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Arterial: Disease

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the most common type of arterial disease?

a)

Chronic Peripheral Arterial Disease

b)

Coronary Artery Disease

c)

Carotid Artery Disease

d)

Aortic Aneurysm

2.

What is claudication in the context of Chronic Peripheral Arterial Disease?

a)

MODERATE disease. Pain and muscle fatigue with activity, relieved upon rest.

b)

MILD disease. No symptoms during activity.

c)

SEVERE disease. Constant pain even at rest.

d)

ACUTE disease. Sudden onset of pain without activity.

3.

  • Pseudo-claudication

a)

  • Not vascular related. MSK or neurogenic. Patient
    will have similar pain in extremity but without muscle fatigue or needing to stop.

b)

  • MODERATE disease. Pain & muscle fatigue w/ activity.
    Pt must stop to rest. Pain is relieved upon rest
    Symptom location is constant & distal to level of disease
    Example - Pop disease = calf _______

c)

  • SEVERE disease. Pain in feet & heels at night in bed or when limb is same level as heart. Relieved upon dependency.

d)

  • MOST SEVERE. Ulcers and gangrene in most distal part of limb like toes or bony regions like top of feet.

4.

  • Rest pain

a)

Not vascular related. MSK or neurogenic. Patient
will have similar pain in extremity but without muscle fatigue or needing to stop.

b)

  • MODERATE disease. Pain & muscle fatigue w/ activity.
    Pt must stop to rest. Pain is relieved upon rest
    Symptom location is constant & distal to level of disease
    Example - Pop disease = calf _______

c)

  • SEVERE disease. Pain in feet & heels at night in bed or when limb is same level as heart. Relieved upon dependency.

d)

  • MOST SEVERE. Ulcers and gangrene in most distal part of limb like toes or bony regions like top of feet.

5.

  • Tissue loss/Necrosis

a)

Not vascular related. MSK or neurogenic. Patient
will have similar pain in extremity but without muscle fatigue or needing to stop.

b)

  • MODERATE disease. Pain & muscle fatigue w/ activity.
    Pt must stop to rest. Pain is relieved upon rest
    Symptom location is constant & distal to level of disease
    Example - Pop disease = calf _______

c)

  • SEVERE disease. Pain in feet & heels at night in bed or when limb is same level as heart. Relieved upon dependency.

d)

  • MOST SEVERE. Ulcers and gangrene in most distal part of limb like toes or bony regions like top of feet.

6.

Which vessels are most commonly affected in diabetics with arterial disease?

a)

Tibial vessels

b)

Coronary vessels

c)

Carotid vessels

d)

Renal vessels

7.

Which of the following is a risk factor for arterial disease?

a)

Diabetes

b)

Hypertension

c)

Hyperlipidemia

d)

All of the above

8.

What is the most contributing factor to arterial disease according to the image?

a)

Smoking

b)

High cholesterol

c)

Lack of exercise

d)

Poor diet

9.

____ caused by embolism, usually big toe

a)
Tendonitis
b)

blue toe syndrome

c)
Bunion
d)
Arthritis
10.

Which symptom is associated with moderate arterial disease?

a)

Claudication

b)

Rest pain

c)

Tissue loss/Necrosis

11.

What does 'acute' mean in the context of Acute Arterial Occlusion?

a)

sudden onset

b)

chronic condition

c)

gradual improvement

d)

mild symptoms

12.

what are some physical signs of chronic peripheral arterial disease?

a)

coldness in the lower leg or foot, weak pulses, skin color changes, and non-healing sores.

b)
Swelling in the upper body
c)

thick toenails

d)
Frequent headaches
e)

dry skin, loss of hair

13.

Which of the following is a cause of thrombus in Acute Arterial Occlusion?

a)

Infection

b)

Trauma or dissection

c)

Genetic disorder

d)

Allergic reaction

14.

What is the most common source of embolism in Acute Arterial Occlusion?

a)

The heart

b)

The lungs

c)

The liver

d)

The kidneys

15.

The 6 P's associated with Acute Arterial Occlusion are:

a)

Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia, Paralysis, Polar

b)

Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia, Paralysis, Pyrexia

c)

Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia, Paralysis, Paraplegia

d)

Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia, Paralysis, Paresthesia

16.

Cold Sensitivity/Raynauds phenomenon

a)

Pt experiences symptoms of ischemia in hands or feet when exposed to cold.

Symptoms include: blue or white discoloration, pain, tingling, numbness

b)

Young women w/ bilateral symptoms. Experience vasospasm when cold or

emotionally stressed. Functional disease

c)

caused by something else (like side effect). Pt has existing fixed

arterial disease. May not have ischemia symptoms at rest. When cold,

vasoconstriction worsens ischemia. Most likely unilateral & pt fits chronic PAD

history.

17.

Primary Raynauds:

a)

Pt experiences symptoms of ischemia in hands or feet when exposed to cold.

Symptoms include: blue or white discoloration, pain, tingling, numbness

b)

Young women w/ bilateral symptoms. Experience vasospasm when cold or

emotionally stressed. Functional disease

c)

caused by something else (like side effect). Pt has existing fixed

arterial disease. May not have ischemia symptoms at rest. When cold,

vasoconstriction worsens ischemia. Most likely unilateral & pt fits chronic PAD

history.

18.

Secondary Raynauds:

a)

Pt experiences symptoms of ischemia in hands or feet when exposed to cold.

Symptoms include: blue or white discoloration, pain, tingling, numbness

b)

Young women w/ bilateral symptoms. Experience vasospasm when cold or

emotionally stressed. Functional disease

c)

caused by something else (like side effect). Pt has existing fixed

arterial disease. May not have ischemia symptoms at rest. When cold,

vasoconstriction worsens ischemia. Most likely unilateral and pt fits chronic PAD

history.

19.

Which of the following are symptoms of Cold Sensitivity/Raynauds phenomenon aka ischemia or when feet/hands exposed to cold?

a)

Numbness and tingling in fingers and toes

b)

High fever and chills

c)

Severe headache and dizziness

d)

Persistent cough and sore throat

e)

blue/white discoloration

20.

What is the inflammation of the vessel wall called?

a)

Arteritis

b)

Phlebitis

c)

Thrombosis

d)

Aneurysm

21.

Which disease is known as "Pulseless disease" and affects larger vessels such as the aorta?

  • hint : it affects young asian women

a)

Takayasu

b)

Kawasaki disease

c)

Giant cell arteritis

d)

Polyarteritis nodosa

22.

Match the following aneursym descriptions

some of the symptoms for overall aneurysms are : shock, abdominal pain and bounding pulse

a)

dilation of all 3 layers

1.

true aneurysm

b)

most common aneurysm location

2.

infrarenal

c)

most common cause of aneurysm

3.

atherosclerosis

d)

most common type of aneursym

4.

fusiform

e)

complications

5.

rupture/peripheral embolization

23.

Match the following aneursym descriptions

some of the symptoms for overall aneurysms are : shock, abdominal pain and bounding pulse

a)

false aneurysm

1.

not all 3 layers are dilated

b)

intimal flap, hypertensive pt w/ severe back/check pain

2.

dissecting aneurysm

c)

pulsating hematoma, puncture of all 3 layers occurs post procedure such as catheterization/angio. communicating neck/channel.

3.

pseudoaneurysm

24.

Match the following

a)

congenital narrowing of aortic arch, diminshed pulses & hypertensive young people

1.

coarctation

b)

compression of pop by gastro. muscle. in young athletic men experiencing intermittent claudication.

2.

popliteal entrapment

c)

compression of nerves or blood vessels by shoulder ribs and muscles

3.

thoracic outlet syndrome

d)

compression of artery by swelling trapped inside fascia most often anterior tibial region

4.

compartment syndrome

25.

Buerger’s disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans, most commonly affects which group of people?

a)

Young men (<40yo) that are heavy smokers

b)

Older women

c)

Children

d)

Non-smokers

26.

What is the most common location for an aneurysm?

a)

Infrarenal aorta

b)

Thoracic aorta

c)

Cerebral arteries

d)

Femoral artery

27.

What is the risk associated with a dissecting aneurysm?

a)

High risk of rupture.

b)

Low risk of rupture.

c)

No risk of rupture.

d)

Risk of infection.

28.

What is a pseudoaneurysm also known as?

a)

Pulsating hematoma.

b)

True aneurysm.

c)

Arteriovenous fistula.

d)

Vascular malformation.

29.

Coarctation is the congenital narrowing of which part of the body?

a)

Aortic arch.

b)

Pulmonary artery.

c)

Inferior vena cava.

d)

Superior vena cava.

30.

Which syndrome is caused by the compression of nerves or blood vessels by shoulder, ribs, and muscles?

a)

Thoracic outlet syndrome.

b)

Carpal tunnel syndrome.

c)

Cubital tunnel syndrome.

d)

Piriformis syndrome.

31.

What is the most common location for compartment syndrome?

a)

Anterior tibial region.

b)

Posterior tibial region.

c)

Medial femoral region.

d)

Lateral femoral region.

32.

__________ is hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries.

a)

Arteries

b)

Atherosclerosis

c)

Plaque

d)

Asystole

33.

Secondary raynauds

a)

Unilateral : Caused by something else, like side effect

b)

Pt has existing arterial disease & fits CPAD Hx

c)

When cold vasoconstriction worsens ischemia

d)

No ischemia symptoms at rest

e)

Ischemia at rest

34.

Primary raynauds

a)

Bilateral : young women

b)

Vaso-spasms when cold or emotionally stressed

c)

When cold Vasoconstriction worsens ischemia

d)

Fixed arterial disease & pt fits CPAD HX

35.

What is the most common aneurysm?

a)

Fusiform

b)

Pseudoaneursym

c)

Dissecting

d)

Saccular

36.

bilateral buttock claudication occurs due to;

a)

aortoiliac disease

b)

iliofemoral disease

c)

neurogenic

d)

muscoskeletal

37.

Unilateral buttock claudication occurs due to;

a)

aortoiliac disease

b)

iliofemoral disease

c)

neurogenic

d)

muscoskeletal

38.

if you have symptoms of claudication where is the disease located at?

a)

proximal to symptom

b)

distal to symptom

c)

at symptom location

d)

throughout

39.

if you have thigh claudication this should suggest what?

a)

distal external iliac disease

b)

common femoral disease

c)

femoral popliteal disease

d)

aortoiliac disease

40.

if tez has claudication symptoms in his calf where is the issue located?

a)

aortoiliac disease

b)

femoral disease

c)

popliteal disease

d)

none of these

41.

two-block claudication stands for _______.

a)

specific leg pain after walking 2 block

b)

specific leg pain bilaterally

c)

specific pain after 2 minutes

d)

all of these

42.

seveve rest pain occurs in the ______

a)

heel, toes, forefoot

b)

thigh, knee,calf

c)

calf,heel, toes

d)

all of these

43.

the 7th symptom of acute arterial occlusion is

a)

purplish

b)

rubish

c)

cellulitis

d)

necrosis

44.

atherosclerosis is most common among _____

a)

young age

b)

diabetics

c)

old age

d)

children

45.

diabetics have a higher chance of occlusive disease in the _____

a)

distal popliteal

b)

tibial vessels

c)

femoral

d)

greatersaphenous artery

46.

T/F

poor sensation as a result of neuropathy leads to increase chances of trauma

a)

true

b)

false

47.

systemic hypertension is associated to _____ atherosclerosis

a)

coronary

b)

cerebrovascular

c)

peripheral

d)

none of these

48.

T/F

atherosclerosis is also called arteriosclerosis obliterans

a)

true

b)

false

49.

atherosclerosis occurs most often in _____

a)

carotid bifurcation

b)

ICA

c)

renal artery

d)

ECA

50.


atherosclerosis occurs most often in _____

a)

carotid bifurcation

b)

brachiocephalic vessels

c)

origins of visceral vessels

d)

infrarenal aortoiliac system, common femoral bifurcation

e)

adductors canal, pop trifurcation

51.

_____ caused by obstruction of terminal aorta.

Occurs in MALES

symptoms: fatigue in hips, thighs, calves on exercise. absence of pulsation in femoral arteries, impotence, coldness/palor of lower limbs.

a)

leriche syndrome

b)

may thurners

c)

pagets syndrome

d)

nut-cracker syndrome

52.

obstruction of a blood vessel by a foreign substance or blood clot.

most frequently due to plaque or thrombus breaking loose & lodging in a small vessel usually in a distal artery, improves if there is collateral creation.( associated to blue toe)

a)

leriche syndrome

b)

may-turners

c)

nut-cracker syndrome

d)

pagets- syndrome

e)

embolism

53.

Match the following aneurysms

a)

1.

dissection aneurysm

b)

2.

pseudoanuerysm

c)

3.

fussiform aneurysm

54.

a dissecting aneurysm usually occurs due to weaking of the medial layer which causes an intimal tear. It usually occurs in the ____

a)

thoracic aorta

b)

infrarenal aorta

c)

popliteal artery

d)

aortic arch

55.

arteritis is cause by inflammation of the arterial wall which eventually results in thrombus.

there are 4 types: takayasu(pulseless) arteritis, temporal arteritis, polyarteritis and beurgers disease(thromboangitis obliterates)

which of these causes inflammation in larger blood vessels & is usually found in young Asian women

a)

takayasu artertitis

b)

temporal arteritis

c)

polyarteritis

d)

beurgers disease

56.

arteritis is cause by inflammation of the arterial wall which eventually results in thrombus.

there are 4 types: takayasu(pulseless) arteritis, temporal arteritis, polyarteritis and beurgers disease(thromboangitis obliterates)

which of these causes inflammation in temporal vessel and creates a halo sign

a)

Takayasu(pulseless) arteritis

b)

temporal arteritis

c)

polyarteritis

d)

beurgers disease(thromboangitis obliterates)

57.

arteritis is cause by inflammation of the arterial wall which eventually results in thrombus.

there are 4 types: takayasu(pulseless) arteritis, temporal arteritis, polyarteritis and beurgers disease(thromboangitis obliterates)

which of these causes inflammation in the smaller digital vessels, usually in heavy smokers & males >40yo presents in distal arteries of fingers & toes.

a)

takayasu(pulseless) arteritis

b)

temporal arteritis

c)

polyarteritis

d)

beurgers disease(thromboangitis obliterates)

58.

Arteritis is caused by inflammation of arterial wall which eventually results in thrombus.

there are 4 types: takayasu(pulseless) arteritis, temporal arteritis, polyarteritis & beurgers disease(thromboangitis obliterates)

which of these causes necrotizing inflammation in medium & small arteries & organs

a)

takayasu(pulseless) arteritis

b)

temporal arteritis,

c)

polyarteritis

d)

beurgers disease(thromboangitis obliterates)

59.

____ occurs secondary to arteritis disease

a)

superficial thrombophlebitis

b)

coarctation

c)

takayasu

d)

temporal arteritis

60.

congenital narrowing of the aorta

usually in the thoracic aorta, & abdominal aorta due to hypertension related to kidney perfusion or low extremity ischemia.

symptoms: decreased pulses & decreased segmental pressures

a)

coarctation

b)

dissection

c)

pseudoanerusym

d)

takayasu arteritis

61.

T/F

ultrasound is thought to be very important in the diagnosis of dissection of the aorta

a)

true

b)

false

62.

with elevation of the foot with impaired arterial supply you will experience

a)

pallor

b)

rubor

c)

cyanosis

d)

all of these

63.

with dependency of the leg with arterial insufficiency

a)

cyanosis

b)

rubor

c)

palor

d)

none of these

64.

T/F

if there is an aneurysm present it is usually palpable

a)

true

b)

false

65.

palpable pulses usually indicate _______ , peroneals CANNOT be palpated

a)

aorta

b)

femoral

c)

popliteal

d)

dpa

e)

posterior tibial arteries

66.

palpable thrill or vibration over a pulse usually indicates

a)

fistula

b)

post stenotic turbulence

c)

patent dialysis graft

d)

patent peroneals

67.

T/F

upon the physician taking his hand and palpating the dpa he feels a faint pulse.

the DPA is patent, just experiencing compartment syndrome

a)

true

b)

false

68.

a bruit is associated to pandiastolic flow caused by severe arterial disease or stenosis

a)

true

b)

false

69.

a ____ is a low frequency sound heard on auscultation caused by significant stenosis that is caused by a response distal to a stenosis

a)

bruit

b)

thrill

c)

vibration

d)

all of these

70.

the absence of a bruit suggests normality but cannot rule out disease due to some cases of _____ the bruit disappears

a)

ruptured aneuryms

b)

embolism

c)

>90% severe stenosis

d)

dissection

71.

an abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein with a single connection

is considered a ____ AVF

a)

traumatic AVF

b)

congenital AVF

c)

Neurogenic AVF

d)

arterial AVF

72.


an abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein with numerous connections between arterial and venous systems

is considered a ____ AVF

a)

traumatic AVF

b)

congenital AVF

c)

Neurogenic AVF

d)

arterial AVF

73.

AVF increase the chance of causing CHF, BUT AVF located peripherally increase the chance of _____

a)

ischemia

b)

occlusion

c)

rest pain

d)

raynauds

74.

Match the following to the normal AVF characteristics

a)

1.

arterial flow prox: low resistant

b)

2.

at avf/graft: high psv/edv

c)

3.

distal flow: pulsatile/triphasic, normal

d)

4.

vein inflow: high veloc., phasic, pulsat

e)

5.

vein outflow: high pressure, high pulsat

75.

patient comes in with clinical signs of paresthesia , muscle weakness and diminished pulses in the anterior tibial region in the leg post-surgical correction of a traumatic event. what could be the cause of this

a)

traumatic AVF

b)

compartment syndrome

c)

popliteal entrapment

d)

ischemia

76.

- most Commonly: popliteal artery region

  • - in 40-50yo men

  • - due to repetetive trauma to join regions

  • - symptoms: claudication , bruit , diminished pulses distally , occlusion/narrowing effect

  • - composed of mucin/cystic fluid near artery/vein

a)

popliteal entrapment

b)

CPAD

c)

adventitial disease

d)

compartment syndrome

77.

what motion may cause the waveform to diminish in a patient experiencing popliteal entrapement

a)

resting

b)

running

c)

dorsiflexion

d)

plantar flexion

e)

exercise

78.

which position would cause discomfort and enhance symptoms of a patient experiencing TOS?

a)

upward arm movements

b)

exercise

c)

downward arm movements

d)

making a fist

e)

dorsiflexion

79.

what position should be used when testing the patient for TOS?

a)

arm at 180degree angle in same plane as torso

b)

arm at 90degree angle in same plane as torso

c)

adson maneuver left & right test

d)

valsalva maneuver

e)

supine adson maneuver

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