified by the size of the __________ that form them.

a)

sediments

b)

metamorphic rocks

c)

plates

d)

igneous rocks

9.

The two main types of sedimentary rocks are ___________ and _________.

a)

chemical (nonclastic), clastic

b)

sedimentary, metamorphic

c)

igneous, metamorphic

d)

heat, pressure

10.
Once magma is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called __________.
a)
lava
b)
magma
c)
deposition
d)
sediments
11.
This type of igneous rock has medium to large crystals when it forms.
a)
Intrusive
b)
Extrusive
12.
This type of igneous rock has little or no crystals when it forms.
a)
Extrusive
b)
Intrusive
13.
Limestone often contains ___________.
a)
fossils
b)
gold
c)
diamonds
d)
feldspar
14.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
15.
This rock was formed when magma cooled very slowly inside the Earth. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
16.

The Mohs Scale can be applied to rocks as well as minerals. Why? What property of rock is being observed when looking for whether or not it scratches other rocks and minerals?

a)

cleavage

b)

luster

c)

hardness

d)

streak

17.
One common use for the igneous rock granite is...
a)
building material
b)
cutting tools
c)
abrasion in polishing
d)
cement
18.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
19.
What property of rock is being observed when looking for how easily it breaks or splits evenly?
a)
cleavage
b)
luster
c)
hardness
d)
streak
20.
Large rocks can be broken down into smaller rocks by wind and water.  These small rocks can break down into very tiny pieces called _______.
a)
minerals
b)
pebbles
c)
sediments
d)
chalk
21.

What will happen if an igneous rock is put under an extreme amount of heat and pressure?

a)

it will melt into lava

b)

it will weather and erode

c)

it will become a metamorphic rock

d)

it will become a sedimentary

22.

When molten rock undergoes crystallization (cools, hardens, & grows crystals) above ground, what type of rock results?

a)

Intrusive igneous rock

b)

Extrusive igneous rock

c)

Metamorphic rock

d)

Sedimentary rock

23.

What combination of processes can transform (change) a metamorphic rock to sediments?

a)

Erosion, crystallization, and melting.

b)

Heating, pressure, and lithification.

c)

Melting, crystallization, and compaction.

d)

Exposure, weathering, and erosion.

24.

According to the rock cycle, which of the following transitions are possible? Assume an unlimited number of steps.

a)

An intrusive igneous rock becomes a sedimentary rock.

b)

A sedimentary rock becomes soil.

c)

A metamorphic rock becomes an extrusive igneous rock.

d)

All of the above are possible.

25.

If you examine a rock sample and observe (see) fossils in it, what type of rock does the sample represent?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Fossils are found in several of the types listed above.

26.

The location marked by the black rectangle is characterized by high temperature and pressure. What rock type would most likely be formed in this location?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

None of the above

27.

Which of the rock samples below is most likely to be a metamorphic rock?

a)

Sample A

b)

Sample B

c)

Sample C

d)

Sample D

28.
Sedimentary rocks are formed by
a)
Cooling of lava or magma
b)
Heat and pressure
c)
Compacting and cementing
29.
What is deposition?
a)
Pieces of sediment come to rest on a surface
b)
Movement of sediment
c)
Breaking down of sediment 
30.
Small pieces of rock are also called
a)
sediment
b)
coal
c)
organic matter
d)
erosion
31.
The process of layers become stuck together forming sedimentary rocks
a)
sticking
b)
pressuring
c)
cementation
d)
deposition
32.
Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical. 
Sandstone
a)
Clastic 
b)
Organic
c)
Chemical
33.
Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical.
Limestone made from shells
a)
Clastic
b)
Organic
c)
Chemical
34.
Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical. 
Conglomerate
a)
Clastic
b)
Organic
c)
Chemical
35.
Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical. 
Coal
a)
Clastic
b)
Organic
c)
Chemical
36.
Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical. 
Shale
a)
Clastic
b)
Organic
c)
Chemical
37.

What must happen to a metamorphic rock before it becomes a sedimentary rock rock?

a)

It must be broken down into sediment

b)

It must be melted into magma

c)

Its minerals must dissolve in water

d)

It must be exposed to high temperature and pressure

38.

These rocks are often foliated, meaning they have layers.

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Sediment

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Igneous

39.

Fossil fuels are formed in sedimentary rocks when _____________ forces out all of the water and air in the layer.

a)

cementation

b)

compaction

c)

heat

d)

pressure

40.
The oldest layer in sedimentary rock can be found where?
a)
At the top
b)
At the bottom
c)
In the middle
d)
In France
41.
Which of these is needed to create fossil fuels?
a)
Lots of pressure
b)
Heat from within the Earth
c)
Millions of years
d)
All of these
42.
The top layer of sediments in a sedimentary rocks is...
a)
The newest and youngest layer.
b)
The oldest layer.
c)
The only layer that is made from pebbles.
d)
The second layer of sediments.
43.

Which of the following is not a sediment in sedimentary rocks?

a)

Bits of sand

b)

Crushed pieces of granite

c)

Shells

d)

Tiny pieces slate

44.
Has large crystals because of slow cooling
a)
sedimentary rock
b)
metamorphic rock
c)
intrusive igneous rock
d)
extrusive igneous rock
45.
Has small or no crystals because of rapid cooling
a)
sedimentary
b)
metamorphic
c)
extrusive igneous
d)
intrusive igneous
46.
Has wavy bands.
a)
sedimentary rock
b)
metamorphic rock
c)
extrusive igneous rock
d)
intrusive igneous rock
47.
Contains fossils. 
a)
sedimentary rocks
b)
metamorphic rocks
c)
extrusive igneous rocks
d)
intrusive igneous rocks
48.
A metamorphic rock in which the grains line up in parallel bands is a
a)
Clastic Rock
b)
Nonclastic Rock
c)
Nonfoliated Rock
d)
Foliated Rock
49.
If heat and pressure inside the Earth cause a rock to melt, the material that formed would be
a)
Metamorphic
b)
Magma
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Igneous
50.
The parent rock of Gneiss is
a)
Marble
b)
Granite
c)
Obsidian
d)
Biotite
51.
The three groups of rocks are classified by
a)
How they form
b)
Color
c)
Grain size
d)
Chemical Composition
52.
Fossils are only found in
a)
Sedimentary rocks
b)
Foliated Metamorphic rocks
c)
Igneous Rocks
d)
Nonfoliated Metamorphic rocks
53.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
54.
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
55.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
56.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
57.
Deposition & lithification or compacting & cementing produce
a)
sedimentary rocks
b)
igneous rocks
c)
metamorphic rocks
58.
Cooling & crystalization produce
a)
igneous rocks
b)
metamorphic rocks
c)
sedimentary rocks
59.

The root wood "igni-" or "ign-" means

a)

air

b)

change

c)

fire

d)

water

60.

Think about everything you have learned so far about cycles on Earth. Do parts of the Earth move under its surface in the crust and mantle?

a)

Yes

b)

No

61.

Why are sedimentary rocks the only classification of rock in which it is possible to find fossils? Choose TWO correct answers.

a)

Because sedimentary rocks stay on the surface where they form, and that is where the dead plants and animals are.

b)

Because sedimentary rocks form in water, and water is essential for all living things on Earth.

c)

Because metamorphic rocks form at temperatures between 100 C and 800 C, and the heat would destroy and deform the fossils.

d)

Because igneous rocks are formed from molten rock, and temperatures hot enough to melt rocks into minerals would burn the fossils.

62.

Which of the following may be non-clastic sedimentary rocks? Choose two correct answers!

a)

chemical

b)

classy

c)

organic

d)

halite

63.

What would non-foliated metamorphic rocks look like?

a)

They have distinct bands of mineral crystal bands.

b)

Their mineral crystals are not separated into bands, but are chunks with an even appearance of crystals.

c)

They are much prettier than foliated metamorphic rocks.

64.

What is the correct order in this diagram of deposition and sedimentary rock formation?

a)

1, 2, 3, 4

b)

4, 3, 2, 1

c)

1, A, 2, B

d)

3, 2, 1, 4

65.

Look at this diagram of potential metamorphism. In which layer is it IMPOSSIBLE for metamorphic rocks to form?

a)

Layer A

b)

Layer B

c)

Layer C

d)

Layer D

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