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Climate Concepts

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 2hrs 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the difference between climate and weather?

a)

climate happens in that moment, weather happens over time

b)

weather happens in that moment, climate happens over time

c)

No difference, they mean the same thing.

2.

During an El Nino event, wids in the western Pacific Ocean strengthen and push __________________ eastward

a)

warm water

b)

warm air

c)

cold water

d)

cold air

3.

Latitude strongly influences climate becasue ________ solar energy falls on areas that are closer to the equator than to the poles.

a)

the same amount of

b)

sometimes less

c)

more

d)

less

4.

Climate in a regions is

a)

Determined only by seasonal daylight hours

b)

Never affected by ocean currents

c)

the atmospheric conditions on a given day

d)

the long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions

5.

La Nina is the __________ phase of the El Nino - Southern Oscillation cycle.

a)

warm

b)

neutral

c)

mixing

d)

cold

6.

Which affects wind more?

a)

Longitude

b)

Latitude

c)

Earth's tilt

d)

Solar Activity

7.
What are the two main factors that determine the climate of an area?
a)
precipitation and humidity
b)
temperature and air pressure
c)
wind conditions and humidity
d)
temperature and precipitation
8.
Large bodies of water affecting the temperature of  region in an example of which climatic element?
a)
Influence of elevation
b)
Proximity to water
c)
Influence of ocean currents
d)
Influence of latitudes
9.
How do ocean currents influence climate?
a)
Ocean currents influence the waves of the Ocean
b)
Ocean
c)
Ocean currents influence precipitation
10.
A continuous, directed movement of ocean water.
a)
Ocean Current
b)
Ocean Climate
c)
Ocean Pollution
d)
Ocean Concurrent
11.

Based on the Rainshadow Effect, the leeward side of a mountain will be ___________________ and windward side (near the ocean) will be _________.

a)

wet and dry

b)

dry and wet

c)

wet on both sides

d)

dry on both sides

12.

On a climograph the Line Graph measures?

a)

Precipitation

b)

Temperature

13.

What Hemisphere is Sydney Australia?

a)

Northern Hemisphere

b)

Southern Hemisphere

14.

This location gets

a)

All four seasons

b)

Wet/Dry Seasons

c)

Spring Summer Fall

15.

What type of Climate would you find at the high latitudes?

a)

warm summers and cool winters

b)

cold all year long

c)

hot all year long

d)

hot summer and cold winters

16.

Large bodies of water such as oceans or lakes ________________ temperatures.

a)

Raise

b)

Lower

c)

Moderate or Even out

d)

Don’t change

17.
The biggest factor in determining climate is?
a)
elevation
b)
an ocean
c)
latitude
d)
mountain
18.
What is the best explanation for these two statements?
1. Some mountains located near the Earth's Equator have snow-covered peaks. 
2. Icecaps exist at the Earth's poles.
a)
High elevation and high latitude have a similar effect on climate. 
b)
Both mountain and polar regions have arid climates.
c)
Mountain and polar regions receive more energy from the Sun than other regions.
d)
An increase in snowfall and an increase in temperature have a similar effect on climate. 
19.
What effect does a large body of water usually have on a nearby landmass?
a)
The water causes cooler summers and colder winters. 
b)
The water causes cooler summers and warmer winters. 
c)
The water causes hotter summers and warmer winters. 
d)
The water causes warmer summers and colder winters. 
20.
The planetary winds on Earth are indicated by the curving arrows in the diagram. 
The curved paths of the planetary winds are a result of 
a)
changes in humidity.
b)
changes in temperature.
c)
Earth's rotation on its axis
d)
Earth's gravitational force
21.
What is weather over a long period of time?
a)
A tropical vacation
b)
Weather
c)
Climate
d)
Science
22.
As you go to the top of a mountain, what happens to temperature?
a)
Nothing
b)
It increases
c)
It decreases
d)
It goes up and down
23.
Winds that blow from the west are called ____.
a)
Easterlies
b)
Polars
c)
Westerlies
d)
Temperates
24.
The sun’s rays are least direct __________.
a)
near the poles.      
b)
in July.
c)
near the equator.
d)
far from the ocean.
25.
Large bodies of water affect climate of the land next to them because
a)
water heats up and cools more slowly than land
b)
water heats up and cools faster than land
c)
water and land cool at the same time
d)
water and land heat at the same rate
26.
Two factors to determine climate are
a)
precipitation and temperature
b)
hurricanes and tornadoes
c)
humidity and pressure
27.
Which of the following will heat the fastest? 
a)
water
b)
land
c)
both heat at equal rates
28.

The _______ of a mountain range is the side that receives a lot of precipitation.

a)

windward side

b)

leeward side

29.

Because of its high _______________, Mount Everest has a cool climate all year.

a)

Elevation

b)

Latitude

c)

Water level

d)

level of snow

30.
The biggest factor in determining climate is?
a)
elevation
b)
an ocean
c)
latitude
d)
mountain
31.
The closer you live to an ocean the more likely your climate will be?
a)
maritime
b)
continental
c)
tropical
d)
polar
32.

The map shows an eastern portion of North America. Points A and B represent locations on the eastern shoreline. Which factor is primarily responsible for location A having a lower average yearly temperature than location B?

a)

A) nearness to a large body of water

b)

B) elevation

c)

C) latitude

d)

D) prevailing winds

33.

The photograph below shows Mt. Kilimanjaro, a volcano in Africa, located near the equator. Which climate factor is responsible for the snow seen on Mt. Kilimanjaro?

a)

A) high latitude

b)

B) high elevation

c)

C) nearness to a cold ocean current

d)

D) nearness to a high-pressure weather center

34.

Compared to the climate conditions of dry inland locations, the climate conditions of locations influenced by a nearby ocean generally result in

a)

A) hotter summers and colder winters, with a larger annual range of temperatures

b)

B) hotter summers and colder winters, with a smaller annual range of temperatures

c)

C) cooler summers and warmer winters, with a larger annual range of temperatures

d)

D) cooler summers and warmer winters, with a smaller annual range of temperatures

35.

Which ocean current warms the climate along a continent's east coast?

a)

A) California Current

b)

B) Brazil Current

c)

C) Falkland Current

d)

D) Guinea Current

36.

The arrows in the diagram below represent the movement of air over a mountain. Clouds are forming on the windward side of this mountain because the air is

a)

A) expanding and cooling to the dewpoint

b)

B) expanding and warming to the dewpoint

c)

C) compressing and cooling to the dewpoint

d)

D) compressing and warming to the dewpoint

37.

How does the average annual surface temperature compare from latitude to latitude?

a)

As latitude increases, the average annual surface temperature decreases.

b)

As latitude increases, the average annual surface temperature remains the same.

c)

As latitude increases, the average annual surface temperature increases.

d)

Well, it's not this one. 

38.

At which latitudes do currents of dry, sinking air cause the dry conditions of Earth's major deserts?

a)

0° and 30°N

b)


60°N and 60°S

c)

30°N and 30°S

d)

60°S and 90°S

39.

Which location probably has the greatest annual rainfall?

a)

A

b)

C

c)

F

d)

D

40.

Which graph best shows the general effect that differences in elevation above sea level have on the average annual temperature?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

41.

Which location probably has the greatest range in temperature during the year? 

a)

A

b)

B

c)

H

d)

D

42.
If differences in air pressure produce winds, what can you conclude about temperature and air pressure based on the figure?
a)
As warm air rises, it creates an area of lower pressure, and cooler air flows in as wind
b)
Warm air is denser than cold air is, creating an area of high pressure the produces wind.
c)
Winds flow from areas of low pressure to areas high pressure when temperature is warmer
d)
Air pressure decreases at night because temperature is lower, producing land and sea breezes
43.
If differences in air pressure produce winds, what can you conclude about temperature and air pressure based on the figure?
a)
As warm air rises, it creates an area of lower pressure, and cooler air flows in as wind
b)
Warm air is denser than cold air is, creating an area of high pressure the produces wind.
c)
Winds flow from areas of low pressure to areas high pressure when temperature is warmer
d)
Air pressure decreases at night because temperature is lower, producing land and sea breezes
44.
At the seashore late in the afternoon on a hot day, a person often feels a strong breeze coming from the ocean because...
a)
the pounding waves generate air currents
b)
warm air over the ocean rushes in to replace the cool air that rises over the land
c)
the heavy, cool air over the ocean rushes in to replace the warm air that rises over the land
d)
there are no clouds to block the wind coming in from the ocean
45.

Heat transfer by convection is caused by differences in what two things:

a)

Thickness and material

b)

Weight and electricity

c)

Temperature and density

46.

Energy for convection in the atmosphere and hydrosphere comes from...

a)
The sun
b)
The moon
c)
Solar winds
d)
The ocean
47.
In convection, COOL air
a)
Rises
b)
Sinks
48.
In convection, WARM air
a)
Rises
b)
Sinks
49.
What is one role of the ocean in convection?
a)
to provide a home for animals
b)
to absorb & release heat
c)
To surf on
d)
To drink from
50.

The Gulf Stream is a current that brings warm ocean water from the south (near Florida) to the north (Europe). What type of heat transfer is this?

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

Insolation 

51.

This Image represents...

a)

Downwelling

b)

Upwelling

c)

Thermohaline circulation

d)

Rip Current

52.
The Coriolis Effect is caused by
a)
Earth rotating around the sun
b)
Earth rotating on its axis
c)
The tides
d)
Gravity
53.
Due to the Coriolis Effect, water in the southern hemisphere moves
a)
clockwise
b)
counter-clockwise
c)
both
d)
neither
54.
Due to the Coriolis Effect, water in the northern hemisphere moves
a)
clockwise
b)
counter clockwise
c)
both
d)
neither
55.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
56.
Deep Ocean currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
57.

______ causes surface currents.

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

density differences

d)

wind

58.

The more scientific name of the Global Conveyor Belt is _____.

a)

halinethermal circulation

b)

thermohaline circulation

c)

thermodensity circulation

59.
As you go deeper in the ocean, the water is colder and less salty.
a)
True
b)
False
60.
The large, circular surface-current pattern found in each ocean.
a)
California Current
b)
Surface Current
c)
Gyre
d)
Global Conveyor Belt
61.

The __________ is a surface current that flows along the eastern US and brings warm water to Europe.

a)

California Current

b)

Gulf Current

c)

North American Gyre

d)

Arctic Current

62.
What causes ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere to curve to the right?
a)
Earth's orbit around the Sun
b)
Earth's spinning on its axis
c)
Earth's magnetic field
d)
Earth's force of gravity
63.

Which type of water would create a deep ocean current?

a)

Hot, salty water

b)

Cold, freshwater

c)

Cold, salty water

d)

Hot, freshwater

64.

Where do cold currents move towards?

a)

The South Pole

b)

The Equator

c)

The North Pole

d)

Antarctica

65.

Where does the ocean get most of it's heat from?

a)

Underwater volcanoes

b)

Radiation in the inner core

c)

Light from the Sun

d)

Friction caused by tectonic plates hitting each other

66.

Where would the ocean be the warmest?

a)

North Pole

b)

Equator

c)

South Pole

d)

Deep under the surface

67.

Why would the North and South Pole have the coldest ocean water?

a)

The poles have more concentrated sunlight

b)

The poles get more direct sunlight

c)

The poles have too much salt in the water

d)

The poles get less light

68.

What do we call the continuous flow of water in the ocean?

a)

Ocean Current

b)

Ocean Flow

c)

Ocean Stream

d)

Global Ocean Belt

69.

Where do warm ocean currents start?

a)

North Pole

b)

Near Antarctica

c)

South Pole

d)

Equator

70.

Where do warm ocean currents move towards?

a)

The poles

b)

The bottom of the ocean

c)

Antarctica

d)

Equator

71.

Where do cold currents come from?

a)

Equator

b)

The surface of all oceans

c)

Inner core

d)

The poles

72.

Where do cold currents move towards?

a)

The South Pole

b)

The Equator

c)

The North Pole

d)

Antarctica

73.

Which of these things would NOT affect an ocean current?

a)

Global Wind

b)

Salinity

c)

Outer Core

d)

Temperature

74.

What would be the MOST dense?

a)

Cold, salty water

b)

Cold, freshwater

c)

Hot, freshwater

d)

Hot, salty water

75.

Which of these would be the LEAST dense?

a)

Hot, freshwater

b)

Cold, salty water

c)

Hot, salty water

d)

Cold, freshwater

76.

Which type of water would create a deep ocean current?

a)

Hot, salty water

b)

Cold, freshwater

c)

Cold, salty water

d)

Hot, freshwater

77.

Which is the catalyst (source) that creates the Equatorial Low Pressure zone between 0 degrees latitude and 30 degrees N/S near the equator?

a)

precipitation

b)

convection created by the sun's solar energy

c)

prevailing Westerlies wind belt

d)

tropical rain forests

78.

Air always flows from _____ pressure to _____ pressure.

a)

low to high

b)

high to low

c)

east to west

d)

north to south

79.

What is the name of the prevailing winds that are found between 60 degrees N/S latitude and 90 degrees N/S latitude?

a)

south east trade winds

b)

north east trade winds

c)

westerlies

d)

polar easterlies

80.

What is the name of the prevailing winds found between 0 degrees N/S latititude and 30 degrees N latitude?

a)

polar easterlies

b)

westerlies

c)

north east trade winds

d)

south east trade winds

81.

Name the prevailing winds that are found between 30 degrees N/S latitude and 60 degrees N/S latitude?

a)

westerlies

b)

south east trade winds

c)

polar easterlies

d)

north east trade winds

82.

What type of pressure zone is located at the equator?

a)

Low

b)

High

c)

Medium

d)

none of your business

83.

What type of pressure zone is located approximately at 30 degrees N/S latitude?

a)

low

b)

high

c)

medium

d)

large

84.

Warm water flows away from the equator toward the poles, and cold water flows back toward the equator

a)

true

b)

false

85.

(Choose two answers) Ocean currents affect (influence)

a)

temperature by moderating the climate (land) near them

b)

your mood (state of mind)

c)

weather

d)

precipitation amounts

86.

the warm Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift help[ keep the climate (temperature) of Europe moderate (milder).

a)

true

b)

false

87.

Warm ocean currents flowing along a coastal region cool the air and prevents warm air and moisture it holds from falling to earth.

a)

true

b)

false

88.

Which ocean current affects (moderates) the land to aid in forming the cold water desert, The Atacama?

a)

Gulf Stream

b)

Peru Current

c)

Benguela Current

d)

Mozambique Current

89.

Which warm ocean current influences (moderates) Houston, TX?

a)

California Current

b)

North Atlantic Drift

c)

South Equatorial Current

d)

Gulf Stream

90.

Concerning Zones of Latitude, what is the name of the latitudinal zone that is found between 30 degrees N/S latitude and 60 degrees N/S latitude?

a)

temperate

b)

tropical

c)

polar

d)

Tropic of Cancer

91.

If its 100 degrees F at the base of a mountain and you climb 13,000 ft to the summit, what would be the temperature when you reach the summit?

a)

44.5 degrees F

b)

35.5 degrees F

c)

54.5 degrees

d)

45.5 degrees F

92.

Which moves from high pressure to low pressure? (may be more than one answer)

a)

wind currents

b)

ocean currents

c)

zones of latitude

d)

topography

93.

Which side of a mountain receives the most precipitation in the Rain Shadow Effect?

a)

top

b)

windward

c)

bottom

d)

leeward

94.

Which side of a mountain experiences rain shadow desert in the Rain Shadow Effect?

a)

top

b)

bottom

c)

windward

d)

leewared

95.

Which of the 4 Influencing Factors on Climate does the Rain Shadow Effect fall under?

a)

wind and ocean currents

b)

latitude

c)

elevation

d)

topography

96.

Climate is the average annual weather conditions in a given location.

a)

True

b)

False

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