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The Chemistry of Life

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The forces that holds molecules together are called

a)

chemical bonds

b)

forces

c)

attractions

d)

atoms

2.

These organic molecules provide energy to cells, store energy, and form body structures of plants.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Fats

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic acids

3.

These organic molecules contain instructions for proteins, pass instructions from parents to offspring, help cells to assemble proteins.

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Fats

4.

These organic molecules help cells keep their shape, make up muscles, and speed up chemical reactions

a)

Proteins

b)

Fats

c)

Lipids

d)

Fatty Acids

5.

A(n) _______________ is the smallest basic unit of matter.

a)

element

b)

atom

c)

molecule

d)

compound

6.

A(n) ____________________ is a substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio.

a)

compound

b)

mixture

c)

molecule

d)

covalent bond

7.

A(n) ________________ bond formed when atoms share a pair of electrons.

a)

ion

b)

ionic

c)

covalent

d)

compound

8.

An _____________ is an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons.

a)

ionic bond

b)

electron

c)

ion

d)

molecule

9.

Which of the following is formed when an atom gains or losses electrons?

a)

Element.

b)

Compound.

c)

Molecule.

d)

Ion.

10.

Select all solutions that are acidic.

a)

A solution with a pH of 8.

b)

A solution with a pH of 6.

c)

A solution with a pH of 12.

d)

A solution with a pH of 3.

11.

An ion is formed when an atoms gains or losses

a)

Protons.

b)

Neutrons.

c)

Bonds.

d)

Electrons.

12.

Which substance in the video is the solvent?

a)

salt

b)

water

c)

salt and water

d)

none of the above

13.

The four main types of carbon-based molecules in organisms are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and

a)

starches.

b)

fatty acids.

c)

monosaccharides.

d)

proteins.

14.

Fats, oils, and cholesterol are all types of

a)

cell membranes.

b)

hormones.

c)

lipids.

d)

fatty acids.

15.

Proteins are composed of which molecules?

a)

Amino acids.

b)

Fatty acids.

c)

Monosaccharides.

d)

Nucleic acids.

16.

DNA and RNA are two types of

a)

carbohydrates.

b)

lipids.

c)

proteins.

d)

nucleic acids.

17.

Glycogen, cellulose, and starch are examples of which macro molecule?

a)

Carbohydrates.

b)

Proteins.

c)

Lipids.

d)

Nucleic Acids.

18.

The specific reactants that an enzyme acts on are called

a)

catalysts.

b)

proteins.

c)

substrates.

d)

amino acids.

19.

What is the term for the amount of energy that is needed in order to complete a chemical reaction?

a)

Chemical energy.

b)

Activation energy.

c)

Bond energy.

d)

Reactant energy.

20.

Using the image here; what is represented by the circle in the middle?

a)

Atom.

b)

Nucleus.

c)

Element.

d)

Molecule.

21.

which is not a subatomic particle of an atom

a)

neutron

b)

proton

c)

electron

d)

hydrogen

22.

An electron is the heaviest subatomic particle

a)

true

b)

false

23.

a electron is found in the nucleus

a)

true

b)

false

24.

The clinging of one substance to another. Ex. Water in a glass that shows a meniscus.

a)

cohesion

b)

adhesion

c)

thermal energy

25.

A substance that is dissolved in a solution

a)

solvent

b)

solute

c)

mixture

26.

If a lemon as a pH of 2 is it

a)

basic

b)

acidic

c)

neutral

27.

Water is neutral at a pH of 7

a)

True

b)

False

28.
The 4 macromolecules are
a)
vitamins, lipids, water, micronutrients
b)
micronutrients, macronutrients, water, vitamins
c)
Lipids, Waxes, Vitamin A, Water
d)
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
29.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
30.
This molecules is a
a)
amino acid
b)
nucleic acid
c)
carbohydrate
d)
lipid
31.

The energy needed to start a reaction is called the

a)

activation energy

b)

starting energy

c)

promoting energy

d)

reacting energy

32.

Humans store excess sugar in muscle and liver cells in the form of

a)

glucose

b)

glycogen

c)

starch

d)

cellulose

33.

What does pH measure?

a)

the amount of hydrogen (H+) ions

b)

the amount of hydroxide (OH-) ions

c)

amount of water

d)

all of the above

34.

Which 2 factors can affect the rate of enzyme activity?

a)

Light intensity

b)

Temperature

c)

pH

d)

Oxygen concentration

35.

Which substrate would this enzyme catalyze?

a)
b)
c)
d)
36.
An organic molecule used by humans for quick energy; its basic unit is a monosaccharide
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
37.
A polysaccharide produced by plants that CANNOT be digested by humans
a)
starch
b)
cellulose
c)
glycogen
d)
glycerol
38.
The basic unit of a protein
a)
monosaccharide
b)
glycerol & fatty acids
c)
amino acid
d)
nucleotide
39.
Lipids are made up of three fatty acids and one of these
a)
starch
b)
cellulose
c)
glycogen
d)
glycerol
40.

Water is known as a _______ molecule

a)

non-polar

b)

cold

c)

polar

d)

warm

41.
The diagram shows the general structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
42.
What is the function of macromolecule subunit below?
a)
energy
b)
catalyst
c)
stores genetic information
d)
composes the majority of the cell membrane
43.
Enzymes are considered to be 
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
44.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
they slow down chemical reactions
c)
they speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants 
45.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
46.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
47.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
store genetic information
b)
store energy (long-term)
c)
store energy (short-term)
d)
build skin, hair, nails, muscles
48.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
49.

AToms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons are called.....

a)

ions

b)

molecules

c)

isotopes

d)

compounds

50.

2 or more different types of atoms chemically bonded in a specific ratio.....

a)

ion

b)

compound

c)

isotope

d)

element

51.

When one atom transfers electrons to another atom and then they bond, it is called....

a)

an ionic bond

b)

a covalent bond

52.

Two or more atoms (same or different) chemically bonded. Also known as the smallest unit of a compound.

a)

atom

b)

element

c)

ion

d)

molecule

53.

A slight attraction that can develop between polar molecules when they are near each other (intermolecular forces).

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Van der Waals forces

c)

ionic bond

d)

ionic forces

54.

The attraction between molecules of the SAME substance like the positively charged ends of one water molecule attracting the negatively charged ends of a different molecule......

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

55.

When two or more elements and/or compounds are physically combined not chemically bonded.....

a)

molecule

b)

suspension

c)

solution

d)

mixture

56.

What type of mixture is being shown?

a)

solution

b)

suspension

c)

solven

d)

ionic

57.

A type of mixture where all of the parts dissolve & are evenly distributed throughout.

a)

solution

b)

suspension

58.

Is the solution acidic or basic?

a)

acidic

b)

basic

59.

Gives off hydroxide ions in solution....

a)

ion

b)

solution

c)

base

d)

acid

60.

Single sugar molecules are called......

a)

sucrose

b)

glycogen

c)

monosaccharides

d)

polysaccharides

61.

Starch is....

a)

a plant polysaccharide

b)

an animal polysaccharide

c)

a plant monosaccharide

d)

an animal monosaccharide

62.

An organic macromolecule made of C, H, and O atoms usually combined in a 1:2:1 ratio.

a)

lipid

b)

nucleic acid

c)

carbohydrate

d)

protein

63.

Organic molecule made up mainly of C and H atoms chemically bonded.

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

64.

Main elements found in living things.....

a)

gold, silver, platinum, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen

b)

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur

c)

nitrogen, phosphorus, helium, oxygen, phosphorus

d)

boron, beryllium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus

65.

The monomers of nucleic acids.....

a)

amino acids

b)

glycerol and fatty acids

c)

sugars

d)

nucleotides

66.

What you put into a chemical reaction....

a)

activation energy

b)

enzyme

c)

products

d)

reactants

67.

Completely new types of atoms are formed when chemical reactions take place....

a)

true

b)

false

68.

The reaction represented in the graph is.....

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

69.

The reaction represented in the graph is....

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

70.

The energy required to get a reaction started is called.....

a)

start up energy

b)

exothermic energy

c)

activation energy

d)

catalyst energy

71.

What does an enzyme do?

a)

Decreases the activation energy of a reaction

b)

Increases the activation energy of a reaction

c)

Does not change the activation energy of a reaction

d)

Makes the reaction last longer

72.

Enzymes are large proteins.

a)
b)
73.

Enzymes are not degraded during a reaction and are reused.

a)
b)
74.

Enzymes are proteins.

a)
b)
75.

Enzymes are known as the biological catalysts.

a)
b)
76.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
77.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
78.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
79.
An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell but can only be used once.  True or False? 
a)
true
b)
false
80.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
81.
After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?
a)
a substrate
b)
an enzyme
c)
a product
d)
an active site
82.

What happens to atoms during a chemical reaction?

a)

They are turned into new types of atoms.

b)

They are destroyed.

c)

They are rearranged to form new and different chemicals.

d)

They are created

83.

In the enzyme chemical reaction shown, the reactant would be.....

a)

the enzyme

b)

the active site

c)

maltose

d)

glucose

84.

In the enzyme chemical reaction shown, the product would be.....

a)

the enzyme

b)

the active site

c)

maltose

d)

glucose

85.

Another name for a carbohydrate is.....

a)

a fat

b)

a sugar

c)

an enzyme

d)

a reactant

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