WorksheetsAirway and Respiratory Exam Review 2025
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?
Larynx
Pharynx
Bronchus
Oropharynx
Structures of the lower airway include all of the following, EXCEPT:
alveoli.
the trachea.
the epiglottis.
bronchioles.
The diaphragm is innervated by the _________ nerve, which allows it to contract.
vagus
phrenic
hypoglossal
vestibulocochlear
Which of the following factors will cause a reduction in minute volume in an adult?
Shallow breathing
Increased tidal volume
Respirations of 20 breaths/min
Slight increase in respiratory rate
Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia?
Anxiety
Cyanosis
Tachycardia
Restlessness
Gas exchange in the lungs is facilitated by:
adequate amounts of surfactant.
water or blood within the alveoli.
surfactant-destroying organisms.
pulmonary capillary constriction.
The presence of elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood is called:
acidosis.
hypoxia.
hypoxemia.
hypercarbia.
Which of the following patients is breathing adequately?
A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin
A conscious female with facial cyanosis and rapid, shallow respirations
A conscious male with respirations of 18 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume
An unconscious 52-year-old female with snoring respirations and cool, pale skin
Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called:
ataxic respirations.
agonal respirations.
eupneic respirations.
Cheyne-Stokes respirations.
What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
Vomitus
The tongue
Blood clots
Aspirated fluid
Which of the following organs or tissues can survive the longest without oxygen?
Muscle
Heart
Liver
Kidneys
An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than:
200 PSI
500 PSI
1000 PSI
1500 PSI
The hypoxic drive is influenced by:
high blood oxygen levels.
low blood oxygen levels.
low blood carbon dioxide levels.
high blood carbon dioxide levels.
A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a:
nasal cannula.
nonrebreathing mask.
bag-mask device.
mouth-to-mask device.
. At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to:
24 %
35 %
44 %
52 %
High-flow oxygen with a nasal cannula during the preoxygenation phase of endotracheal intubation is called:
denitrogenation.
apneic oxygenation.
passive ventilation.
active ventilation.
With a good mask-to-face seal and an oxygen flow rate of 15 L/min, the nonrebreathing mask is capable of delivering up to ______% inspired oxygen.
70
80
90
100
Oxygen toxicity is a condition in which:
excessive blood oxygen levels cause the hypoxic patient to stop breathing.
cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood.
significantly low levels of oxygen in the blood damage the cellular tissue.
decreased levels of oxygen in the blood result in free radical production.
The pressure of gas in a full cylinder of oxygen is approximately _______ pounds per square inch (psi).
500
1000
2000
3000
Which of the following oxygen flowmeters is NOT affected by gravity and can be used in any position when attached to an oxygen cylinder?
Vertical-position flowmeter
Bourdon-gauge flowmeter
Ball-and-float flowmeter
Pressure-compensated flowmeter
The primary waste product of aerobic metabolism is:
lactic acid.
pyruvic acid.
carbon dioxide.
adenosine triphosphate.
Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense:
slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
. slight decreases in carbon dioxide and an increase in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
. decreased levels of oxygen in the blood and an increase in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
increased levels of oxygen in the blood and a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when:
ventilation is inadequate due to a traumatic injury or medical condition, which results in an impairment in pulmonary gas exchange.
a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen.
ventilation is compromised, resulting in the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, alveoli, and the tissues and cells of the body.
a traumatic injury or medical condition impairs the body’s ability to effectively bring oxygen into the lungs and remove carbon dioxide from the body.
Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplemental oxygen be administered?
Signs of myocardial infarction and an oxygen saturation of 97%
Exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 94%
Any diabetic patient whose oxygen saturation is less than 98%
Any elderly patient whose oxygen saturation is less than 95%
The nasal cannula is MOST appropriately used in the prehospital setting:
when the patient cannot tolerate a nonrebreathing mask.
if the patient’s nasopharynx is obstructed by secretions.
if long-term supplemental oxygen administration is required.
when the patient breathes primarily through his or her mouth.
