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Unit 5: Ecology Review

Total questions: 81

Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The non-living parts of an ecosystem (e.g. soil, water, weather).

a)

abiotic factors

b)

biotic factors

c)

oxygen

d)

soil

2.
It is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Biotic System
c)
Abiotic System
d)
None of the choices
3.
These are organisms that creates their own food such as plants and trees.
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Producers
d)
Consumers
4.

When a plant is eaten by a grasshopper, the grasshopper is called:

a)

Producer

b)

Primary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Tertiary consumer

5.

When a plant is eaten by a caterpillar and the caterpillar is eaten by a frog, the frog belongs to:

a)

Producer

b)

Primary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Tertiary consumer

6.

When a plant is eaten by a caterpillar and the caterpillar is eaten by a frog, and the frog is eaten by a snake, the snake belongs to:

a)

Producer

b)

Primary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Tertiary consumer

7.
When the animal dies, what do you call those organisms that break them down?
a)
Producers
b)
Decomposers
c)
Consumers
d)
None of the choices
8.

Communities are a set of populations of different species that interact and share a common point in space that is called _____________________.

a)

biome

b)

biomass

c)

eutrophication

d)

habitat

9.

Very large ecological areas with fauna and flora adapted to their environment. They're classified into the desert, aquatic, forest, grassland, and tundra.

a)

biome

b)

biomass

c)

biosphere

d)

troposphere

10.

A linear depiction of energy flow, which an organism feeding on and deriving energy from the preceding organism.

a)

food chain

b)

food web

11.

A complex model of interconnected food chains in which there are multiple links among species.

a)

Food web

b)

Trophic chain

12.

Which type of succession would occur here?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Both

13.

Which term refers to all the biotic and abiotic factors that interact in a habitat?

a)

population

b)

ecosystem

c)

community

d)

organism

14.

Which term describes "living" things in an ecosystem?

a)

biotic

b)

biosphere

c)

abiotic

d)

prokaryotic

15.

Which term refers to the non-living parts of the ecosystem?

a)

biosphere

b)

abiotic

c)

prokaryotic

d)

biotic

16.

Which term describes a single living thing?

a)

ecosystem

b)

population

c)

organism

d)

community

17.

A collection of the same type of living things is defined as a(n)...

a)

ecosystem

b)

organism

c)

community

d)

population

18.

Which vocabulary term best describes all the different types of living things in a habitat?

a)

population

b)

community

c)

ecosystem

d)

abiotic

19.

Which of these is best described as an organism?

a)
b)
c)
d)
20.

Which picture is best described as a population?

a)
b)
c)
d)
21.

Which of these pictures best illustrates a community?

a)
b)
c)
d)
22.

Which of these is abiotic?

a)
b)
c)
d)
23.

The following image is an example of a(n) _____________.

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

24.

The following image is an example of a(n) ____________.

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

25.

What are the abiotic factors in this image?

a)

water, sunlight, dirt, air

b)

birds and plants

c)

water, plants, and birds

26.

What is ecology?

a)

the study of rocks

b)

the study of relationships between organisms and their environments

c)

the study of the ocean

d)

the study of animals and plants

27.

What is the definition of a population?

a)

all individuals of one kind living in one area

b)

one single organism

c)

any living thing

d)

many different organisms living in one area

28.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
29.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
30.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
31.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
32.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
33.

Which would result in primary succession?

a)

volcano destroying habitat leaving only soil and ash

b)

Tornado destroying a crop leaving very little soil

c)

Glacier retreating exposing bare rock

d)

limiting factors

34.

. Which of the following is an example of primary succession?

a)

A.lichens growing on rocks following a volcanic eruption

b)

B.grasses growing after a forest fire

c)

C.oak trees replacing pine trees in a forest

d)

D. non-native species introduced into a climax community

35.

How has the invasion of pythons effected the everglades ecosystem in terms of species numbers?

a)

The pythons could upset the territorial boundaries of native organisms.

b)

The pythons could adapt to overcome diseases common to native snakes.

c)

The pythons could prey on native organisms and cause native populations to decline.

d)

The pythons could begin to interbreed with native snakes and produce a more successful species.

36.

What is the starting source of energy for all food chains?

a)

grass

b)

sun

c)

bug

d)

mushrooms

37.
What do the arrows represent in a food chain?
a)
Stop
b)
Start
c)
"Gives energy to"
38.
An animal that eats BOTH animals and plants is called an
a)
Herbivore
b)
Omnivore
c)
Carnivore
d)
Habitat
39.

An animal that ONLY eats plants is called a

a)

Herbivore

b)

Carnivore

c)

Omnivore

d)

Plantivore

40.

An animal that ONLY eats other animals is called a

a)

Carnivore

b)

Omnivore

c)

Herbivore

d)

Consumer

41.

Which of the following supply energy TO the bear?

a)

Beaver

b)

Parasol Fungus

c)

Swallowtail Caterpillar

d)

Persimmon Tree

42.

In this food web, the gray fox is a...

a)

Primary Consumer

b)

Secondary Consumer

c)

Both a Primary Consumer and a Secondary Consumer

d)

Producer

43.

If only 10% of the energy in the pyramid is available as you move from one trophic level to the next, what happens to the other 90%?

a)

Passed on to decomposers

b)

Metabolized and "lost" as heat energy and waste

c)

Assembled into tissues of producers permanently

d)

False statement - 100% of the energy is available

44.

If you constructed a food chain, what role does the heron (bird) play?

a)

Producer

b)

Primary Consumer

c)

Secondary Consumer

d)

Tertiary Consumer

e)

Quaternary Consumer (Top Predator)

45.

Which of the following is true?

a)

Level A contains the most producers

b)

Organisms in level B get food directly from level A

c)

Level C contains the largest group of consumers

d)

Level D contains the most heterotrophs

46.

Which is a possible food chain from this energy pyramid?

a)

sunfish -> Algae -> great blue heron -> crustaceans

b)

great blue heron -> crustaceans -> sunfish -> algae

c)

algae -> crustaceans -> sunfish -> great blue heron

d)

crustaceans -> great blue heron -> algae -> sunfish

47.

Which food chain sequence can be found in this meadow?

a)

fruit -> toad -> snake -> mouse

b)

snake -> grasshopper -> deer -> wolf

c)

mouse -> raccoon -> snake -> toad

d)

grass -> grasshopper -> raccoon -> wolf

48.

Each level in an energy pyramid is called

a)

feeding level

b)

energy level

c)

trophic level

49.

The frog in this food web could be considered a second-level and third-level consumer

a)

true

b)

false

50.

Which organism DOES NOT pass energy directly to the eagle?

a)

rat

b)

thrush

c)

frog

d)

dragonfly

51.
Biodiversity refers to
a)
extinct species
b)
the variety of species on Earth
c)
nonrenewable resources
d)
the rate of species decline
52.
What is an invasive species?
a)
A native (naturally found) species which are added to an area. 
b)
A non-native (not naturally found) species added to an area. 
c)
A keystone species in an environment
d)
none of the above
53.
When taken to a new habitat, non-native plants often threaten native plants of the new habitat.  Why do they do this?
a)
Non-native plants are able to mutate rapidly
b)
Non-native  plants cause native animals to relocate
c)
Non-native plants are able to be used for medicine
d)
Non-native plants compete with native plants for resources
54.
What effect will an invasive species have on the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?
a)
The carrying capacity will increase
b)
The carrying capacity for everyone will decrease
c)
The carrying capacity will only decrease for those in competition for same resource
d)
The carrying capacity for all animals will stay the same
55.
Why do the populations of invasive species grow so quickly? 
a)
Invasive Species are native to an area. 
b)
Invasive species are prey to many animals.
c)
Invasive species have no predators.
d)
Invasive species keep the ecosystems in equilibrium.
56.

If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?

a)

It will increase

b)

It will decrease

c)

It will stay the same

d)

It will fluctuate

57.

What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?

a)

1.9 million

b)

1.6 million

c)

1.25 million

d)

1.0 million

58.

The largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support is the...

a)

carrying capacity

b)

population crash

c)

lag phase

d)

mutualism

59.

When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?

a)

The population continues to grow

b)

The population will go extinct due to limited resources

c)

The population starts to die off to return to carrying capacity

d)

The population grows, then finds a new carrying capacity

60.

Food, water, sunlight, shelter, and space are that keep populations from growing exponentially are called...

a)

food chains

b)

ecosystems

c)

communities

d)

limiting factors

61.

Which of the following are examples of density-dependent limiting factors in a rabbit population? (Check all that apply)

a)

increase in predators

b)

climate

c)

disease

d)

amount of sunlight

e)

competition for food

62.

Which statement sounds accurate based on the graph data?

a)

The zebra and lions do not affect each other.

b)

When lion population increases, so does the zebra population.

c)

When the zebra population increases, it causes the lion population to also increase.

d)

When zebra populations increase, the lion population decreases.

63.

A j-shaped curve is a representative model of what type of growth?

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

c)

minimal growth

d)

linear growth

64.

What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

65.

This graph best represents which of the following?

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

66.
When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which of the following is true?
a)
Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.
b)
Growth and immigration rate is greater than death and emigration rate
c)
Growth and immigration rate is less than death and emigration rate.
d)
 Growth rate is exponential.
67.

The common brushtail possum is a marsupial native to Australia. This possum was introduced to New Zealand where it had no natural predators and had an abundant food supply. Which of these likely occurred a few years after the introduction of this possum to New Zealand?

a)

The possums became extinct.

b)

The possum population competed for food and resources

c)

The possum population grew exponentially

d)

The possum population reached its carrying capacity

68.

Two arctic foxes are fighting with a polar bear for a dead sea lion. One fox distracts the bear while the other eats. What type of limiting factor is the polar bear?

a)

Predator-Prey Relationships

b)

Competition

c)

Cooperation

d)

Parasitism

69.

What effect will a decrease in the frog population most likely have on the other trophic levels?

a)

The slug population will decrease, and the heron population will increase.

b)

The slug population will increase, and the heron population will decrease.

c)

The slug and heron populations will increase, and the plant population will decrease.

d)

The slug and heron populations will decrease, and the plant population will increase.

70.

How would the carrying capacity of an ecosystem be affected if there were a decrease in the number of decomposers?

a)

It would increase as a result of more available space.

b)

It would increase due to less competition occurring among organisms.

c)

It would remain the same regardless of the decomposer population.

d)

It would decrease due to a low amount of available nutrients for plants.

71.

The graph below shows the change in the total ecosystem biomass over time.

This overall system change was most likely caused by a rapid decline in the populations at which trophic level?

a)

decomposer

b)

primary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

producer

72.

The graph below represents the fluctuations for a predator and prey population based on the carrying capacity of that particular ecosystem.

Based on the data in the graph, which statement is a valid conclusion?

a)

The increase in prey population is a result of an increased predator population.

b)

The increase in predator population is a result of an increased prey population.

c)

The predator and prey populations increase and decrease at the exact same time.

d)

The predator and prey populations have no effect on each other's population size.

73.

Symbiosis means:

a)

relationship

b)

sharing

c)

helping

d)

harming

74.

Commensalism means:

a)

Living on or in another organism at that organisms expense

b)

consuming another organism

c)

getting a benefit from another organism without harming or helping it

d)

getting a benefit from another organism while helping it

e)

belonging in the same niche with limited resources

75.

Parasitism means:

a)

Living on or in another organism at that organisms expense

b)

consuming another organism

c)

getting a benefit from another organism without harming or helping it

d)

getting a benefit from another organism while helping it

e)

belonging in the same niche with limited resources

76.

mutualism means:

a)

Living on or in another organism at that organisms expense

b)

consuming another organism

c)

getting a benefit from another organism without harming or helping it

d)

getting a benefit from another organism while helping it

e)

belonging in the same niche with limited resources

77.
Ostriches and gazelles eat together.  They both watch for predators and danger.  Since they see things differently, they each can identify threats the other animal may not see.  Both species are benefited.  
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
predation
d)
parasitism
78.
Mistletoe takes water and nutrients from the oak tree. This is good for the mistletoe but bad for the tree.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
competition
79.
A bison walks through the grass, insects fly up and are seen and eaten by egrets.  This neither harms nor helps the bison, but it is easier for the egrets to get food.
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitsm
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
80.
A flea feeds on a mouse’s blood.  This is good for the flea but bad for the mouse.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
competition
81.
Birds build nests out of dead twigs and leaves.  They build their nests in living trees.  This doesn't hurt the tree.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation

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