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Ecology Unit test review MIXED

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 3hrs 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Please match

a)

heterotroph

1.

must consume other things for energy

b)

herbivore

2.

Consumer that eats plants

c)

producer

3.

Makes it's own food via photosynthesis

d)

Omnivore

4.

Consumer that eats plants and meat

e)

Carnivore

5.

Consumer that eats meat

2.

Please match the term with its definition

a)

Ecosystem

1.

community (considers living &non things)

b)

Community

2.

groups of diff. species live same area

c)

Biosphere

3.

all ecosystems/ life on Earth

d)

Population

4.

Members of a species in a defined area

e)

Organism

5.

An individual living thing

3.

Organisms that relies on other organisms for food; consumer

a)

herbivore

b)

decomposer

c)

heterotroph

d)

species

4.

A large geographic area characterized by specific climate conditions, plant communities, and animal species, essentially a major type of ecological community. 

a)

ecosystem

b)

biome

c)

community

d)

population

e)

biosphere

5.

What do fungi do to dead plants and animals?

a)

Leave them there

b)

Decompose them

c)

Wait for other animals to eat them

d)

Move away

6.

What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?

a)

The insects in the habitat would increase.

b)

The shrew population would decrease due to being the only hawk food source.

c)

The willow tree population would decrease.

d)

Foxes would die due to no food source. 

7.

In the energy pyramid shown here, how much of the energy in the producers is passed to the herbivores?

a)

10%

b)

20%

c)

80%

d)

90%

8.

Nitrogen fixation processes nitrogen from which of the following sources?

a)

lightning

b)

fertilizers

c)

dead plants

d)

atmosphere

9.

In the food web shown, the snail would be considered a...

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

producer

10.

Which graph depicts exponential growth in a population?

a)
b)
c)
d)
11.

In population ecology, one of the factors studied is a density-dependent factor. Density-dependent factors have the greatest effect on dense populations and little to no effect on very sparse populations. Which of the following would NOT be an example of a density-dependent factor?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Predation

c)

Communicable disease

d)

The average rainfall of a region

12.

A lion and a cheetah attempt to occupy the same niche. The more aggressive lion survives; the cheetah does not.

a)

Density-Dependent: Competition

b)

Density-Independent: Competition

c)

Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey

d)

Density-Independent: Predator-Prey

13.

2 factors which increase population size

a)

Birth Rate, Immigration

b)

Death Rate, Immigration

c)

Birth Rate, Emigration

d)

Death Rate, Emigration

14.

A scientist was studying a population of fish in a pond over a period of 10 years. He observed that the population increased each year for 3 years, and then remained nearly constant for the rest of the study. The best explanation for this observation is that the population had

a)

stopped reproducing

b)

reached carrying capacity

c)

mutated into a different species

d)

run out of food and all died

15.

Match the following

a)
1.

Predation

b)
2.

Commensalism

(+/0 )

c)
3.

Parasitism

(+/-)

d)

4.

Mutualism

(+/+)

16.

When the birth rate is high and the death rate is low, what happens to the population?

a)

The population increases.

b)

The population decreases.

c)

The population stays the same.

d)

All of these.

17.

What is the carrying capacity shown in the graph?

a)

around 500

b)

more than 800

c)

less than 300

d)

around 700

18.

An S-shaped curve is known as:

a)

Exponential graph

b)

Logistic graph

c)

Survivorship curves

d)

Graphs

19.

Emigration is

a)

the movement out of an area

b)

the movement into an area

c)

movement in and out of an area

d)

migration

20.

Why don't populations grow indefinitely?

a)

limiting factors

b)

only biotic factors

c)

only abiotic factors

d)

none of the above

21.

The penguins are spread out evenly. This is an example of:

a)

uniform dispersion

b)

random dispersion

c)

clumped dispersion

d)

unknown

22.

These animals are scattered in this area in no particular order. This is an example of:

a)

random dispersion

b)

uniform dispersion

c)

clumped dispersion

d)

unknown

23.

Trophic levels are represented by 

a)

squares

b)

circles

c)

pyramids

d)

lines

24.

What source provides the energy to feed most food chains?

a)

producers

b)

sun

c)

consumer

d)

decomposers

25.

Which of the following is a herbivore?

a)

cricket

b)

frog

c)

hawk

d)

shrew

26.

An organism that gets energy from breaking down dead organisms, non-living material, or waste is a(an) ___________.

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

d)

autotroph

27.

An organism that uses an outside source of energy, like the sun, to create energy-rich food molecules.

a)

Consumer

b)

Producer

c)

Decomposer

d)

Parasite 

28.

The reason that the biomass pyramid and the energy pyramid look so similar is that...

a)

biomass carries energy

b)

energy carries biomass

c)

no reason - coincidence!

d)

only plants have biomass

29.

Correctly label each trophic level

a)apex predator
b)producers
c)primary consumers
d)secondary consumers
e)tertiary consumers
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
30.

Use the image to answer the question:

How much energy does the apex predator receive?

a)

10,000 kcal

b)

1,000 kcal

c)

100 kcal

d)

10 kcal

31.

Which is a secondary consumer?

A
B
C
D
E
32.

Which image below shows uniform dispersion?

a)

b)

c)

33.

Which image below shows clumped dispersion?

a)

b)

c)

34.

Plant life starting to grow on a volcano.

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

tertiary succession

d)

variable succession

35.

A pioneer species is...

a)

a large organism

b)

the first organisms to adapt to a new environment 

c)

the best organism 

d)

abiotic organisms 

36.

The process by which a new community forms where no community lived before 

a)

resource

b)

invasive (non-native) species

c)

primary succession

d)

competition

37.

Which is the correct order in primary succession?

a)

Rocks, Lichens & Mosses, Bushes & Shrubs, Trees

b)

Lichens & Mosses, Rocks, Trees, Bushes & Shrubs 

c)

Trees, Bushes and Shrubs, Lichens & Mosses, Lichens & Mosses

d)

Rocks, Grass, Trees, Bushes & Shrubs

38.

What type of succession is shown going from Figure A to Figure B?

a)

primary succession

b)

ecological succession

c)

secondary succession

d)

intermediate

39.

Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

old field

d)

ecosystem

40.

What is an ecosystem?

a)

All life, including vegetation and bacteria, in a given area

b)

Members of the same species that live together

c)

All living and non-living things in a given area

d)

All ecosystems that are in some way connected to each other

41.

_______ is when 2 or more species live in close association. 

a)

Predation 

b)

Competition 

c)

Symbiosis 

d)

Food web 

42.

Name the species interaction: A decorator crab camouflages itself with sponges. Sponges are unaffected. 

a)

competition 

b)

predation

c)

commensalism

d)

mutualism 

43.

The outcome of competition often leads to the extinction of one of the competing species.

a)

Character Displacement

b)

Competitive Exclusion

c)

Resource Partitioning 

d)

Brood Parasitism

44.

Competition among members of the same species.

a)

intraspecific competition

b)

interspecific competition

45.

Competition between members of different species.

a)

intraspecific competition

b)

interspecific competition

46.

Commensalism is represented by which of the following symbols?

a)

( - / - )

b)

( + / - )

c)

( + / + )

d)

( + / 0 )

47.

Is this an example of a population or a community?

a)

Population

b)

Community

48.

Reorder the following from least to greatest (from left to right).

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

e)

biome

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
49.

A certain plant needs moisture, carbon dioxide, oxygen, light, and minerals to survive. This scenario shows that this particular living organism depends on .

a)

Biotic Factors 

b)

Abiotic Factors 

50.

Which of the following lists has ONLY Biotic factors?
 

a)

snail, algae, guppy, sunlight

b)

temperature, Daphnia (water flea), snail, guppy (fish)

c)

snail, guppy (fish), Daphnia (water flea), algae

d)

temperature, pH, conductivity, nitrite concentration

51.

What is the process of water falling out of the atmosphere?

a)

Groundwater flow

b)

Precipitation

c)

Water collection

d)

Cloud formation

52.

What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?

a)

Precipitation

b)

Condensation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Evaporation

53.

Which stages does liquid water from the ocean turn into water vapor?

a)

condesantion

b)

evaporation

c)

precipitation

d)

run off

54.

Which of the following add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

a)

volcanoes

b)

combustion of fossil fuels

c)

animal and plant respiration

d)

all of these

55.

Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

a)

deforestation

b)

photosynthesis

c)

burning fossil fuels

d)

cellular respiration

e)

human waster

56.

Which cycle is shown in this diagram?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Carbon

c)

Phosphorus

d)

Water

e)

Oxygen

57.

Process by which water runs down the side of land or soil and is deposited into a body of water.

a)

Weathering

b)

Run-Off

c)

Combustion

d)

Nitrogen-fixing

e)

Precipitation

58.

An organism that feeds on dead or decaying plant or animal remains.

a)

omnivore

b)

herbivore

c)

carnivore

d)

detrivore

59.

A family of plants including beans, alfalfa, and peas, most of which harbor symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria in nodules in their roots.

a)

producers

b)

legumes

c)

prokaryotes

d)

tubers

60.

Bacterial action that results in the combination of atmospheric nitrogen with other elements; making nitrogen available for use by plants.

a)

ammonificaiton

b)

denitrification

c)

nitrification

d)

nitrogen fixation

61.

During which process do legumes and/or bacteria in the soil convert nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into ammonia and/or ammonium?

a)

nitrification

b)

denitrifcation

c)

nitrogen fixation

d)

assimilation

62.
What is algal bloom?
a)
Plants bloom early down stream
b)
Water becomes cloudy
c)
Too much of nutrients
d)
Extremely rapid growth of algea
63.

A gradual process of change and replacement of the types of species in a community.

a)

ecological succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

primary succession

d)

algal bloom

64.

Every food web begins with what abiotic factor?

a)

grass

b)

sun

c)

clouds

d)

rain

65.

Which organism receives the least amount of energy?

a)

birds of prey

b)

snakes

c)

small mammals

d)

insects

66.

If there are 10 sharks in one area, but only 1 fish. What behavior will occur between the sharks?

a)

commensalism

b)

competition

c)

parasitism

67.

A habitat is ___________________.

a)

the place or kind of place in which an animal or plant naturally lives.

b)

is how plants produce their own food.

c)

is an animal that only eats meat.

d)

the place where only one animal lives.

68.

A squirrels niche would be _________________.

a)

hunting prey and providing meat for other squirrels.

b)

searching for fish to eat in the ocean.

c)

staying busy storing nuts and seeds for winter.

d)

help decompose other animals and plants.

69.

Due to RUNOFF Too many nutrients washing into waterways can cause what effect in ponds or rivers (bodies of water)

a)

limestone to disappear

b)

oxygen levels to increase

c)

poisonous algae bloom to grow more rapidly

d)

erosion to increase

70.

When too much algae grows it is called an algal bloom. Why do algal blooms happen?

a)

there are too many nutrients in the water due to RUNOFF

b)

there are too many fish in the water

c)

there is not enough sediment in the water

d)

there is oil in the water

71.

Algal blooms can cause which of the following? PICK 2

a)

low oxygen levels in the water

b)

an increase in fish numbers

c)

fish die offs

d)

high oxygen levels in the water

72.
What is the local, day-by-day variation in the atmosphere's condition called?
a)
climate
b)
weather
c)
temperature
d)
precipitation
73.
What is the year-by-year variation of the atmosphere’s condition over a large area called?
a)
climate
b)
weather
c)
temperature
d)
humidity
74.

Match the sphere to its definition.

a)

Atmo

1.

Air

b)

Bio

2.

Life

c)

Geo

3.

Rock

d)

Hydro

4.

Water

75.
starts with bare rock followed by lichen
a)
primary succession 
b)
secondary succession
c)
both types of succession
76.

Some organisms in an ecosystem are represented in

the pyramid below. In the pyramid, the arrows

labeled X represent

a)

the loss of organisms due to predation

b)

a decrease in photosynthetic organisms

c)

the loss of energy in the form of heat

d)

a decrease in available oxygen

77.

The diagram represents an biomass pyramid.

If 500 kg of organisms were present in trophic level "A", what would be the biomass of trophic level "B"?

a)

500 kg

b)

5,000 kg

c)

50 kg

d)

5 kg

78.
the first organisms that appear in an ecological community
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)

pioneer species

79.
A frog eats a fly. The frog and fly are demonstrating ________.
a)
mutualism
b)
competition
c)
predator/prey
d)
parasitism
80.

Competition between members of the same species is known as INTERspecific competition

a)

True

b)

False, INTRAspecific

81.

The competitive exclusion principle states that no two organisms can occupy exactly the same niche in exactly the same habitat at exactly the same time

a)

True

b)

False, species

82.

This pyramid is known as a ...

a)

An ecological pyramid

b)

A pyramid of energy

c)

A pyramid of biomass

d)

A pyramid of numbers

83.

Deep sea vent bacteria get their energy from

a)

eating other bacteria.

b)

releasing sulfur.

c)

photosynthesis.

d)

chemosynthesis.

84.

The model of the energy available at each level that ALWAYS gets smaller as you go up is the

a)

energy pyramid.

b)

numbers pyramid.

c)

biomass pyramid.

d)

food web.

85.
What type of pyramid does this show?
a)
biomass
b)
energy
c)
numbers
d)
producers
86.

Lakes, rivers, streams, underground aquifers, and dew all belong to this part of the global system:

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

87.

Grass, trees, insects, bacteria, elephants, and humans belong to this part of the global system.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

88.

Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and other greenhouse gases belong to this part of the global system.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

89.

Rocks, lava, fault lines, concrete, and the ocean floor all belong to this part of the global system.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

90.

The study of the complex system of interactions that sustain life on the planet is called

a)

Zoology

b)

Ecology

c)

Chemistry

d)

Economics

91.

Non-living factors in the environment that impact an organisms survival are called

a)

Abiotic

b)

Biotic

c)

Bacteria

d)

Plankton

92.

A group of the SAME species that live together in an ecosystem is called

a)

Community

b)

Cluster

c)

Population

d)

Organism

93.

A group of different species that live together in an ecosystem is called a

a)

Community

b)

Cluster

c)

Population

d)

Organism

94.

What is the correct order of the ecological levels of organization?

a)

Organism, Biosphere, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome

b)

Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere

c)

Organism, Community, Ecosystem, Population, Biome, Biosphere

d)

Population, Community, Biome, Ecosystem, Biosphere, Organism

95.

Wind, rain, temperature, and sunlight are all examples of which?

a)

Biotic factors

b)

Abiotic factors

96.

What are biotic factors in a pond ecosystem?

a)

fish, water lilies, frogs

b)

pond water and rain that falls on the pond

c)

air above the pond and pond water

d)

the sunlight that shines on the pond

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